VOA慢速英语2016--咖啡可能有利于长寿

咖啡可能有利于长寿

From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.

这里是美国之音健康与生活方式报道。

Today we have more good news for all our coffee drinkers around the world. Another new study finds that drinking coffee can help you live longer.

今天我们给全世界喝咖啡的人带来更多好消息，另一个新研究表明喝咖啡可以长寿。

Researchers at the Harvard School of Public Health recently discovered that drinking between three and five cups of coffee a day may prevent certain illnesses. They found that coffee can protect against heart disease, brain diseases, type 2 diabetes¹ and suicide.

哈佛大学公共卫生学院的研究者发现，一天喝三到五杯咖啡能预防一些疾病，他们发现咖啡能预防心脏病、大脑疾病、二型糖尿病和自杀。

Walter Willett is a nutrition researcher at Harvard and co-author of the study. Willet says the findings extend to both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee – or decaf, as Americans often call it.

沃特·威里特是哈佛的一位营养研究员兼这份研究的合作者，他说这些发现涉及所有含咖啡因和不含咖啡因的咖啡。

So, the health benefits come not just from the caffeine in coffee, but from the compounds in the beans.

因此，其中的健康益处并非来自咖啡里的咖啡因，而是来自咖啡豆中的化合物。

Study methods

The large study of about 200,000 subjects included data from three ongoing² studies. Subjects in the study had to answer questions about their coffee drinking habits every four years over a 30-year period.

这项大型研究涉及三个正在进行的研究中的大约20万个研究对象，该研究的受试者必须在三十年间每四年回答一次有关自身咖啡饮用习惯的问题。

Researchers found that moderate coffee drinking was linked with a reduced risk of death from many diseases. These diseases include cardiovascular disease, diabetes, neurological diseases such as Parkinson's, and suicide.

研究者发现适度饮用咖啡能导致诸多疾病致死风险下降，这些疾病包括心血管疾病、糖尿病、帕金森氏症等神经疾病，以及自杀。

However, the researchers found no link between coffee drinking and cancer.

然而，研究者发现饮用咖啡和癌症之间没有关联。

Researchers also considered other habits such as smoking, obesity³, and how active the subjects were. They also looked at what kinds of food the subjects ate, as well as how much alcohol -- and what type of alcohol -- they drank.

研究者还考虑了其他习惯，比如吸烟、肥胖和受试者的活跃程度，还调查了受试者的食物，饮用多少酒以及酒的类型。

They published their findings in the journal Circulation.

他们的研究结果发表在《血液循环》期刊上。

All things in moderation

This Harvard research adds to a growing body of evidence. This body of evidence finds drinking a moderate of coffee may have many health benefits, including a longer life. This is according to one of the researchers involved in the study.

哈佛的这项研究还提供了越来越多的证据，这些证据发现饮用适量的咖啡可能带来很多健康益处，包括长寿，这是参与研究的其中一位研究者所说的。

Frank Hu is senior author of the study. He is also a professor of nutrition and epidemiology. He studies how food affects illness.

弗兰克·胡适这份研究的资深作者，他还是营养学和流行病学教授，他研究食物如何影响疾病。

Hu adds that data from the study support the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory⁴ Report. This report found that drinking a moderate amount of coffee can be part of a healthy diet.

他说这项研究的数据支持了2015年饮食指南咨询报告的观点，这份报告发现适度饮用咖啡可以成为健康食谱的一部分。

But how much and when you drink coffee is important.

但是饮用的量和时间很重要。

You may remember another study we reported on recently. That study said drinking coffee too late in the evening can disrupt your sleep.

你可能还记得我们最近报道的另一项研究，那项研究称晚上太晚喝咖啡会影响睡眠。

Questions

Not everyone feels the recent Harvard study confirms anything.

不是所有人都认为最近的哈佛研究能证明什么。

The news organization NPR spoke⁵ with one expert who warns that not everyone reacts to coffee the same way. Andrew Maynard of Arizona State University told NPR that the health benefits documented in this new study are "small."

美国全国公共广播电台(NPR)采访了一位专家，这位专家警告称不是每个人对咖啡的反应都一样，亚利桑那州州立大学的安德鲁·梅纳德告诉NPR，这项新研究中记录的健康益处很小。

Maynard says the study does not prove cause and effect between drinking coffee and living longer. He says the study points to an association, or link, between drinking coffee and living longer.

梅纳德说这项研究并不能证明喝咖啡和长寿之间存在因果关系，他说这项研究只是指出喝咖啡和长寿之间的一个关联。

Even those involved in the research still have questions.

即使是参与研究者也仍有疑问。

When NPR spoke with study co-author Walter Willett, he said he is not sure how coffee is linked to certain health benefits.

当NPR采访联合作者沃特·威里特时，他说他不确定咖啡如何与一定的健康益处有关联。

 

Willett says the take-home message – in other words, the important thing to learn – is that if you like coffee, do not feel guilty about drinking it in moderation. If you don't like coffee, don't feel you have to start drinking it to be healthy.

威里特说关键信息是，也就是要学到的重要一点是，如果你喜欢咖啡，不必为了适度饮用而感到内疚，如果你不喜欢喝，也不需要为了健康而开始喝。

1 diabetes   

n.糖尿病

参考例句：

• In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar.对于糖尿病患者，医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
• Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。

2 ongoing   

adj.进行中的，前进的

参考例句：

• The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
• The issues raised in the report relate directly to Age Concern's ongoing work in this area.报告中提出的问题与“关心老人”组织在这方面正在做的工作有直接的关系。

3 obesity   

n.肥胖，肥大

参考例句：

• One effect of overeating may be obesity.吃得过多能导致肥胖。
• Sugar and fat can more easily lead to obesity than some other foods.糖和脂肪比其他食物更容易导致肥胖。

4 advisory   

adj.劝告的，忠告的，顾问的，提供咨询

参考例句：

• I have worked in an advisory capacity with many hospitals.我曾在多家医院做过顾问工作。
• He was appointed to the advisory committee last month.他上个月获任命为顾问委员会委员。

5 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。