voa标准英语2008年-UN Envoy: Bridging Force Needed in DRC Until Re

Last week, the U.N. Security Council approved a request for a temporary surge of 3,000 peacekeepers to bolster¹ the overstretched U.N. mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo, or DRC. Possible troop contributors met on Wednesday at the United Nations. Meanwhile, the Security Council heard from the top envoy² to the DRC on the challenges facing the current mission, as its mandate³ comes up for renewal⁴ next month. From United Nations headquarters in New York, VOA's Margaret Besheer has more.
　

UN Special Representative Alan Doss (file photo)

The U.N.'s special envoy for the DRC, Alan Doss, said the additional peacekeepers must be of sufficient strength to be effective.

He said such force is necessary to discourage new military action by the rebel forces of renegade Congolese General Laurent Nkunda or other armed groups, and so peace talks have a chance to progress.

Some 250,000 people have been displaced in eastern Congo since August, when the latest round of fighting between the rebels and the government began.

Doss said deployment⁵ of reinforcements to the United Nations Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo, or MONUC, could take several months. He added that the delay entails⁶ serious risks for the situation in North Kivu, where he warned a new escalation⁷ of violence is possible.

"This is why we have and continue to support the calls for the deployment of a multinational⁸ force as a bridging measure until MONUC is fully⁹ reinforced," said Alan Doss.
　

UN soldier on patrol in Goma, 31 Oct 2008

Doss also recommended that the U.N. Security Council consider authorizing¹⁰ a complementary stand-by force that could be mobilized quickly in case there is a rapid deterioration¹¹ in the security situation.

The Security Council is expected to renew MONUC's mandate in December for another 12 months. It is also considering whether to make changes to the force's mandate.

Doss said it is important that the Security Council review the mandate in light of recent developments on the ground and the need to adapt to new realities.

In addition to protecting civilians¹², a core element of the current mandate is that peacekeepers support operations of the Congolese armed forces, known as the FARDC. But problems within that force have put additional burdens on MONUC.

"Unfortunately in some respects, the FARDC has broken its own ranks by disintegrating¹³ and dissolving," he said. "This has been a real problem because, in some areas, the FARDC should be the first line of protection for civilians. But they have not done that."

In his latest report on the DRC, U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon warned that Congolese army and police elements are responsible for a large number of serious human rights abuses - including arbitrary executions, rape¹⁴, torture and other cruel, inhuman¹⁵ or degrading treatment. The U.N. chief said foreign armed groups have also committed such heinous¹⁶ crimes with impunity¹⁷.

At 17,000-strong, MONUC is the United Nations' largest peacekeeping operation. But the large population and territory it must protect means that there are only 10 peacekeepers for every 10,000 civilians in North Kivu.

1 bolster   

n.枕垫；v.支持，鼓励

参考例句：

• The high interest rates helped to bolster up the economy.高利率使经济更稳健。
• He tried to bolster up their morale.他尽力鼓舞他们的士气。

2 envoy   

n.使节，使者，代表，公使

参考例句：

• Their envoy showed no sign of responding to our proposals.他们的代表对我方的提议毫无回应的迹象。
• The government has not yet appointed an envoy to the area.政府尚未向这一地区派过外交官。

3 mandate   

n.托管地；命令，指示

参考例句：

• The President had a clear mandate to end the war.总统得到明确的授权结束那场战争。
• The General Election gave him no such mandate.大选并未授予他这种权力。

4 renewal   

adj.(契约)延期，续订，更新，复活，重来

参考例句：

• Her contract is coming up for renewal in the autumn.她的合同秋天就应该续签了。
• Easter eggs symbolize the renewal of life.复活蛋象征新生。

5 deployment   

n. 部署,展开

参考例句：

• He has inquired out the deployment of the enemy troops. 他已查出敌军的兵力部署情况。
• Quality function deployment (QFD) is a widely used customer-driven quality, design and manufacturing management tool. 质量功能展开(quality function deployment,QFD)是一个广泛应用的顾客需求驱动的设计、制造和质量管理工具。

6 entails   

使…成为必要( entail的第三人称单数 )； 需要； 限定继承； 使必需

参考例句：

• The job entails a lot of hard work. 这工作需要十分艰苦的努力。
• This job entails a lot of hard work. 这项工作需要十分努力。

7 escalation   

n.扩大，增加

参考例句：

• The threat of nuclear escalation remains. 核升级的威胁仍旧存在。 来自辞典例句
• Escalation is thus an aspect of deterrence and of crisis management. 因此逐步升级是威慑和危机处理的一个方面。 来自辞典例句

8 multinational   

adj.多国的，多种国籍的；n.多国籍公司，跨国公司

参考例句：

• The firm was taken over by a multinational consulting firm.这家公司被一个跨国咨询公司收购。
• He analyzed the relationship between multinational corporations and under-developed countries.他分析了跨国公司和不发达国家之间的关系。

9 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

10 authorizing   

授权，批准，委托( authorize的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Letters of Marque: Take letters from a warning friendly power authorizing privateering. 私掠许可证：从某一个国家获得合法抢劫的证书。
• Formal phavee completion does not include authorizing the subsequent phavee. 阶段的正式完成不包括核准随后的阶段。

11 deterioration   

n.退化；恶化；变坏

参考例句：

• Mental and physical deterioration both occur naturally with age. 随着年龄的增长，心智和体力自然衰退。
• The car's bodywork was already showing signs of deterioration. 这辆车的车身已经显示出了劣化迹象。

12 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

13 disintegrating   

v.（使）破裂[分裂，粉碎]，（使）崩溃( disintegrate的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• As a poetic version of a disintegrating world, this one pleased him. 作为世界崩溃论在文学上的表现，他非常喜欢这个学说。 来自辞典例句
• Soil animals increase the speed of litter breakdown by disintegrating tissue. 土壤动物通过分解组织，加速落叶层降解的速度。 来自辞典例句

14 rape   

n.抢夺，掠夺，强奸；vt.掠夺，抢夺，强奸

参考例句：

• The rape of the countryside had a profound ravage on them.对乡村的掠夺给他们造成严重创伤。
• He was brought to court and charged with rape.他被带到法庭并被指控犯有强奸罪。

15 inhuman   

adj.残忍的，不人道的，无人性的

参考例句：

• We must unite the workers in fighting against inhuman conditions.我们必须使工人们团结起来反对那些难以忍受的工作条件。
• It was inhuman to refuse him permission to see his wife.不容许他去看自己的妻子是太不近人情了。

16 heinous   

adj.可憎的，十恶不赦的

参考例句：

• They admitted to the most heinous crimes.他们承认了极其恶劣的罪行。
• I do not want to meet that heinous person.我不想见那个十恶不赦的人。

17 impunity   

n.(惩罚、损失、伤害等的)免除

参考例句：

• You will not escape with impunity.你不可能逃脱惩罚。
• The impunity what compulsory insurance sets does not include escapement.交强险规定的免责范围不包括逃逸。