【英语时差8,16】哥斯达黎加黄蜂的男性规则（上）

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In most species of social insects, such as wasps¹, bees, and ants, the females rule. The females are the workers. They are the ones to go out and get the food, and they are also the ones to care for the queen, the larvae², and the nest in general. The males of these species of insects are typically lazy, and they bare the brunt of much abuse. They’re sometimes bitten, fed scraps³, and chased out of the home for good by their sisters not long after they’re born. Not only that, but among paper wasps in the United States the females practice what scientists call “male stuffing.” When a worker brings food home to the nest, her sisters shove their brothers headfirst into empty nest cells to prevent them from consuming any of the food.

 

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