访谈录 2010-08-19&0821 Iain Duncan Smith 提升就业率的计（在线收听）

And the key problem is that people who are out of work are trying to go into work. They are not clear at all that going into work actually pays. Because what happens is that you're going to work, the withdrawal rate for individual benefits as are said is thirty to fifty. All that different rates could lead to what we call marginal rates reduction. Tax rates are ending up to ninety five pence in a pound which means, basically, you'd keep five pence out of every one pound that you earned. And this is complex and nobody can understand it. So the result is people we understand do not, even make the effort or change because they don't feel that they will be better off and so they spend their time on benefits. A very good example of that is, you know, about 1.5 million people they will take, of actually being on benefits for nine out of the last ten years. We have the largest number of workless households in Britain with the largest number of children growing up in workless households in Europe. It’s ... But maybe some of those people are unable to work. I mean, forgive me for bowling this at you. But we have had quite a few emails on the very, this topic matters this morning. But, this from Miss T. Gates: Twenty years ago I lost sight of my left eye. Despite that for last five years I plodded on earned qualifications. I would love to work. I’ve applied for 40 jobs. The problem is, employers can’t see past the label of disabled. No good changing the system, the jobs aren’t there. And there are maybe many more who would like to work, but simply cannot, because the system in terms of employment is wrong rather than the benefits system.
Well, with respect, of course, those individual cases are dealt with; we have things like Incapacity Benefit from moving on to employment support allowances. Those are the changes. The disability living allowances for disabled people. And those support payment for disabled people. They are not work-related. They are not included in this. What we are talking about is people, about five and a half million people of working age at the moment in the UK, simply do not work during the course of the week, these are not the ones looking after families or carers of sick people. They are excluded. Five and a half million people, as I said, of those, nearly 1.5 million people have been out of work for nine out of the last ten years. We go to some areas in Britain, where you get two and three generations of people in an area, who have never held a job in their lives. And this is of course madness. And the reason it’s there is hugely due to the complexity of the system. One of my senior officials, the other day, happened to go into a job center to look at what was going on. An official there was working out for a lone parent who’d come in, having been in work for a few hours, had an offer for a few more hours, couldn’t figure out whether it work for her. It took that official 45 minutes with computer programs to work out whether that person in front of them was going to be better off or worse off if they took the extra hours. This is a system of madness, complexity that leads to disincentives of people going to work.