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116 南斯拉夫将与国际法庭进行合作
Yugoslavia Tribunal Gathers SteamRoger Wilkison
Brussels
5 Jul 2001 12:22 UTC
Bosnian Serb Prime Minister Mladen Ivanic went to The Hague Wednesday to meet with officials of the internarional war crimes 1)tribunal. Mr. Ivanic's visit has fueled 2)speculation about possible cooperation between his Bosnian Serb government and the court, following Yugoslavia's hand-over of former President Slobodan Milosevic to the tribunal last week. The visit has also raised hopes that the court's two most wanted 3)fugitives, former Bosnian Serb leaders Radovan Karadzic and Ratko Mladic, may follow Mr. Milosevic to The Hague.
The tribunal's chief 4)prosecutor, Carla Del Ponte, says Mr. Milosevic's arrival in The Hague marks a turning point that all authorities in the former Yugoslavia must recognize. The Serb 5)entity in Bosnia is the only part of the former Yugoslavia that has yet to begin cooperating with the tribunal. Ms. Del Ponte, who wants to try Mr. Karadzic and Mr. Mladic on genocide charges, has questioned the will of NATO forces in Bosnia to 6)track down the two fugitives. "Radovan Karadzic and Ratko Mladic were first indicted almost six years ago," she says. "The fact that they have not been arrested when we are preparing the trial of other members of the Bosnian Serb leadership is 7)scandalous."
Even diplomats at NATO admit that allied troops in Bosnia have 8)shied away from tracking down the two men because they are reluctant to suffer 9)casualties. But Ms. Del Ponte says she is hopeful the surrender of Mr. Milosevic will lead to more arrests of war crimes suspects. She has described the hand-over of the former Yugoslav strongman as a landmark in the international fight against 10)impunity.
Richard Dicker, of Human Rights Watch, says the tribunal's case against Mr. Milosevic is an attempt to bring justice to all of those who have suffered and died over the past decade in the former Yugoslavia. "To see a man who a few short months ago was head of state brought before an international court charged with war crimes and crimes against humanity is a very significant development," says Mr. Decker. "It's a victory for those 11)victimized by these crimes."
Mr. Milosevic said during his first appearance before the tribunal on Tuesday that he does not recognize the court's legitimacy, and, therefore, will not appoint lawyers to defend him. "I consider this tribunal a false tribunal and the indictments false indictments," he said. "It is 12)illegal...so I have no need to appoint 13)counsel to illegal organ."
But tribunal spokesman Jim Landale says it would be in Mr. Milosevic's interest to appoint lawyers to help him, instead of trying to defend himself. "There is an enormous volume of material that he'll have to process, once the 14)prosecution discloses all the evidence and materials supporting their charges," he says. "So, that's another very good reason why you would need additional help in the form of legal counsel."
Mr. Milosevic has said the tribunal's aim is to justify what he calls NATO's crimes against Yugoslavia, which the alliance bombed during 11 weeks in 1999, to force Mr. Milosevic to withdraw his troops from Kosovo. He stands accused of crimes against humanity, 15)stemming from his government's persecution of 16)ethnic Albanians in that Serbian province.
Aleksandar Popovic, a top official of current Yugoslav President Vojislav Kostunica's Democratic Party of Serbia, says Mr. Milosevic will conduct a political rather than a legal defense of his actions. Mr. Popovic, like many Serbs, thinks the tribunal is 17)biased against his country and that NATO should be put on trial, too. "He will say NATO committed some war crimes. NATO bombed a bridge full of 18)civilians. NATO twice bombed busses loaded with civilians," says Mr. Popovic. "NATO bombed a railroad bridge with a train full of civilians on it. This is the truth. So he will say that and he will ask: Why don't you prosecute anyone from NATO?"
Attorneys for the tribunal acknowledge that the proceedings against Mr. Milosevic will be long and complex. But Deputy Chief Prosecutor Graham Blewitt says the case against the former strongman is solid. "I've got no doubt at all that we will be able to establish Mr. Milosevic's 19)guilt in terms of the charges contained in the 20)indictment," he says.
The prosecutors will have to establish that Mr. Milosevic planned and organized the crimes he is 21)charged with, or that he bears indirect responsibility for them, because he did not stop them from occurring.
Balkans expert Misha Glenny, who has closely watched Mr. Milosevic's career, says the charges may be difficult to prove because the former Yugoslav leader has always been very careful to cover his tracks. "He is not a person who likes to write things. When he does write things, I think that he knows that they are not necessarily 22)incriminating," he says. "He 23)ignores things. He forgets things sometimes, so there may be things that he has overlooked. But I don't think it's 24)definitely going to be very easy to find a lot of smoking guns around Milosevic."
Mr. Glenny also warns that Mr. Milosevic's 25)extradition to The Hague does not mean that the Balkans will calm down anytime soon. He says Macedonia is 26)on the verge of civil war. "The Albanians and Macedonians of the country are victims, in my opinion, of a Serbo-Croat war, which was essentially started by Milosevic, ably assisted by the late Croatian president, Franjo Tudjman. And so the influence of his actions is still there," says Mr. Glenny. "The Balkans are in 27)turmoil. They need assistance and help. And we mustn't fall into the trap of thinking that, just because Milosevic is out of the way, that the region is somehow going to stabilize."
Mr. Glenny says the Balkans are nowhere near the new 28)era of democracy and peace that international 29)policymakers were 30)heralding only a few months ago. He says the road to that goal - even without Mr. Milosevic standing in the way - is extremely long.
(1) tribunal[traI5bju:n(E)l]n.法官席, 审判员席, (特等)法庭
(2) speculation[spekjJ5leIF(E)n]n.思索, 做投机买卖
(3) fugitive[5fju:dVItIv]adj.逃亡的, 无常的n.逃亡者, 亡命者
(4) prosecutor[5prRsIkju:tE(r)]n.检举人
(5) entity[5entItI]n.实体
(6) track down v.追捕到
(7) scandalous[5skAndElEs]adj.诽谤性的
(8) shy away v.避开, 回避
(9) casualties人员伤亡
(10) impunity[Im5pju:nItI]n.不受惩罚, 免罚, 无患
(11) victimize[5vIktImaIz]v.牺牲
(12) illegal[I5li:^(E)l]adj.违法的, 不合规定的
(13) counsel[5kaJns(E)l]n.讨论, 商议, 辩护律师vt.劝告, 忠告
(14) prosecution[prRsI5kju:F(E)n]n.进行, 经营, 检举, 起诉
(15) stem[stem]n.茎, 干v.滋生, 阻止
(16) ethnic[5eWnIk]adj.人种的, 种族的, 异教徒的
(17) biased[`baIEst]adj.结果偏倚的
(18) civilian[sI5vIlIEn]n.平民, 公务员adj.民间的, 民用的
(19) guilt[^Ilt]n.罪行, 内疚
(20) indictment[In5daItmEnt]n.控告
(21) charge with控告
(22) incriminate[In5krImIneIt]vt.控告...有罪, 使负罪, 控告
(23) ignore[I^5nC:(r)]vt.不理睬, 忽视, [律](因证据不足而)驳回诉讼
(24) definitely[5defInItlI]adv.明确地, 干脆地
(25) extradition[9ekstrE`dIFEn]n.(根据条约或法令对逃犯等的)引渡
(26) on the verge of adv.接近于, 濒临于
(27) turmoil[5t:mCIl]n.骚动, 混乱
(28) era[5IErE]n.时代, 纪元, 时期
(29) policymaker[ `pClEsI9meIkE(r) ]n.政策制定者,决策人
(30) herald[5herEld]vt.预报, 宣布, 传达, 欢呼
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