The demand for American goods fell off. Mill owners closed their mills. 对美国货物的需求在下降，作坊老板关闭了作坊，

　　Working men and women could find no work to do. 靠工作吃饭的人们不论男女都找不到工作，

　　The result was a great rush of emigrants from the older states on the seaboard to the new settlements in the West. 于是，就有了从沿海原有各州向西部新聚居地的大规模移民。

　　In the West the emigrants could buy land from the government at a very low rate, and by working hard could support themselves and their families. 去西部的移民可以用非常低的价格从政府那里买到土地，通过努力劳动他们可以养活自己和家人，

　　This westward movement was at its height in 1817. 这种西部移民运动到1817年达到高潮。

　　In the years 1816~19, four states were admitted to the Union. 1816~1819年，联邦承认四个新的州，

　　These were Indiana (1816), Mississippi (1817), Illinois (1818), and Alabama (1819). 它们是印第安纳州（1816）、密西西比州（1817）、伊利诺斯州（1818）和阿拉巴马州（1819）。

　　Some of the emigrants even crossed the Mississippi River and settled in Missouri and in Arkansas. 有的移民甚至越过密西西比河到密苏里和阿肯色定居，

　　In 1819 they asked to be admitted to the Union as the state of Missouri, or given a territorial government under the name of Arkansas. 1819年，这两个地方向联邦申请被接受为密苏里州或按照阿肯色这个名字建立一个政府，

　　The people of Maine also asked Congress to admit them to the Union as the state of Maine. 缅因的人们也要求国会接受他们为联邦的缅因州。

　　278. Opposition to the Admission of Missouri. 278．反对接受密苏里

　　Many people in the North opposed the admission of Missouri because the settlers of the proposed state were slaveholders. 北方的许多人反对接受密苏里为一个州，因为所提出申请"州"的殖民地拥有一些奴隶。

　　Missouri would be a slave state, and these Northerners did not want any more slave states. 如果接受他们，密苏里就是一个奴隶州，这些北方人不希望再有奴隶州出现。

　　Originally slavery had existed in all the old thirteen states. 在已有十三州中已经有了奴隶制，

　　But every state north of Maryland had before 1819 either put an end to slavery 但在1819年前马里兰以北的各州或者终止了奴隶制，

　　or had adopted some plan by which slavery would gradually come to an end. 或者通过一些计划以逐渐结束奴隶制。

　　Slavery had been excluded from the Northwest by the famous Ordinance of 1787. 西北部地区通过著名的《西北法令》已经排除了奴隶制，