史密森民间文化节

70 史密森民间文化节

DATE=7-16-01
TITLE=THIS IS AMERICA #1073 - Smithsonian Folklife Festival
BYLINE=Nancy Steinbach, Paul Thompson

VOICE ONE:
The (1)Smithsonian Institution in Washington¹ D.C. is famous around the world.  Each summer, the Smithsonian (2)organizes a celebration² of (3)cultural (4)traditions.  It is called the Smithsonian Folklife Festival.  I'm Sarah Long.
VOICE TWO:
And I'm Shirley Griffith.  We tell about the recent Smithsonian Folklife Festival on our report today on the VOA Special English program, THIS IS AMERICA.
((THEME))
VOICE ONE:
Visitors to Washington usually spend some time on the open grassy³ area called the National Mall.  The United⁴ States Capitol building is at the east end of the Mall.  The monument⁵ honoring⁶ America's sixteenth president, Abraham Lincoln, is at the west end.  Museums and Smithsonian Institution buildings are on the north and south sides of the Mall.
Usually, the Mall is a place where people walk, sit or play.  But for ten days each summer, part of the area is crowded with unusual sights, sounds and smells.  That is when the Smithsonian holds its Folklife Festival.  Today, we bring you some of these sights and sounds.
((CUT 1: CHINESE OPERA MUSIC))
VOICE TWO:
 That is the sound of Chinese (5)classical music (6)performed at the Smithsonian Folklife Festival this year. It was just one of many kinds of music that Festival visitors enjoyed.
People have been visiting The Smithsonian Folklife Festival each summer for the past thirty-five years.  The word folklife (7)describes the cultural traditions of a people.  It includes their music and art. Their stories and celebrations⁷.  The things they make for their homes and to sell.
 These cultural traditions are passed from old people to the young.  Few traditions are taught in schools.  Young people learn them from living within a cultural group.
The Smithsonian Institution's Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage⁸ organized the festival.  It ended on July eighth.  Each festival is about different cultures and people.  This year, the festival presented the cultures of New York City and the islands of (8)Bermuda.
VOICE ONE:
Bermuda includes more than three-hundred islands in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean.  About sixty-three-thousand people live on twenty of the islands.  One of these islands is also called Bermuda.  About four-hundred-thousand people visit that island each year.  (9)Presentations at the Folklife Festival showed some of what those visitors see.
Three-hundred artists and crafts⁹ workers showed the different kinds of work performed by people in Bermuda.  These included a (10)beekeeper and his bees and boat builders with their boats.  One grassy area of the Mall was covered with small Bermudan boats and flowers common in the islands.  Bermudan (11)athletes played (12)cricket while (13)announcers explained the sport and told stories about it.  Visitors saw a small Bermudan house.  They learned¹⁰ about weddings and preparing food.  A large tent sold traditional food from Bermuda.
On the musical stage, Bermudan musicians performed native music.  These included Bermudan (14)jazz, (15)religious songs, (16)calypso and (17)reggae.  Here the calypso group called the Bermudan (18)Strollers performs the song  "Don't Worry, Be Happy."
 ((CUT 2: DON'T WORRY, BE HAPPY))
VOICE TWO:
New York City was the other culture (19)represented¹¹ at the Folklife Festival.  Festival officials decided¹² to show the city as its own people see it.   So the festival included people who (20)demonstrated¹³ how (21)stocks and (22)bonds are bought and sold on Wall Street in the financial area of New York.  The festival also included explanations and (23)demonstrations of the different kinds of (24)transportation used in New York. Visitors saw an underground rail car or subway. They also saw a taxicab and a city bus.  New York City bus driver Tony Palombella told stories about his eighteen years driving a bus in New York.  And he cooked some Italian food at the festival, too.  He learned to cook Italian food from his mother. 
VOICE ONE:
Another kind of food that is culturally linked to New York City is the (25)bagel. A bagel is a thick, round piece of bread with a hole in the middle.  Old stories say the bagel was first developed in Poland and brought to New York by Polish¹⁴ Jews¹⁵.  Bagels have become (26)extremely (27)popular in the United States. You can buy them just about anywhere in the country today.  But many Americans say the best bagels are made and sold in New York City.
Steve Ross probably would agree.   He has owned a bagel shop in New York for more than sixty years.  At the Folklife Festival, he demonstrated how to make bagels and another kind of bread, a (28)bialy.  A bialy is also a round piece of bread, but it is thinner than a bagel and has no hole in the middle.  Instead, it has (29)onions in the middle. 
VOICE TWO:
The Folklife Festival representation¹⁶ of New York City was really a celebration of many different cultures.  Each culture represented a group of people who came to the United States from a different country and settled¹⁷ in New York City.  These people include (30)Greeks, Indians, Chinese, (31)Albanians, (32)Caribbeans, Africans, Europeans, (33)Lebanese, (34)Ukrainians and many others.
The Festival presented music of these different groups.  Many New Yorkers still perform and enjoy this music as a way of keeping their culture alive.  Here is an example - (35)Romanian-(36)Gypsy music.
 ((CUT 3: MILLINO KOLO))
VOICE ONE:
Artists were also represented in the New York celebration at the Folklife Festival.  One group is called Tats Cru.  It is a six-person (37)graffiti organization.  Graffiti is artwork painted on the subway cars in New York. (38)Teenagers would paint the cars and the station walls with bright colors, words and pictures.  Such graffiti has been (39)illegal in New York for many years. 
The three founding members of Tats Cru started painting graffiti in New York twenty years ago.  Tats Cru is now a legal¹⁸ business.  It paints pictures on buildings.  The artists have worked in the United States, Canada and Europe.  At the Folklife Festival, they painted a large picture on a special wall.
VOICE TWO:
The musical shows presented on (40)Broadway in New York were also represented at the Smithsonian Folklife Festival.  People who make clothes for performers¹⁹ in Broadway shows demonstrated their skills.  So did a (41)theatrical (42)wig maker²⁰, a person who makes false hair for people acting²¹ in plays. Actors and singers showed how a Broadway musical is prepared.  We leave you now with some music from that show, "Guys and Dolls". 
((CUT 4: GUYS ANDS DOLLS OVERTURE²² INSTEAD OF CLOSING THEME))
VOICE ONE:
This program was written by Nancy Steinbach and Paul Thompson.  It was produced by George Grow.  I'm Sarah Long.
VOICE TWO:
And I'm Shirley Griffith. Join us again next week for another report about life in the United States on the VOA Special English program, THIS IS AMERICA.
((OUT ON GUYS AND DOLLS))

(1)Smithsonian Institution史密森学会
(2)organize  [ 5C:^Enaiz ] vt.组织
(3)cultural  [5kQltFEr(E)l] adj.文化的
(4)tradition  [ trE5diFEn ] n.传统, 惯例
(5)classical [ 5klAsikEl ] adj.古典的
(6)perform [ pE5fC:m ] vt.表演, 演出
(7)describe [ dis5kraib ] v.描述
(8)Bermuda [ bE(:)5mju:dE ] n.百慕大群岛(北大西洋西部群岛)
(9)presentation [ 7prezen5teiFEn ]n.介绍
(10)beekeeper n.养蜂人
(11)athlete [ 5AWli:t ] n.运动员, 运动选手
(12)cricket [ 5krikit ] n. [运动]板球
(13)announcer [ E5naunsE ] n.广播员, 告知者, 报幕员
(14)jazz [ dVAz ] n.(20世纪产生于美国的一种舞曲性音乐)爵士乐
(15)religious [ ri5lidVEs ] adj.宗教上的
(16)calypso [ kE5lipsEu ] n.卡里普索(特立尼达岛上土人即兴演唱的歌曲)
(17)reggae [ 5re7^ei ] n. 瑞格舞（西印度群岛的一种舞蹈及舞曲）
(18)stroller [ 5strEulE ] n.散步者, 流浪者
(19)represent [ 7ri:pri5zent ] vt. 再上演
(20)demonstrate [ 5demEnstreit ] vt.示范
(21)stock [ stCk ] n. 股票
(22)bond [ bCnd ] n. 债券
(23)demonstration [ 7demEns5treiFEn ] n.示范, 实证
(24)transportation [ 7trAnspC:5teiFEn ] n.运输, 运送
(25)bagel [ 5bei^l ] n.百吉饼(先蒸后烤的发面圈)
(26)extremely [ iks5tri:mli ] adv.极端地, 非常地
(27)popular [ 5pCpjulE ] adj.受欢迎的
(28)bialy [ bi5B:li ] <美>比亚利碎洋葱面包卷
(29)onion [ 5QnjEn ] n.洋葱
(30)Greek [ ^ri:k ] n.希腊人
(31)Albanian [ Al5beinjEn ] n. 阿尔巴尼亚人
(32)Caribbean [ kAri5bi(:)En ] n.加勒比海人
(33)Lebanese [ 7lebE5ni:z ] n.黎巴嫩人
(34)Ukrainian [ ju(:)5kreinjEn ] n.乌克兰人
(35)Romanian [rEJ5meInIEn] n.罗马尼亚人
(36)Gypsy [ 5dVipsi ] n.吉普赛人
(37)graffiti [ ^rE5fi:tEu ] n.一种雕刻艺术
(38) teenager [ 5ti:n7eidVE ] n.十几岁的青少年
(39)illegal [ i5li:^El ] adj.违法的
(40)Broadway [ 5brC:dwei ] n. 百老汇
(41)theatrical [ Wi5AtrikEl ] adj.戏剧性的
(42)wig [ wi^ ] n.假发

1 Washington   

n.华盛顿特区(是美国首都)

参考例句：

• His birthplace is Washington,but he lives in San Francisco.他出生于华盛顿，但住在旧金山。
• They, together with my father,have gone to Washington.他们和我父亲一起去华盛顿了。

2 celebration   

n.庆祝，庆祝会；典礼

参考例句：

• The celebration passed off successfully.庆祝活动圆满结束。
• The celebration of Christmas is a custom.庆祝圣诞节是一种习俗。

3 grassy   

adj.盖满草的；长满草的

参考例句：

• They sat and had their lunch on a grassy hillside.他们坐在长满草的山坡上吃午饭。
• Cattle move freely across the grassy plain.牛群自由自在地走过草原。

4 united   

adj.和谐的；团结的；联合的，统一的

参考例句：

• The whole nation is closely united.全国人民紧密团结。
• The two men were united by community of interests.共同的利益使两个人结合在一起。

5 monument   

n.纪念碑；遗址，遗迹；有永久价值的作品，不朽的功业

参考例句：

• A monument was set up as a memorial to the dead soldiers.为阵亡将士立了一个纪念碑。
• The monument bears the mark of age.纪念碑上有年深日久的痕迹。

6 honoring   

v.尊敬，给以荣誉( honor的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• They sat in silence, honoring the clan Jordache for a moment. 他们默默地坐了一会儿，对乔达虚家族表示了一番敬意。 来自辞典例句
• Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check. 美国没有履行这项神圣的义务，只是给黑人开了一张空头支票。 来自辞典例句

7 celebrations   

n.庆祝( celebration的名词复数 )；庆祝会（仪式）

参考例句：

• The mayor was there to dignify the celebrations. 市长的光临为庆祝活动增辉。
• Queen Victoria's Golden Jubilee celebrations 维多利亚女王登基50周年庆典

8 heritage   

n.传统，遗产，继承物

参考例句：

• The ancient buildings are part of the national heritage.这些古建筑是民族遗产的一部分。
• We Chinese have a great cultural heritage.我们中国人有伟大的文化遗产。

9 crafts   

n.工艺( craft的名词复数 )；行业；飞机；飞行器

参考例句：

• traditional crafts like basket-weaving 像编篮子之类的传统工艺
• an arts and crafts emporium 工艺品商店

10 learned   

adj.有学问的，博学的；learn的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• He went into a rage when he learned about it.他听到这事后勃然大怒。
• In this little village,he passed for a learned man.在这个小村子里，他被视为有学问的人。

11 represented   

v.表现( represent的过去式和过去分词 )；代表；体现；作为…的代表

参考例句：

• The number 107 is represented in hexadecimal as 6B. 107这个数用十六进制表示为6B。
• Women are under-represented at senior levels in business. 商界高层的女性代表不足。

12 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

13 demonstrated   

举行示威游行（或集会）( demonstrate的过去式和过去分词 )； 示范。展示； 显示； 论证

参考例句：

• All of those demonstrated the correctness of his analysis. 这一切都证明了他分析的正确性。
• The fireman demonstrated great courage in saving the child. 那位消防队员在抢救孩子的过程中，表现了极大的勇气。

14 polish   

vt.修正；文饰；（涂蜡等）打光滑；使（人、举止、仪表等）变得优雅；n.擦亮剂；擦亮，磨光；优美，优雅，精良；adj.使完美，使优美，使精炼；vi.得到改进，变得完美

参考例句：

• I'm going to New York,so I must polish up my English.我要去纽约，因此我必须提高英语水平。
• The wood won't polish.这种木材无法磨光。

15 Jews   

n.犹太教徒( Jew的名词复数 )；犹太人

参考例句：

• Hitler's original plan was to kill off all the German Jews. 希特勒的最初打算是杀光德国所有的犹太人。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• For two millennia, exogamy was a major transgression for Jews. 两千年来，异族通婚一直是犹太人的一大禁忌。 来自《简明英汉词典》

16 representation   

n.表现某人（或某事物）的东西，图画，雕塑

参考例句：

• The painting is a representation of a storm at sea.这幅画描绘的是海上的暴风雨。
• All parties won representation in the national assembly.所有政党在国民大会中都赢得了代表资格。

17 settled   

a.固定的；稳定的

参考例句：

• The dispute was settled without acrimony. 没有唇枪舌剑，这场纠纷就解决了。
• a settled way of life 安定的生活方式

18 legal   

adj.法律的，依照法律的，合法的，法定的，正当的

参考例句：

• He is my legal adviser.他是我的法律顾问。
• This is partly a political and partly a legal question.这个问题部分是政治问题，部分是法律问题。

19 performers   

n.演出者( performer的名词复数 )；演奏者；表演者；履行者

参考例句：

• The boss kissed the other performers off as mere amateurs. 老板认为其他的演员只有业余水平而把他们打发掉了。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• They manage to sign up all the best performers. 他们设法跟所有最佳演员签订合同。 来自《简明英汉词典》

20 maker   

n.制造者，制造商

参考例句：

• He is a trouble maker，You must be distant with him.他是个捣蛋鬼，你不要跟他在一起。
• A cabinet maker must be a master craftsman.家具木工必须是技艺高超的手艺人。

21 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

22 overture   

n.前奏曲、序曲，提议，提案，初步交涉

参考例句：

• The opera was preceded by a short overture.这部歌剧开始前有一段简短的序曲。
• His overture led to nothing.他的提议没有得到什么结果。