Brain Disorders

61 有待重视的脑部疾病

DATE=6-25-01
TITLE=DEVELOPMENT REPORT - Brain Disorders¹
BYLINE=Jill Moss²

(Start at 59")This is Bill White with the VOA Special English Development Report.
An international (1) committee of doctors says that the number of cases of brain diseases in developing countries is rising. The doctors were reporting the information for the United States National (2) Academy of Sciences.
They say that brain diseases affect at least two-hundred-fifty-million people in the developing world.These diseases include (3) strokes, (4) epilepsy and (5) mental sicknesses such as (6) schizophrenia and (7) depression. They also include (8) abnormal development of the nervous system, which causes mental slowness and (9) cerebral³ palsy.
Richard Johnson of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland was one of the leaders of the committee. He says poor countries usually do not have the resources to deal with brain diseases. This is because most developing countries are already struggling with food problems, the spread of (10) infectious diseases and child health (11) issues.
Srinivasa Murthy also served on the committee. She works for the National Institute of Mental Health and (12) Neurosciences in India. She criticized the lack of international interest in brain diseases. For example, Doctor Murthy says fifty percent of all countries have no policies about brain diseases. In addition, she says health care centers in forty percent of the world's countries do not offer common (13) drugs to treat brain diseases.
Doctor Murthy says there are two reasons for this. One is a lack of money. The other is a lack of human resources. For example, a recent study shows most developing countries do not have enough doctors who treat mental sicknesses. Another (14) barrier to action against brain diseases is the unfair way in which the public acts toward (15) victims. Many victims of brain diseases are treated poorly.
The committee says there are (16) effective and low cost medical treatments for these diseases. Yet these treatments are not often provided in developing countries. The committee says more treatments should be offered to poor countries.
It says health care systems in developing countries should provide mental health services for their people. The committee says efforts should be made to increase public understanding of brain diseases.
Finally, the committee says national research programs should be (17) established to study brain diseases.
This VOA Special English Development Report was written by Jill Moss. And This is Bill White.

(1) committee [ kE5miti ] n.委员会
(2) academy [ E5kAdEmi ] n.(高等)专科院校, 研究院, 学会, 学术团体, 学院
(3 stroke [ strEuk ] n.击, 敲, 报时的钟声, 一次努力, 打击 vt.抚摸
(4) epilepsy [ 5epilepsi ] n.[医]癫痫症
(5) mental [ 5mentl ] adj.精神的, 智力的
(6) schizophrenia [ 7skizEu5fri:niE ] n.[心]精神分裂症
(7) depression [ di5preFEn ] n.沮丧, 消沉, 低气压, 低压
(8) abnormal [ Ab5nC:mEl ] adj.反常的, 变态的
(9) cerebral palsy n.〈医〉大脑性麻痹
(10) infectious [ in5fekFEs ] adj.有传染性的, 易传染的, 有感染力的
(11) issue [ 5isju: ] n.出版, 发行, (报刊等)期、号, 论点, 问题, 结果, (水, 血等的)流出 vi.发行, 流出, 造成...结果, 进行辩护, 传下 vt.使流出, 放出, 发行(钞票等), 发布(命令), 出版(书等)发给
(12) neuroscience [ 7njuErEu5saiEns ] n.神经系统科学( 指神经病学、 神经化学等)
(13) drug [ drQ^ ] n.药, 麻药, 麻醉药, 滞销货 vi.<俗> 吸毒 vt.使服毒品, 毒化
(14) barrier [ 5bAriE ] n.(阻碍通道的)障碍物, 栅栏, 屏障
(15) victim [ 5viktim ] n.受害人, 牺牲者, 牺牲品
(16) effective [ i5fektiv ] adj.有效的, 被实施的, 给人深刻印象, 有生力量
(17) establish [ is5tAbliF ] vt.建立, 设立, 安置, 使定居, 使人民接受, 确定 v.建立

 

1 disorders   

n.混乱( disorder的名词复数 )；凌乱；骚乱；（身心、机能）失调

参考例句：

• Reports of anorexia and other eating disorders are on the increase. 据报告，厌食症和其他饮食方面的功能紊乱发生率正在不断增长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The announcement led to violent civil disorders. 这项宣布引起剧烈的骚乱。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 moss   

n.苔，藓，地衣

参考例句：

• Moss grows on a rock.苔藓生在石头上。
• He was found asleep on a pillow of leaves and moss.有人看见他枕着树叶和苔藓睡着了。

3 cerebral   

adj.脑的，大脑的；有智力的，理智型的

参考例句：

• Your left cerebral hemisphere controls the right-hand side of your body.你的左半脑控制身体的右半身。
• He is a precise,methodical,cerebral man who carefully chooses his words.他是一个一丝不苟、有条理和理智的人，措辞谨慎。