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Any creature that threatens to eat your wood furniture and structural¹ beams presents a major problem. That's why a termite² infestation³ is usually cause for alarm, followed by chemical extermination⁴.   Yet termites⁵ are as fascinating as they are potentially alarming. If you were able to shrink and infiltrate⁶ a termite colony you'd notice four distinct groups: workers, soldiers, immature⁷ individuals, and reproductives. The workers are the Cinderellas of the termite world; blind, sterile⁸, and wingless, they tend the eggs, feed the soldiers and young termites, and maintain the nest.

Soldiers defend the colony from predators⁹, the most dangerous being tribes of attacking ants. Although not as big and strong as their ant enemies, soldiers are equipped with an arsenal¹⁰ of physical and chemical weapons. Some termites use sharp teeth to bite an attacker and then coat the wound with an anti-clotting chemical, causing the enemy to bleed to death. Other weapons include a paint-brush like device used to daub poison on enemies and a longish, hose-like snout used to spray toxins¹¹ on attackers.

Of the four groups, the reproductives might have the best job. Sealed off in a chamber¹² and tended to by workers, the one pair of active reproductive termites reproduce as often as possible. But the king and queen, as they are known, are more than just pampered¹³ monarchs¹⁴. The queen, for one, is also a chemist. Alerted to the needs of the colony by her workers, the queen can secrete¹⁵ chemicals that, when fed to the colony's adolescent termites, turn them into soldiers, workers, or future reproductives, as needed. In this way, the termite queen both propagates and protects her brood.  

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