1．回顾当前形势，表明立场

　　2．阐明互相矛盾的两个观点，表明立场

　　3．提出问题并给于一个答案，表明立场

　　4．讲述一个趣闻，表明立场

　　5．开门见山，直接表明立场

　　6．引用谚语（不是中国的谚语）

　　例子：

　　1.Social progress, an indispensable part of human life whose meaning varies from place to place, has come to the sole standard of social well-being of people

　　Reputation, a term whose definition/an inevitable part of success which brings pride in its wake, may sometimes lead to downfall great heroes

　　2.Some argue/suggest/claim that ... while others maintain/insist that ...

　　There is an on-going debate over.... Some people who oppose ... suggest that ... while others who advocate ... would claim that ....

　　3. the answer apparently lies not in ... but in ....

　　4. It is reported that in the latest issue of TIME that ....

　　college professor, factory worker, office employee, business executive（这些可以用来举例）