[00:03.63]In a moment,you are going to hear an informative talk
[00:09.33]being given to a group of tourists before they are to enter
[00:14.21]Stonehenge Park,in England.
[00:18.31]The talk is to be given by Mr.Aaron Albright,
[00:24.22]the curator of the Stonehenge Museum.
[00:29.00]Section 2 (1) Aaron Albright:Hello,and good day to everyone here!
[00:33.99]My name is Aaron Albright and I am the curator of the Stonehenge Museum.
[00:41.69]I want to thank you all for coming out here to see us
[00:47.07]on this unusually beautiful afternoon.
[00:51.36]Before your tour of Stonehenge,
[00:55.25]please allow me to give you a short talk on the history
[01:00.13]of one of the most mysterious places on earth.
[01:04.84]however,Before I begin my talk
[01:09.83]I will give a brief explanation of the grounds of the park,
[01:15.13]including the location of the restrooms,
[01:19.83]one of the least mysterious places on earth.
[01:24.14]Before I start,let me introduce your tour guides,
[01:28.84]Eve Eton and David Davies.
[01:34.04]Eve and David will accompany you up the small hill to Stonehenge,
[01:39.94]where they will stay with you,
[01:43.42]in the event you may need some assistance.
[01:47.49]Eve is standing towards the back,
[01:51.07]on the left one side,with that group of people.
[01:55.88]She's the tall young woman with the short,wavy hair.
[02:00.79]She's wearing a T-shirt and slacks.
[02:04.97]Eve is a graduate student at Fuller University;
[02:10.35]she is working on her Master's degree
[02:14.45]in the study of the area we now call England during the prehistoric period.
[02:21.24]She is very knowledgeable on the subject of Stonehenge,
[02:26.94]and would be delighted to answer any questions you might have.
[02:32.22]Also standing with that same group of people is David Davies,
[02:38.80]but as he will be sure to tell you,please call him Dave.
[02:44.91]He's wearing a sweater jeans,and trainers.
[02:49.61]He has short,dark hair and wears glasses.
[02:54.99]Dave is a student at Salisbury University,majoring in archeology.
[03:01.37]He too,would be glad to answer questions.
[03:05.94]Now I will tell you about the park's facilities.
[03:10.54]Here on only four hectares of meadowland
[03:15.13]are six buildings,in addition to Stonehenge.
[03:19.92]First,this gray brick building behind me is the Snack Shop.
[03:26.50]Tea,coffee,soda and light snacks can be bought there.
[03:31.70]The two-story building to the right of the SnackShop
[03:36.29]is my home away from home,the museum.
[03:41.31]I hope everyone will come round and visit before they leave.
[03:46.30]To the left of the Snack Shop is another gray brick building.
[03:51.81]There you may wish to purchase souvenir and gift items;
[03:57.19]such as T-shirts,models and key chains.
[04:02.29]Located in front of me,and behind you,is the car park.
[04:09.08]On the left hand side of the car park are the restrooms,
[04:14.28]and to the right are the pay phones.
[04:18.77]Finally,behind both the Snack Shop and me,up the hill,is Stonehenge.
[04:26.76]Questions 12-16 according to section 2(1).Question 12-13
[04:28.75]Choose the letters corresponding to the correct people.
[04:30.76]12.Which person is Eve Eton?( ) 13.Which person is Dave Davies?( )
[04:32.74]As for the detailed information.Please look at the picture of the book.
[04:34.76]Question 14-16 Circle the letter indicating the position of the speaker
[04:36.74]14.Where is Aaron Albright(the speaker)?
[04:38.75]Please look at the map of the book for answer Write a number for 15 and 16.
[04:40.74]15.the Visitor's Centre at Stonehenge has ( ) buildings.
[04:42.72]16.Stonehenge and the Visitor's Center cover ( )hectaresof land.
[04:44.73]Section 2 ( 2) Aaron Albright:More than 4,000 years ago,
[04:48.81]the people of the Neolithic period
[04:52.99]decided to build a massive monument using dirt,wood and later,stones,
[05:01.79]placing it high here,on the Salisbury Plain in Wiltshire,England
[05:08.40]about 137 kilometers southwest of London.
[05:13.89]Why Stonehenge was built still remains a mystery,
[05:19.16]with theories ranging from religion to astronomy.
[05:24.08]Some of what was Stonehenge still stands today,as mysterious and sacred
[05:31.36]as if must have been to the hundreds of people who helped build it.
[05:37.06]The stones of the main monument appear to form layers of circles
[05:42.86]and partial circles that surround the site.
[05:47.64]First there is an outer circle,which is now mostly in ruin.
[05:53.72]Within this larger circle are smaller stones,
[05:58.11]also set in circle formation.
[06:02.11]Within the centre of the monument are trilithons.
[06:06.99]Trilithon is the name given to two tall stones
[06:12.09]standing side by side with one stone on top.
[06:17.50]Inside the set of trilithons is another set of smaller stones.
[06:24.00]Stonehenge was constructed in three phases,between 3,000 and 1,400BC.
[06:32.59]Erosion,time and human invasion have worn it down,
[06:38.89]leaving many stones in stumps similar to baby teeth.
[06:44.79]Although the site may not be as majestic as it once was,
[06:50.31]it still conveys a sense of power that seems to enclose people in its mystery,
[06:57.10]but not allowing anyone to finally understand what its purpose may have been.
[07:03.99]Today there is still enough left of Stonehenge to try to guess about its purpose,
[07:11.20]but not enough left to be sure of why or how it was constructed.
[07:18.10]Astronomers,archaeologists and historians
[07:22.49]all enjoy debating theories on its construction and purpose.
[07:28.57]By the way,another interesting fact
[07:32.96]is that the stones were brought from far distances to Salisbury Plain,
[07:38.48]using only muscle and primitive tools,like ropes and wooden levers.
[07:45.76]Some of the stones are thought to have been brought from Mariborough Downs,
[07:51.77]30 kilometers to the north of Stonehenge,
[07:55.98]which is a feat incomparable by today's standards.
[08:00.97]But even more interesting is the mystery of the so-called'bluestones'
[08:08.28]The'bluestones are a set of ten stones that have a special colour.
[08:14.26]They are believed to have come from the Preseli Mountains in southwest Wales,
[08:20.53]nearly 385 kilometers away.
[08:25.03]How these stone each weighing 4 tonnes,
[08:30.01]arrived at Stonehenge is still debated.
[08:34.72]But regardless of how the stones came to the site,
[08:39.31]it would have required much effort,
[08:42.81]because at that time the wheel had not yet been invented.
[08:49.11]Clearly,a lot of trouble was taken ...
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