GRE试题四(3)

（单词翻译:单击）

21.The author of the passage is primarily concerned with
(A) describing how the principles of classical chem-
istry were developed
(B) initiating¹ a debate about the kinds of chemical
reactions required for the development of life
(C) explaining how current research in chemistry may be
related to broader biological concerns
(D) reconciling opposing theories about chemical reac-
tions
(E) clarifying inherent ambiguities² in the laws of clas-
sical chemistry

22.According to the passage, classical chemical reactions
and tunneling reactions are alike in which of the fol-
lowing ways?
(A) In both types of reactions, reacting molecules³ have
to rise over the barrier between the two wells.
(B) In both types of reactions, a transition is made
from the bottom of one potential well to the
bottom of another.
(C) In neither type of reaction does the height of the
barrier between the wells remain constant.
(D) In neither type of reaction does the rate of a
chemical reaction depend on its activation⁴
energy.
(E) In both types of reactions, reacting molecules are
able to go through the barrier between the two wells.

23. According to the Arrhenius equation as discussed in
the passage, which of the following statements about
chemical reactions is true?
(A) Chemical reactions are less likely to occur at tem-
peratures close to absolute zero.
(B) In some cases the rate of a chemical reaction is 

related to temperature and in other cases it is
not.
(C) Chemical reactions frequently occur at a few
degrees above absolute zero, but they are very
unpredictable.
(D) The rate of a chemical reaction depends on many
other factors besides temperature.
(E) Chemical reaction rate and temperature are not
related.

24.The author’s attitude toward the theory of a cold pre-
history of life can best be described as
(A) neutral
(B) skeptical⁵
(C) mildly positive
(D) very supportive
(E) pointedly⁶ critical

25.The author’s hypothesis concerning be cold prehistory
of life would be most weakened if which of the follow-
ing were true?
(A)Cosmic rays are unlikely to trigger the formation of
simple molecules.
(B)Tunneling occurs only in a narrow band of tem-
peratures around zero degrees Kelvin.
(C)The synthesis of interstellar formaldehyde can be
activated⁷ by means other than cosmic rays.
(D)Simple molecules can be synthesized by means of
tunneling.
(E)Classical chemical reactions do not occur at tem-
peratures close to absolute zero.

26.Which of the following best describes the hypothesis
of Hoyle and Wickramasinghe as it is presented in the
passage?
(A) Cosmic rays can directly synthesize complex
organic molecules.
(B) The galactic clouds are the places where prebio-
logical evolution of compounds necessary to life
occurred.
(C) Interstellar formaldehyde can be synthesized by
tunneling.
(D) Molecules of interstellar formaldehyde can evolve
into complex organic molecules.
(E) Complex organic molecules can be synthesized
from stable polysaccharides such as cellulose and
starch⁸.

27.Which of the following best describes the organization
of the first two paragraphs of the passage?
(A) The author cites a basic principle of classical
chemistry and then describes the research from
which that principle was developed.
(B) The author cites an apparent contradiction to
the principles of classical chemistry and then
explains the process of a chemical reaction to
show there is in fact no contradiction.
(C) the author describes the role of heat in chemical
reactions and then offers a detailed⁹ explanation
of its function.
(D) The author presents a law of classical chemistry in
order to introduce a kind of chemical reaction
that differs from it and then explains the essen-
tial difference between the two.
(E) The author presents the fundamental rules of clas-
sical chemistry in order to introduce an explana-
tion of a specific chemical reaction.

28. PREFACE:
(A) improvisation¹⁰
(B) burlesque¹¹
(C) epilogue
(D) tangent
(E) backdrop
29. DEBILITATE:
(A) implicate
(B) invigorate
(C) obfuscate¹³
(D) realign
(E) encumber¹⁴

30. TASTY:
(A) uninteresting
(B) unfamiliar¹⁵
(C) unexpected
(D) understated
(E) undervalued

31. ABNEGATE:
(A) refresh
(B) reaffirm
(C) relieve
(D) react
(E) reform

32. SERRIED¹⁶:
(A) partially¹⁷ formed
(B) widely separated
(C) narrowly missed
(D) extremely grateful
(E) reasonably clean

33. BOMBASTIC¹⁸:
(A) unflappable
(B) uninspired
(C) unpretentious
(D) inscrutable
(E) incisive¹⁹

34. BANAL²⁰:
(A) comfortable
(B) novel
(C) equal
(D) fatal
(E) competent
35. LANGUISH²¹:
(A) agitate²²
(B) wander
(C) relieve
(D) discomfit²³
(E) thrive

36. ENNUI²⁴:
(A) intimidation²⁵
(B) sleaze
(C) faint recollection
(D) keen interest
(E) deep reservation

37.DAUNTLESS:
(A) sophomoric
(B) trifling
(C) pusillanimous
(D) specious
(E) parsimonious

38.TEMERITY:
(A) credibility
(B) authority
(C) celebrity
(D) acrimony
(E) circumspection