【英语时差8,16】平流层的细菌

（单词翻译）

Stratospheric Bacteria D:Nice telescope,Yael,what are you looking at? Y:Bacteria. D:In space? Y:Not that far out,Don.Scientists recently collected three brand new species of bacteria from the Stratosphere. When I heard about it,I couldn't believe it.Researchers have been using balloon lifted cryosamplers to collect bacteria and fungi¹ from the stratosphere for years. D:I didn't think that anything can live that high in the amosphere. Y:Neither did I.The stratosphere extends from ten to thirty miles above the surface. That’s above the clouds where temperatures can get as cold as minus 76 degrees Fahrenheit², and there’s lots of ultra violet radiation. D:So How do they think bacteria got up there? Y:Some scientists think they ride up on particles ejected from volcanoes. Others think bacteria might be sucked through updrafts caused by a special kind of lightning that travels upwards³ from cloud tops.Forest fires can also cause thunderstorms that toss immense plumes⁴ of smoke into the stratosphere. Bacteria could ride on the soot⁵. D:And they are the same kind Of bacteria that live here on the surface? Y:Some are known species. They have found rod-shaped Bacillus that are very common here as well as Staphylococcus species related to disease causing bacteria.Others are completely new, including two new Bacillus species. There’s also a third group of bacteria found in clumps⁶ that can’t be cultured in normal bacterial⁷ nutrients⁸. So far, they are a puzzle. D:That's really out of this world,Yael.But you really are trying to see bacteria with your telescope,are you? Y:No,Don.They are away too small. I'm just out enjoying the stars.