在线英语听力室

【英语时差8，16】种族类型及记忆

时间：2015-10-29 05:50:04

搜索关注在线英语听力室公众号：tingroom，领取免费英语资料大礼包。

（单词翻译）

 Although there has been much debate about whether race has a biological or social basis, the bottom line is that race is a psychological reality for many people. That is, many folks assign other individuals to racial categories based on their appearance, and then make assumptions about them.   But racial stereotyping1 goes beyond classifying people into groups. When a group is assigned a negative stereotype2, individuals that exhibit more of the physical characteristics identified with that group suffer more discrimination.

For example, in a recent study, participants were asked to read one of four news articles about a hypothetical African American man. The first story was about a professor receiving an award. The second was about an athlete, a role stereotypically3 linked to African Americans. The third was about a white-collar criminal and the fourth about a violent criminal. No matter which story they read, all participants saw the same photo of the man.
Despite that fact, when participants were asked to reconstruct the man's face on a computer, they gave the man more stereotypically African features, such as darker skin tones, if he had been portrayed4 negatively as the white collar criminal, or--especially--as the violent criminal.
The fact that they didn't associate more African features with the athlete, who was portrayed positively6, suggests the participants linked these features to negativity rather than stereotypes7. And this happened regardless of the participants' self-reported racial attitudes, which means that they weren't even aware they were having these troubling responses.
If so, then it's not enough to study the way the media portray5 racial groups. It's also important to study how the public interprets and remembers--or misremembers--the news in a way that sustains racism8.  

分享到：


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 stereotyping 39d617452c0dc987f973fc489929116c     
v.把…模式化，使成陈规( stereotype的现在分词 )
参考例句：
  • I realize that I'm stereotyping. 我认识到我搞的是老一套。 来自辞典例句
  • There is none of the gender stereotyping usually evident in school uniforms. 有没有人的性别刻板印象通常是显而易见的。 来自互联网
2 stereotype rupwE     
n.固定的形象，陈规，老套，旧框框
参考例句：
  • He's my stereotype of a schoolteacher.他是我心目中的典型教师。
  • There's always been a stereotype about successful businessmen.人们对于成功商人一直都有一种固定印象。
3 stereotypically 968cf54bab68dfebb9570aab4e6ec999     
adv.带有成见地(stereotype的副词形式)
参考例句：
4 portrayed a75f5b1487928c9f7f165b2773c13036     
v.画像( portray的过去式和过去分词 )；描述；描绘；描画
参考例句：
  • Throughout the trial, he portrayed himself as the victim. 在审讯过程中，他始终把自己说成是受害者。
  • The author portrayed his father as a vicious drunkard. 作者把他父亲描绘成一个可恶的酒鬼。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
5 portray mPLxy     
v.描写，描述；画(人物、景象等)
参考例句：
  • It is difficult to portray feelings in words.感情很难用言语来描写。
  • Can you portray the best and worst aspects of this job?您能描述一下这份工作最好与最坏的方面吗？
6 positively vPTxw     
adv.明确地，断然，坚决地；实在，确实
参考例句：
  • She was positively glowing with happiness.她满脸幸福。
  • The weather was positively poisonous.这天气着实讨厌。
7 stereotypes 1ff39410e7d7a101c62ac42c17e0df24     
n.老套，模式化的见解，有老一套固定想法的人( stereotype的名词复数 )v.把…模式化，使成陈规( stereotype的第三人称单数 )
参考例句：
  • Such jokes tend to reinforce racial stereotypes. 这样的笑话容易渲染种族偏见。
  • It makes me sick to read over such stereotypes devoid of content. 这种空洞无物的八股调，我看了就讨厌。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
8 racism pSIxZ     
n.民族主义；种族歧视(意识)
参考例句：
  • He said that racism is endemic in this country.他说种族主义在该国很普遍。
  • Racism causes political instability and violence.种族主义道致政治动荡和暴力事件。

本文本内容来源于互联网抓取和网友提交，仅供参考，部分栏目没有内容，如果您有更合适的内容，欢迎 点击提交 分享给大家。