2007年VOA标准英语-Religious Tolerance Facing Test in Britain

By Mandy Clark
London
10 August 2007
 

Religious tolerance¹ in Britain is getting put to the test, following two attempted car bombings earlier this summer. All the suspects are Muslims. A separate protest movement by young Muslim women only adds to increased tensions between many Britons and minority Muslims. Mandy Clark explains.

It is an issue shrouded² in controversy³. The niqab, Islam's full-face veil, is surging in popularity among British Muslims. Many non-Muslims see it as a rejection⁴ of Western culture, others as a form of radicalism⁵.

Christopher Doyle, from the Council of British-Arab Understanding, says it is neither. “Increasingly in communities, not just in Britain -- in Europe, in the Middle East and elsewhere -- they feel that Islam is under threat and being demeaned particularly in the West. They wear it actually to say, 'I'm proud of being a Muslim.’ “

Britain's Office of National Statistics says there are about two million Muslims living in Britain, making Islam the country's second-most popular faith.

The Muslim Council of Britain says the community has come under growing scrutiny⁷ since the 2005 London terrorist bombings and attempted terror attacks this summer in Glasgow and London.

British politicians have gone on the offensive. The justice minister calls the niqab "a barrier to communication," and former Prime Minister Tony Blair, "a mark of separation." In March, the government gave local school administrators⁸ the authority to ban students from wearing full-face Muslim veils.

The London think-tank Policy Exchange says an increasing number of Muslims see it as a statement, showing their opposition⁹ to government policies, particularly the war in Iraq.

Mahjabeen Khan started wearing the niqab in university. She says more and more Muslim women are reaching for the veil.  "Since the terror attacks in America and in the U.K., I think a lot of people have embraced wearing the hijab and the niqab because they are proud to say they are Muslims." 

And it is largely young women who are choosing to cover themselves, says veil vendor¹⁰, Yasmin Salaam¹¹. "Such negativity that you get from a lot of people, for example the media, it does encourage a lot more unity⁶ amongst young people to actually do the opposite, to put the veil on and the niqab, and to actually make a statement."

But not all Muslims support the trend. Author and poet Shusha Guppy says it sickens her. "I would like to go to those girls and say this is not a symbol of difference or identity, it is simply a symbol of oppression. The generations of my mother fought with their lives to get rid of this dreadful symbol, and you want to put it back on voluntarily? It's insane, it's giving ammunition¹² to the enemies of Islam."

Another Muslim woman, Shah Rokh Hussein, agrees. She says the veil is not a symbol of her faith.  "What I do disapprove¹³ of is sometimes very aggressive militant¹⁴ groups present it as something that is very much part of the religion of Islam, when it actually isn't. "

The wide diversity of Muslim followers¹⁵ means the different sects¹⁶ of Islam often do not see eye to eye. The Muslim Council of Britain says education and dialogue are needed to not only promote understanding between the various Islamic groups but also to repair relations with the non-Muslim community. And it says that until that happens, there will be suspicion on all sides.

1 tolerance   

n.宽容；容忍，忍受；耐药力；公差

参考例句：

• Tolerance is one of his strengths.宽容是他的一个优点。
• Human beings have limited tolerance of noise.人类对噪音的忍耐力有限。

2 shrouded   

v.隐瞒( shroud的过去式和过去分词 )；保密

参考例句：

• The hills were shrouded in mist . 这些小山被笼罩在薄雾之中。
• The towers were shrouded in mist. 城楼被蒙上薄雾。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 controversy   

n.争论，辩论，争吵

参考例句：

• That is a fact beyond controversy.那是一个无可争论的事实。
• We ran the risk of becoming the butt of every controversy.我们要冒使自己在所有的纷争中都成为众矢之的的风险。

4 rejection   

n.拒绝，被拒，抛弃，被弃

参考例句：

• He decided not to approach her for fear of rejection.他因怕遭拒绝决定不再去找她。
• The rejection plunged her into the dark depths of despair.遭到拒绝使她陷入了绝望的深渊。

5 radicalism   

n. 急进主义, 根本的改革主义

参考例句：

• His radicalism and refusal to compromise isolated him. 他的激进主义与拒绝妥协使他受到孤立。
• Education produced intellectual ferment and the temptations of radicalism. 教育带来知识界的骚动，促使激进主义具有了吸引力。

6 unity   

n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调

参考例句：

• When we speak of unity,we do not mean unprincipled peace.所谓团结，并非一团和气。
• We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies.大敌当前，我们必须加强团结。

7 scrutiny   

n.详细检查，仔细观察

参考例句：

• His work looks all right,but it will not bear scrutiny.他的工作似乎很好，但是经不起仔细检查。
• Few wives in their forties can weather such a scrutiny.很少年过四十的妻子经得起这么仔细的观察。

8 administrators   

n.管理者( administrator的名词复数 )；有管理（或行政）才能的人；（由遗嘱检验法庭指定的）遗产管理人；奉派暂管主教教区的牧师

参考例句：

• He had administrators under him but took the crucial decisions himself. 他手下有管理人员，但重要的决策仍由他自己来做。 来自辞典例句
• Administrators have their own methods of social intercourse. 办行政的人有他们的社交方式。 来自汉英文学 - 围城

9 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

10 vendor   

n.卖主；小贩

参考例句：

• She looked at the vendor who cheated her the other day with distaste.她厌恶地望着那个前几天曾经欺骗过她的小贩。
• He must inform the vendor immediately.他必须立即通知卖方。

11 salaam   

n.额手之礼，问安，敬礼；v.行额手礼

参考例句：

• And the people were so very friendly:full of huge beaming smiles,calling out "hello" and "salaam".这里的人民都很友好，灿然微笑着和我打招呼，说“哈罗”和“萨拉姆”。
• Salaam is a Muslim form of salutation.额手礼是穆斯林的问候方式。

12 ammunition   

n.军火，弹药

参考例句：

• A few of the jeeps had run out of ammunition.几辆吉普车上的弹药已经用光了。
• They have expended all their ammunition.他们把弹药用光。

13 disapprove   

v.不赞成，不同意，不批准

参考例句：

• I quite disapprove of his behaviour.我很不赞同他的行为。
• She wants to train for the theatre but her parents disapprove.她想训练自己做戏剧演员，但她的父母不赞成。

14 militant   

adj.激进的，好斗的；n.激进分子，斗士

参考例句：

• Some militant leaders want to merge with white radicals.一些好斗的领导人要和白人中的激进派联合。
• He is a militant in the movement.他在那次运动中是个激进人物。

15 followers   

追随者( follower的名词复数 )； 用户； 契据的附面； 从动件

参考例句：

• the followers of Mahatma Gandhi 圣雄甘地的拥护者
• The reformer soon gathered a band of followers round him. 改革者很快就获得一群追随者支持他。

16 sects   

n.宗派，教派( sect的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Members of these sects are ruthlessly persecuted and suppressed. 这些教派的成员遭到了残酷的迫害和镇压。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He had subdued the religious sects, cleaned up Saigon. 他压服了宗教派别，刷新了西贡的面貌。 来自辞典例句