国际组织动向—联合国调查苏丹的人权侵犯问题

UN Reviewing Human Rights Violations¹ in Sudan

联合国调查苏丹的人权侵犯问题

 

U.N. Special Advisor² on the Prevention of Genocide, Juan Mendez, says the situation in the war-torn Darfur region remains³ serious.

 

Mr. Mendez says there is a disconnect between promises made by the Sudanese government to calm the violence, and gains that have actually been made on the ground.

 

Mr. Mendez told reporters in Khartoum that nearly all African villages in the region have been destroyed, and that killing⁴, rape⁵ and lawlessness continue. New problems have also arisen in the troubled area, threatening the lives of displaced people, known as IDP's.

 

Mr. Mendez: IDP's living in camps still are subject to attacks. A new development seems to be the incursion of armed elements into IDP camps. Insecurity, particularly along the perimeter⁶ of the camps, is of particular concern, with little discernible effort to correct the situation on the part of the authorities. The rape of women who leave the camp to collect firewood continues to be much too prevalent.

 

Mr. Mendez said due to the continuing violence, there is a deep level of mistrust between displaced persons and Sudanese security forces.

 

The two-and-a-half-year conflict began when Darfuri rebels rose against the northern government. A scorched⁸ earth campaign undertaken by government-backed Arab militias⁹ called Janjaweed, has resulted in the deaths of about 200,000 people with two million more displaced.

 

Disarming¹⁰ the Janjaweed was seen as a key component¹¹ of ending the violence. Mr. Mendez said the Janjaweed have not been disarmed¹².

 

Mr. Mendez: The most we know is that some weapons have been produced. But it is not clear that an organized fighting force is no longer active. On the contrary, we heard credible¹³ reports that, not only are they still very highly organized, but that they may be able to obtain cards assimilating them to the security forces, so that they will be treated as security forces, official security forces, and thereby¹⁴ escape serious investigation¹⁵.

 

Mr. Mendez added he is disappointed in efforts of a special Sudanese criminal court to try perpetrators of the violence. He says that court has focused mainly on low-level criminals, who could be tried in ordinary courts.

 

The United States has termed the violence in Darfur genocide. The United Nations has refrained from using the controversial term.

 

Negotiations¹⁶ between Darfuri rebel groups and the Sudanese government are underway in Abuja, Nigeria.

 

Noel King, VOA News, Khartoum.

 

注释：

Khartoum 喀士穆

incursion [in5kE:FEn] n. 袭击，侵入

perimeter [pE5rimitE] n. 周围，周界

discernible [di5sE:nEbl] adj. 可辨别的

mistrust [5mis5trQst] n. 不信任，猜疑

scorch⁷ [skC:tF] v. 烧焦，枯萎

Janjaweed 贾贾威德民兵队

component [kEm5pEunEnt] n. 成分，要素

assimilate [E5simileit] v. 吸收

perpetrator [5pE:pitreitE] n. 犯罪者，作恶者

refrain [ri5frein] vi. 抑制，避免

1 violations   

违反( violation的名词复数 )； 冒犯； 违反（行为、事例）； 强奸

参考例句：

• This is one of the commonest traffic violations. 这是常见的违反交通规则之例。
• These violations of the code must cease forthwith. 这些违犯法规的行为必须立即停止。

2 advisor   

n.顾问，指导老师，劝告者

参考例句：

• They employed me as an advisor.他们聘请我当顾问。
• The professor is engaged as a technical advisor.这位教授被聘请为技术顾问。

3 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

4 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

5 rape   

n.抢夺，掠夺，强奸；vt.掠夺，抢夺，强奸

参考例句：

• The rape of the countryside had a profound ravage on them.对乡村的掠夺给他们造成严重创伤。
• He was brought to court and charged with rape.他被带到法庭并被指控犯有强奸罪。

6 perimeter   

n.周边，周长，周界

参考例句：

• The river marks the eastern perimeter of our land.这条河标示我们的土地东面的边界。
• Drinks in hands,they wandered around the perimeter of the ball field.他们手里拿着饮料在球场周围漫不经心地遛跶。

7 scorch   

v.烧焦，烤焦；高速疾驶；n.烧焦处，焦痕

参考例句：

• I could not wash away the mark of the scorch.我洗不掉这焦痕。
• This material will scorch easily if it is too near the fire.这种材料如果太靠近炉火很容易烤焦。

8 scorched   

烧焦，烤焦( scorch的过去式和过去分词 )； 使（植物）枯萎，把…晒枯； 高速行驶； 枯焦

参考例句：

• I scorched my dress when I was ironing it. 我把自己的连衣裙熨焦了。
• The hot iron scorched the tablecloth. 热熨斗把桌布烫焦了。

9 militias   

n.民兵组织，民兵( militia的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The troops will not attempt to disarm the warring militias. 部队并不打算解除战斗中的民兵武装。 来自辞典例句
• The neighborhood was a battleground for Shiite and Sunni militias. 那里曾是什叶派和逊尼派武装分子的战场。 来自互联网

10 disarming   

adj.消除敌意的，使人消气的v.裁军( disarm的现在分词 )；使息怒

参考例句：

• He flashed her a disarming smile. 他朝她笑了一下，让她消消气。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• We will agree to disarming troops and leaving their weapons at military positions. 我们将同意解除军队的武装并把武器留在军事阵地。 来自辞典例句

11 component   

n.组成部分，成分，元件；adj.组成的，合成的

参考例句：

• Each component is carefully checked before assembly.每个零件在装配前都经过仔细检查。
• Blade and handle are the component parts of a knife.刀身和刀柄是一把刀的组成部分。

12 disarmed   

v.裁军( disarm的过去式和过去分词 )；使息怒

参考例句：

• Most of the rebels were captured and disarmed. 大部分叛乱分子被俘获并解除了武装。
• The swordsman disarmed his opponent and ran him through. 剑客缴了对手的械，并对其乱刺一气。 来自《简明英汉词典》

13 credible   

adj.可信任的，可靠的

参考例句：

• The news report is hardly credible.这则新闻报道令人难以置信。
• Is there a credible alternative to the nuclear deterrent?是否有可以取代核威慑力量的可靠办法？

14 thereby   

adv.因此，从而

参考例句：

• I have never been to that city,,ereby I don't know much about it.我从未去过那座城市，因此对它不怎么熟悉。
• He became a British citizen,thereby gaining the right to vote.他成了英国公民，因而得到了投票权。

15 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

16 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。