Our most important institutions, our schools and our workplaces, 我们最重要的机构，学校及职场，

　　they are designed mostly for extroverts and for extroverts' need for lots of stimulation. 却像是为外向者设计的，并且有适合他们需要的刺激。

　　And also we have this belief system right now that I call the new groupthink, 当然我们现在也有这样一种信用机制，我称它为新型的“团队思考”，

　　which holds that all creativity and all productivity comes from a very oddly gregarious place. 这是一种包含所有创造力和生产力的思考方式，从一个社交非常零散的地方产生的。

　　So if you picture the typical classroom nowadays: When I was going to school, we sat in rows. 当你描绘今天典型教室的图案时：当我还上学的时候，我们一排排地坐着。

　　We sat in rows of desks like this, and we did most of our work pretty autonomously. 我们靠着桌子，一排排坐着，就像这样，并且我们大多数工作都是自觉完成的。

　　But nowadays, your typical classroom has pods of desks -- four or five or six or seven kids all facing each other. 但是在现代社会，所谓典型的教室是些圈起来并排的桌子--四个或是五个或是六、七个孩子坐在一起，面对面。

　　And kids are working in countless group assignments. 孩子们要完成无数个小组任务。

　　Even in subjects like math and creative writing, 甚至像数学和创意写作这些课程，

　　which you think would depend on solo flights of thought, kids are now expected to act as committee members. 这些你们认为需要依靠个人闪光想法的课程，孩子们现在却被期待成为小组会的成员。

　　And for the kids who prefer to go off by themselves or just to work alone, those kids are seen as outliers often or, worse, as problem cases. 对于那些喜欢独处，或者自己一个人独立完成作业的孩子来说，他们常常被视为局外人或者更糟，被视为问题孩子。

　　And the vast majority of teachers reports believing that the ideal student is an extrovert as opposed to an introvert, 几乎所有老师都认为，好的学生应该是外向活泼的，内向的孩子则正好相反。

　　even though introverts actually get better grades and are more knowledgeable, according to research. 即使内向的孩子成绩较好，甚至更博学多闻。这是根据研究得出的。