华盛顿邮报 被免职学者指控哈佛向科技公司低头（5）（在线收听）

    Basically, hate works, and that is one reason that white supremacists have managed to get more adherents.

    总体而言，仇恨会起作用，这也是白人至上主义者成功获得许多追随者的原因之一。

    And, you know, in the olden days, when I was a newspaper reporter in North Carolina and there was a Klan march, 20 people showed up, and we wouldn't write about it.

    过去，当我在北卡罗来纳州做报社记者的时候，曾有三K党(Klan)游行，有20个人露面，那时我们不会对此进行讨论。

    And it's impossible to ignore now. These guys have a much bigger megaphone.

    但是现在已经无法忽视了。这些家伙拥有了一个更大的扩音器。

    And then some politicians will see that and they'll try to latch on to it.

    一些政客会注意到这个情况，他们会试图抓住不放。

    Can you talk about Joan Donovan's more recent research about the power of memes and also about her work on the Facebook Files as they're known?

    你能谈谈琼·多诺万最近关于网络模因力量的研究，以及她在众所周知的Facebook Files事件中所做的工作吗?

    Her major book right now is called "Meme Wars," and it's about this sort of conflict.

    她当前的主要著作是《模因战争》，讲的就是这种冲突。

    But we've thought a lot about memes and how memes become these important markers of which groups are winning culture wars, which groups' ideas are most visible in our society, and in particular, what we wanted to understand was how political campaigns were going to adapt to this new environment. So how...

    不过，我们已经思考了很多关于模因以及模因如何成为哪些群体赢得文化战争，哪些群体的想法在我们的社会中最明显的重要标志，特别是，我们想要了解的是政治活动将如何适应这种新环境。是如何……They're studying memes like Pepe the Frog, you know, an innocent-looking frog with human characteristics that became infused with, you know, alt-right meaning.

    他们正在研究像悲伤蛙(Pepe the Frog)这样的表情包（模因的一种表现形式）。悲伤蛙是一只看起来很无辜的青蛙，它具有人类特征，被灌输了另类右翼的含义。

    It became to mean anti-establishment, racist sentiment, and it was a way for alt-right people to recognize each other.

    悲伤蛙变成了反建制、种族主义情绪的代名词，也是另类右翼人士相互认可的一种方式。

    A popular cartoon character-turned-Internet meme, Pepe the Frog, has been added to the Anti-Defamation League's database of hate symbols.

    一个由大受欢迎的卡通角色转变而来的网络表情包悲伤蛙已被添加到反诽谤联盟建立的仇恨符号数据库中。

    In a press release, the organization wrote the character had been "used by haters on social media to suggest racist, anti-Semitic, or other bigoted notions as a hate symbol." That came after the frog...

    反诽谤联盟在一份新闻稿中写道，这个卡通角色“被社交媒体上的仇恨者用作仇恨符号，暗示种族主义、反犹太主义或其他偏执思想。” 那出现在悲伤蛙之后......

    It was a way that people could recognize each other, and it was humorous, but also went along with some racist stuff.

    这是一种人们互相认可的方式，颇具幽默感，但也伴随着一些种族主义的东西。

    And so it has become something that is necessary to study.

    悲伤蛙表情包已经成为一种必须研究的内容。

    Like, how do these memes evolve? How do they spread? Who's behind them?

    这些表情包是如何发展演变的? 它们是如何传播的? 它们的幕后黑手是谁?

    And so that's the sort of work she's been doing.

    这就是她(琼·多诺万)一直在做的工作。

    And then the biggie and something that might have played a role in her dismissal -- she says it was -- was a project called the Facebook Files or the Facebook Papers.

    她说可能导致她被解雇的重要原因是一个名为Facebook Files(亦称为Facebook Papers)的项目。

    These were contributed by a whistleblower named Frances Haugen, who worked for Facebook and was allowed to access reams and reams of documents, not all of which she read, but she downloaded them.

    这些都是由一个名叫弗朗西丝·豪根的检举者提供的。弗朗西丝曾是Facebook的员工，被允许访问大量的文件，她并没有阅读所有的文件，而是把它们都下载了下来。

    They showed that Meta knew that 1/3 of teenage girls felt worse about their bodies if they spent time on Instagram.

    文件显示，Meta公司(Facebook母公司)知道，如果十几岁的女孩花时间在Instagram上浏览，那么她们中有三分之一会对自己的身体感觉更糟。

    You know, it showed that they knew that falsehoods were spreading, that they conducted these experiments.

    文件显示Meta公司知道谎言正在传播，而且他们进行了相关实验。

    And Joan Donovan was the first academic to get her hands on the documents.

    琼·多诺万是第一个将这些文件拿到手的学者。