2010年ESL之商务英语 15 Talking About Sight（打印版）

2010年ESL之商务英语 15 Talking About Sight（在线收听）

15 Talking About Sight

GLOSSARY

medication – medicine; a substance swallowed or injected to treat an illness ormake one feel better* The doctor gave her a new medication for her high blood pressure.

to mess with – to interfere with something; to change the way something works,making it less effective or more difficult* Do you think the government has the right to mess with how banks lendmoney?

vision – eyesight; how well or poorly someone is able to focus the eyes and seethings* Harold had perfect vision until he was a teenager, but then he had to startwearing glassesblurry – unclear; not in focus* All of our photos are blurry because there was not enough light.

to flake out – to not do something that one is supposed to do, especially if itmakes things difficult or awkward for another person* I missed our first appointment, so it’s really important that I don’t flake out andforget about the one that has been rescheduled for tomorrow.

blind as a bat – blind or almost blind; unable to see, or unable to see very well* It’s so dark in here. I’m blind as a bat!

crystal clear – very clear; very easy to see and/or understand; without anydifficulty seeing something* With text that large, the billboard is crystal clear for people to read as they driveby.

to put in an appearance – to be seen in a particular place, even if one doesn’tstay there very long or do anything important while there* The mayor has three meetings at the same time, but he promised to put in anappearance at our conference, even if it’s only for a few minutes.

sharp – clearly defined; easily seen and understood* Do you like the sharp lines in this painting?

to make out – to be able to see something when it is very difficult to see, usuallybecause it is too far away* The detective used a magnifying glass to make out the words on the sign in thephotograph.

to blindside – to surprise someone in a bad or negative way; to do somethingunexpected that has negative consequences* We were all blindsided when Jenna shared the company’s secrets withreporters.

to do more harm than good – for one’s actions or words to create moreproblems than they solve; to have a negative impact by doing or sayingsomething* I know you want to help Shawn, but offering him money might hurt his pride andend up doing more harm than good.

to see double – to see two images of everything, often because one is drunk orhas taken medicine* Luke saw double for a few minutes after he got hit in the head with a baseball.

X-ray vision – the ability to see through objects, either seeing what is insidethem or what is on the other side of them* If airport security guards had X-ray vision, they’d be able to see whetherpassengers were carrying any weapons.

to impair – to hinder; to make something worse; to make something not as goodas it normally is or should be* Drunk driving is illegal because alcohol consumption impairs a driver’s decisionmakingand reaction time.

(one’s) better judgment – one’s ability to know what is right and wrong, or whatone should do or say in a particular situation* Against my better judgment, I agreed to let Tara drive my car even though Iknew she had been in several car accidents.

COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS

1. What does Sue say about her medication?

a) That it is affecting her vision.

b) That it is supposed to improve her vision.

c) That it should make things blurry.

2. If someone is “blind as a bat,” what does he or she see?

a) Everything is blurry.

b) Everything is crystal clear.

c) Everything is sharp.

______________

WHAT ELSE DOES IT MEAN?

sharp

The word “sharp,” in this podcast, means clearly defined, or easily seen andunderstood: “The professor’s definition draws a sharp line between conservativeand liberal politics.” The word “sharp” also means clever or intelligent: “Maggie isreally sharp! She always understands new concepts immediately.” Someonewho is “sharp-eared” or “sharp-eyed” is able to hear or see very well: “She wantsto get a sharp-eared dog that will hear any intruders.” Someone who is “sharptongued”

is very direct and says mean or unfriendly things that hurt otherpeople’s feelings: “If you want to be successful in your career, you’ll have to finda way to be less sharp-tongued.” Finally, someone who is “sharp-witted” is ableto think very quickly and create clever responses in very little time: “Sharp-wittedstudents do very well on the school’s debate team.”

to see doubleIn this podcast, the phrase “to see double” means to see two images ofeverything, often because one is drunk or medicated: “When you start seeingdouble, you know you’ve had too much to drink.” The phrase “to be seeingthings” means to see things that aren’t really there: “I’m so tired that I’m seeingthings. I definitely need to get some sleep soon.” The phrase “to have seenbetter days” means for something or someone to be worse than it once was, or tobe in poor condition: “They bought their car new, but that was over 10 years ago,and it has definitely seen better days.” Finally, the phrase “to see the light”

means to realize that something is true after one has not believed it for a longperiod of time: “Karina’s parents finally saw the light and agreed to help her payfor college.”

CULTURE NOTE

Many people who are blind or “visually impaired” (not able to see very well) use“guide dogs,” or dogs that have been “trained” (instructed; taught) to lead peoplearound “obstacles” (things that are in one’s way and must be walked over oraround). Many “breeds” (types) of dogs can be trained as guide dogs, butGolden Retrievers, Labradors, and German Shepherds are the most commonones.

Of course, guide dogs cannot read street signs, and they are “partially” (partly,not completely) “color-blind” (unable to see differences in some or all colors), sothey cannot “navigate” (give directions) for their owner. The blind or visuallyimpaired individual must know how to go from one place to another. The guidedog is there to help the individual get there safely. For example, guide dogs canhelp their owner stay on the sidewalk, avoid “bumping into” (hitting) other peopleor buildings, avoid “tripping” (hitting something with one’s foot and falling oralmost falling) over “uneven” (not smooth) pavement, and stop at “intersections”

(where two or more streets cross).

Normally, dogs and other animals are not allowed in restaurants and stores in theUnited States. However, different rules are applied to guide dogs. TheAmericans with Disabilities “Act” (law) “prevents” (does not allow) businessesfrom “barring” (not allowing) guide dogs on the “premises” (the place of business;where work is done). In addition, “landlords” (people who own homes orapartments and rent them to other people) have to let “tenants” (people who renta home or apartment) live with their guide dog and cannot charge them an extra“fee” (money that must be paid for a particular purpose) as they can do for othertenants who choose to have “pets” (animals that live with people forentertainment and companionship).

______________Comprehension Questions Correct Answers: 1 – a; 2 – a

COMPLETE TRANSCRIPT

Welcome to English as a Second Language Podcast number 600: Talking AboutSight.

This is English as a Second Language Podcast episode 600. I’m your host, Dr.

Jeff McQuillan, coming to you from the Center for Educational Development inbeautiful Los Angeles, California.

Visit our website at eslpod.com. Become a member of ESL Podcast and you canget our Learning Guides for each of our current episodes that will help youimprove your English even faster.

This episode is called “Talking About Sight,” about how you see and vocabularyrelated to seeing. Let’s get started.

[start of dialogue]

Sue: This medication I’m taking is messing with my vision. Everything is blurry.

Hamed: That’s a good reason for you to stay home from work today.

Sue: I can’t. I have to give a presentation this afternoon and I can’t flake out onmy coworkers.

Hamed: What good are you to them if you’re blind as a bat?

Sue: Everybody else will have crystal clear vision, so all I have to do is to put inan appearance. Things may not be as sharp as I’d like them to be, but I can stillmake out people and objects – as long as they’re really big.

Hamed: I don’t think your coworkers are going to want you to blindside themtoday with your strange behavior. You’re going to do more harm than good.

Sue: I can see well enough. I only see double if I move my head like this.

Whoa…Hamed: At this point, I don’t care if you have X-ray vision. That medication isaffecting more than your vision. It’s impairing your better judgment!

[end of dialogue]

Sue begins our dialogue by saying, “This medication I’m taking is messing withmy vision. Everything is blurry.” “Medication” is just another word for medicine,or a drug that you take to help your health. “To mess with” is an informalexpression meaning to interfere with something or someone, to make somethingmore difficult for someone, to get in someone’s way in order to make somethingmore difficult for them. You may say to someone, “Don’t mess with me.” That’sa rather strong statement; you’re saying if you interfere with me or what I’m tryingto do, I am going to do something bad to you; I am going to perhaps hurt you.

Here, however, Sue just means that the medication is interfering with, or affectingin a negative way, her vision. “Vision” (vision) is another word for eyesight, whichmeans how well or how poorly you’re able to see things. If you have what wemight call perfect eyesight, we would say you have 20-20 vision, meaning youare able to see without any glasses. Well, Sue does not have 20-20 vision. Shesays, “Everything is blurry (blurry).” When things are “blurry” they are unclear,we would say they are not in focus. Your eyes can’t see them clearly, it’s sort oflike there are clouds around them. Or, you can’t see where one thing begins andanother ends. Another adjective we might use in this situation when talkingabout vision is “fuzzy” (fuzzy). “Blurry” is probably more common however.

Hamed says, “That’s a good reason for you to stay home from work today.” He’stelling her that she should not go to work because her vision is blurry. Sue,however, says, “I can’t (I can’t stay home). I have to give a presentation thisafternoon and I can’t flake out on my coworkers.” The expression “to flake (flake)out” is a two-word phrasal verb meaning not to do something you are supposedto do, especially something you are supposed to do with another person. Forexample, you say that you are going to go to a movie with your friend and thatyou will meet at the movie theater. But then you decide you’re not going to go tothe movie and you don’t even tell your friend. That would be “to flake out.” Evenif you did tell your friend that could also be considered “flaking out,” especially ifyou do it at the last minute, meaning right before the actual time you aresupposed to go to the movie. We can also used the verb “to flake” to mean thesame thing, but “to flake out” is probably more common, the two-word phrasalversion.

Sue is giving a presentation with some of her “coworkers,” people with whom sheworks, and so cannot stay home. Hamed says, “What good are you to them ifyou’re blind as a bat?” “What good are you to them (means how are you going tohelp them) if you are blind as a bat?” This is an old expression in English. “Tobe blind” means to be unable to see. A “bat” is an animal that, I was told in school, doesn’t see. So, “to be blind as a bat” means that you cannot see; you’reunable to see very well.

Sue says, “Everybody else will have crystal clear vision.” Things that are “crystal(crystal) clear” are things that are very clear, very easy to see, or very easy tounderstand. You can use this not just for vision – eyesight, you can also use it totalk about an explanation for example. “This explanation is crystal clear,” I canunderstand it easily. We hope these explanations are crystal clear to you! Suesays all she else to do is to put in an appearance. “To put in an appearance”

means to show up, to be seen in a particular place even if you don’t do anythingimportant, even if you don’t stay there very long: My friend is getting married, Idon’t really want to go to the party after the wedding, what we call the weddingreception, but I need to put in an appearance at the church where he’s gettingmarried. I need to go there and be seen.

Sue says, “Things may not be as sharp as I’d like them to be, but I can still makeout people and objects – as long as they’re really big.” “Sharp” here means easyto see, easy to understand, clearly defined, something similar to “crystal clear.”

“Sharp,” however, has several other meanings in English, and those can befound in our Learning Guide. She says that she can still make out people andobjects. “To make out” is a two-word phrasal verb that means to be able to seesomething when it is otherwise difficult to see, usually because it is too far away.

You see someone walking toward you, but they are far away and you can’t makeout if it’s a man or a woman; you can’t see clearly enough.

Hamed says, “I don’t think your coworkers are going to want you to blindsidethem today with your strange behavior.” “To blindside” (one word) means tosurprise someone but in a bad way, in a negative way, to do somethingunexpected that is very negative. “We were all blindsided when Jenna sharedthe company’s secrets with the television reporters,” we were all surprised in avery negative way. Hamed says that Sue will blindside her colleagues – hercoworkers if she can’t see. He says, “You’re going to do more harm than good.”

The expression “to do more harm than good” means that your actions or wordswill create more problems than they solve, it will be more negative than positive.

Sue says, “I can see well enough. I only see double if I move my head like this.

Whoa…” “To see double” means to see two images of something. If you havetoo much to drink or you have taken some medicine you may start to see double– at least, some kinds of medicine. Sue says that she is seeing two ofeverything. She only has that problem when she moves her head in a certainway. But when she does this she appears to be affected by it; she says, “Whoa,” which is a way of expressing that you are experiencing something strange orsomething unusual.

Hamed says, “At this point, I don’t care if you have X-ray vision. That medicationis affecting more than your vision.” “X-ray vision” is the ability to see throughobjects, to see what’s inside of something. If you go to the doctor and the doctorthinks that you may have broken a bone, say in your arm or leg, they may takean X-ray. They may take a special picture which can see inside, if you will, yourarm or leg. “To have X-ray vision” is just another way of saying to haveincredibly good eyesight, magically good eyesight. I think Superman had X-rayvision; he could see inside of things. I’m not sure; I’ll have to ask him when I talkto him again!

Hamed says the medication – the drugs that Sue is taking is impairing her betterjudgment. “To impair” (impair) means to make something worse, to makesomething not as good as it would normally be. Talking on a cell phone whileyou are driving impairs your ability to drive. That’s true. In fact, some researchsays that talking on the cell phone and driving is as bad as drinking and driving.

Both of those things impair your ability to drive. Your “better judgment” is yourability to know what is right and wrong, or what you should do or say in aparticular situation. Hamed is saying that the medication is impairing Sue’sbetter judgment; she’s not able to think clearly because of the drugs she’s beentaking.

Now let’s listen to the dialogue, this time at a normal speed.