纽约时报 贫困国家陷入新旧疫情的两面夹击(1)（在线收听）

New Virus Hastens Spread Of Old Preventable Illness

新病毒加速了传统可预防疾病的传播

By Jan Hoffman and Ruth Maclean

文/简·霍夫曼，露丝·麦克林

As poor countries around the world struggle to beat back the coronavirus,

世界各地的贫困国家现下都在忙着努力抗击新冠病毒，

they are unintentionally contributing to fresh explosions of illness and death from other diseases—

不想却助长了其他疾病——那些用疫苗就能有效预防的疾病——

ones that are readily prevented by vaccines.

引发的新增爆发和死亡。

This spring, after the World Health Organization and UNICEF warned that the pandemic could spread swiftly when children gathered for shots,

今年春天，由于世卫组织和联合国儿童基金会警告称，儿童聚集在一起接种疫苗会给新冠病毒带来迅速蔓延的可乘之机，

many countries suspended their inoculation programs.

许多国家便暂停了他们的疫苗接种计划。

Even in countries that tried to keep them going,

即便有些国家想继续开展疫苗接种工作也是无能为力，

cargo flights with vaccine supplies were halted by the pandemic and health workers diverted to fight it.

因为运输疫苗的货机航班已因疫情被叫停，医务工作者也已改道抗疫。

Now, diphtheria is appearing in Pakistan, Bangladesh and Nepal.

如今，巴基斯坦、孟加拉国和尼泊尔已经陆续爆发白喉症。

Cholera is in South Sudan, Cameroon, Mozambique, Yemen and Bangladesh.

南苏丹、喀麦隆、莫桑比克、也门和孟加拉国又发生了霍乱。

A mutated strain of poliovirus has been reported in more than 30 countries.

还有30多个国家都出现了一种脊髓灰质炎病毒变异株。

And measles is flaring around the globe, including in Bangladesh, Brazil, Cambodia,

麻疹也在全球大肆蔓延，孟加拉国，巴西，柬埔寨，

Central African Republic, Iraq, Kazakhstan, Nepal, Nigeria and Uzbekistan.

中非共和国、伊拉克、哈萨克斯坦、尼泊尔、尼日利亚和乌兹别克斯坦等国均已沦陷。

Of 29 countries that have currently suspended measles campaigns because of the pandemic, 18 are reporting outbreaks.

全球有29个国家因疫情暂停了麻疹接种活动，目前已有18个国家报告出现了麻疹疫情。

An additional 13 countries are considering postponement.

另有13个国家正在考虑推迟麻疹接种活动。

According to the Measles and Rubella Initiative,

麻疹和风疹倡议的数据显示，

178 million people are at risk of missing measles shots in 2020.

今年有1.78亿人面临错过接种麻疹疫苗的机会的风险。

The risk now is "an epidemic in a few months' time that will kill more children than Covid,"

若真的错过了，“那过不了几个月就会爆发麻疹疫情，到时候死亡的儿童人数将比新冠肺炎的死亡人数还要高，”

said Chibuzo Okonta, the president of Doctors Without Borders in West and Central Africa.

非洲中西部无国界医生组织主席奇布佐·奥孔塔说。

As the pandemic lingers, the W.H.O. and other international public health groups

疫情迟迟不结束，世卫组织及其他国际公共卫生组织

are now urging countries to carefully resume vaccination while contending with the coronavirus.

已经开始敦促各国一边抗击新冠病毒一边谨慎恢复疫苗接种工作。

At stake is the future of a hard-fought, 20-year collaboration

一群公共卫生学者组成的疫苗影响建模联盟于2019年展开的一项研究显示，

that has prevented 35 million deaths in 98 countries from vaccine-preventable diseases,

经过20年的艰难合作，我们好不容易才让98个国家的3500万人免于被疫苗就能有效预防的疾病缠身，

and reduced mortality from them in children by 44 percent,

将全球的儿童死亡率也降低了44%，

according to a 2019 study by the Vaccine Impact Modeling Consortium, a group of public health scholars.

此时选择两手抓，之前的努力就有付诸东流的风险。

"Immunization is one of the most powerful and fundamental disease prevention tools in the history of public health,"

“疫苗接种是公共卫生史上最有力也最基本的疾病预防手段之一。”

said Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, director general of the W.H.O., in a statement.

世卫组织总干事泰德罗斯·阿达诺姆·盖布赖斯博士在一份声明中说道。

"Disruption to immunization programs from the Covid-19 pandemic

“新冠疫情对疫苗接种计划的干扰

threatens to unwind decades of progress against vaccine-preventable diseases like measles."

可能会让数十年来我们在麻疹等疫苗可预防疾病防治方面取得的各种进展一夜回到解放前。”