VOA慢速英语2020 石油巨头们设定首个联合碳目标（在线收听）

Top Oil Companies Set Carbon Target Goals

For the first time, a group of the world's top oil companies have set goals to cut carbon gas emissions as a percentage of their total production.

一批全球顶级的石油公司首次设定了削减碳排放占总产量的比例的目标。

Among the businesses agreeing to the effort were Saudi Aramco, China's CNPC and the American company ExxonMobil.

沙特阿美(Saudi Aramco)、中国石油天然气集团公司(CNPC)和美国埃克森美孚(ExxonMobil)等公司同意了这些目标。

The targets are the idea of an industry-led group, called the Oil and Gas Climate Initiative, or OGCI. Its 12 member companies are responsible for over 30 percent of the world's oil and gas production.

这些目标是由一个名为“石油和天然气气候倡议”(OGCI)的行业领导的组织提出的。该组织的12个成员公司占世界石油和天然气产量的30%以上。

The goals are based on what the OGCI members call "upstream carbon intensity." The target represents a reduction in production of between 36 and 52 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent by 2025, the OGCI said in a press release. The organization estimates the reduction would be equal to the carbon dioxide emissions resulting from energy use in 4 to 6 million homes.

这些目标基于OGCI成员公司所称的“上游碳强度”。OGCI在一份新闻稿中表示，这一目标意味着到2025年将减少3600 - 5200万公吨二氧化碳当量。该组织估计，减少的二氧化碳排放量将相当于400万至600万家庭使用能源所产生的二氧化碳排放量。

The intensity targets mean that total carbon emissions can still rise as production increases.

碳排放强度目标意味着，碳排放总量仍可能会随产量的增加而增加。

OGCI's chairman is Bob Dudley, a former chief of the London-based oil and gas company BP. He told Reuters news agency that while the agreement represents an important "milestone," it does not represent the end of efforts to reduce emission levels.

OGCI董事长鲍勃·达德利(Bob Dudley)是伦敦石油天然气公司英国石油(BP)的前首席执行官。他对路透社表示，尽管该协议代表着一个重要的“里程碑”，但并不代表减排努力的终点。

"We'll keep calibrating as we go forward," Dudley added.

“我们将在前进的过程中不断调整，”达德利补充道。

The agreement came after the OGCI's European members individually announced plans for even deeper cuts. Among the companies setting those targets were BP, Royal Dutch Shell and Total.

该协议是在OGCI的欧洲成员各自宣布进一步削减计划后达成的。制定这些目标的公司包括英国石油(BP)、荷兰皇家壳牌(Royal Dutch Shell)和道达尔公司(Total)。

The OGCI members agreed on a common methodology to measure carbon intensity. Dudley said the targets could be extended in the future to other areas, such as liquefied natural gas and refining operations.

OGCI成员就衡量碳强度的常规方法达成一致。达德利表示，未来这一目标可能会扩展到液化天然气和炼油业务等其他领域。

London-based research group Carbon Tracker dismissed the OGCI's claims that the targets met those of the 2015 Paris agreement to limit global warming.

总部位于伦敦的研究机构“碳追踪”组织(Carbon Tracker)驳斥了OGCI的说法，即这些目标达到了2015年《巴黎协定》中限制全球变暖的目标。

Carbon Tracker's Andrew Grant said in a statement that "Having some targets to reduce carbon pollution is better than none." But he added that the oil and gas industry can never be "aligned" with the Paris goals when the industry plans include continuous investment in fossil fuel production.

“碳追踪”组织的安德鲁·格兰特（Andrew Grant）在一份声明中表示：“关于一些减少碳污染的目标，有总比没有好。”但他补充说，如果油气行业计划包括对化石燃料生产的持续投资，那么油气行业永远不会与《巴黎协定》中的目标“保持一致”。

The announcement marks a major change for ExxonMobil, the largest oil company in the United States. Exxon has resisted pressure from investors to be more open about the environmental effects of its products. The company has yet to report its carbon emissions for 2019.

这一声明标志着美国最大石油公司埃克森美孚公司的重大变化。埃克森美孚顶住了投资者的压力，没有更大程度地披露其产品对环境的影响。该公司尚未公布2019年的碳排放量。

A spokesman for Exxon said it supports the OGCI targets and is "part of the industry's efforts to take practical, meaningful steps to reduce emissions."

埃克森美孚的一位发言人表示，该公司支持OGCI的目标，是“该行业采取切实可行、有意义的步骤来减少碳排放的一部分”。

The goals set by individual companies can differ widely in definition and structure, making comparisons difficult. But the targets of some individual OGCI members are already higher than those set in the new agreement.

各公司设定的目标在定义和结构上可能存在较大差异，因此很难进行比较。但OGCI一些成员的目标已经超出协议中新设定的目标。

OGCI said the group's collective carbon intensity would be reported once a year and the data would be examined by an independent group.

OGCI表示，该组织的集体碳强度将每年进行报告，数据将由一个独立组织进行审查。

I'm Bryan Lynn.

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Words in This Story

emission – n. the act of sending gas, heat or light out into the air

equivalent – adj. having the same amount, value, quality etc.

per – prep. used when expressing rates, prices or measurements

calibrate – v. to mark units of measurement on an instrument so that it can measure accurately

refine – v. make a substance pure by removing unwanted material

global warming – n. a gradual increase in world temperatures caused by gases such as carbon dioxide

align – v. support a particular group or cause

fossil fuel – n. a fuel, such as coal, oil, or natural gas, that is formed in the earth from dead plants or animals

practical – adj. relating to experience or real situations rather than ideas or imagination

data – n. information, especially facts or numbers, collected to be examined and considered in a decision-making process