voa标准英语2008-Mumbai Terror Attacks Heighten Tensions Between

India has formally demanded strong action from Pakistan against those behind the terror attacks in Mumbai. As Anjana Pasricha reports from New Delhi, the attacks have heightened tensions between the South Asia nuclear-armed rivals after India accused Pakistan-based militants² of carrying out the terror strikes.
　

Shahid Malik

The Indian foreign ministry³ summoned Pakistan's envoy⁴ in New Delhi, Shahid Malik, Monday to inform him that last week's terrorist attacks in Mumbai were carried out by "elements from Pakistan."

New Delhi told Pakistan's ambassador that it wants strong action against those responsible. It said Islamabad's "actions need to match the sentiments expressed by its leadership that it wishes to have a qualitatively⁵ new relationship with India."

Indian officials said the well planned assault was mounted by terrorists trained by the Pakistan-based militant¹ group called Lashkar-e-Taiba. About 10 to 15 heavily armed gunmen attacked different targets across India's business hub last week, killing⁶ and wounding hundreds of people.

Pakistan has denied any involvement by its state agencies and vowed⁷ to cooperate in the investigation⁸.

India's junior foreign minister Anand Sharma has called the attacks a setback⁹ to the process of normalization¹⁰ of relations between the two countries.
　

Workers look for forensic11 evidence outside the Taj Mahal hotel in Mumbai, India, 01 Dec 2008

"In what I can say was an assault on the dignity of the Indian nation state came from outside India and there are Pakistani links which are very clear and elements from Pakistan and forces and groups from there," he said.

The accusations¹² by India have fueled fears of a sharp deterioration¹³ in relations between the two countries, and the possibility of heightened tensions along their borders.

However, a strategic analyst¹⁴ at New Delhi's Center for Policy Research, Bharat Karnad, said New Delhi is unlikely to do what it did following a deadly assault on its parliament by Pakistan-based militant groups in 2001 when it massed troops along its border, bringing the two countries to the brink¹⁵ of war.

"I doubt very much whether this government has the will to get into a punitive¹⁶ mode, and order any kind of military counteraction¹⁷ or something of the kind. That won't happen. But yes relations are in tatters for the moment and that will be the case for a while now," he said.

Pakistan has already indicated that if tensions with India escalate¹⁸, it may move troops from its Afghan border to the Indian border.
　

US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, 01 Dec 2008

U.S. Secretary of State, Condoleezza Rice is expected to discuss the terror attacks during a visit to India on Wednesday.

India and Pakistan have fought three wars since their independence from Britain. India blames Pakistan-based groups for training and arming Islamic militants to conduct terror strikes in India and to foment¹⁹ a separatist insurgency²⁰ in Indian Kashmir.

　

1 militant   

adj.激进的，好斗的；n.激进分子，斗士

参考例句：

• Some militant leaders want to merge with white radicals.一些好斗的领导人要和白人中的激进派联合。
• He is a militant in the movement.他在那次运动中是个激进人物。

2 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

3 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

4 envoy   

n.使节，使者，代表，公使

参考例句：

• Their envoy showed no sign of responding to our proposals.他们的代表对我方的提议毫无回应的迹象。
• The government has not yet appointed an envoy to the area.政府尚未向这一地区派过外交官。

5 qualitatively   

质量上

参考例句：

• In other words, you are to analyze them quantitatively and qualitatively. 换句话说，你们要对它们进行量和质的分析。
• Electric charge may be detected qualitatively by sprinkling or blowing indicating powders. 静电荷可以用撒布指示粉剂的方法，予以探测。

6 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

7 vowed   

起誓，发誓（vow的过去式与过去分词形式）

参考例句：

• He vowed quite solemnly that he would carry out his promise. 他非常庄严地发誓要实现他的诺言。
• I vowed to do more of the cooking myself. 我发誓自己要多动手做饭。

8 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

9 setback   

n.退步，挫折，挫败

参考例句：

• Since that time there has never been any setback in his career.从那时起他在事业上一直没有遇到周折。
• She views every minor setback as a disaster.她把每个较小的挫折都看成重大灾难。

10 normalization   

n.（normalisation）正常化，标准化

参考例句：

• The visit signalled the normalization of relations between the two countries.这次访问显示两国关系已经正常化。
• He was pleased to the normalization of relationship between the police and the people.他很高兴警方和人民之间关系的正常化。

11 forensic   

adj.法庭的，雄辩的

参考例句：

• The report included his interpretation of the forensic evidence.该报告包括他对法庭证据的诠释。
• The judge concluded the proceeding on 10:30 Am after one hour of forensic debate.经过近一个小时的法庭辩论后，法官于10时30分宣布休庭。

12 accusations   

n.指责( accusation的名词复数 )；指控；控告；（被告发、控告的）罪名

参考例句：

• There were accusations of plagiarism. 曾有过关于剽窃的指控。
• He remained unruffled by their accusations. 对于他们的指控他处之泰然。

13 deterioration   

n.退化；恶化；变坏

参考例句：

• Mental and physical deterioration both occur naturally with age. 随着年龄的增长，心智和体力自然衰退。
• The car's bodywork was already showing signs of deterioration. 这辆车的车身已经显示出了劣化迹象。

14 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

15 brink   

n.(悬崖、河流等的)边缘，边沿

参考例句：

• The tree grew on the brink of the cliff.那棵树生长在峭壁的边缘。
• The two countries were poised on the brink of war.这两个国家处于交战的边缘。

16 punitive   

adj.惩罚的，刑罚的

参考例句：

• They took punitive measures against the whole gang.他们对整帮人采取惩罚性措施。
• The punitive tariff was imposed to discourage tire imports from China.该惩罚性关税的征收是用以限制中国轮胎进口的措施。

17 counteraction   

反对的行动，抵抗，反动

参考例句：

• Thirdly, the metaphoric language means the counteraction of moralism. 第三，这种比喻性语言意味着对道德丰义的反拨。
• In center column of core, magnetic flux density is reduced by counteraction. 通过磁通在磁芯中柱的相互抵消作用，降低磁芯的磁通密度。

18 escalate   

v.(使)逐步增长(或发展)，(使)逐步升级

参考例句：

• It would tempt Israel's neighbors to escalate their demands.它将诱使以色列的邻国不断把他们的要求升级。
• Defeat could cause one side or other to escalate the conflict.失败可能会导致其中一方将冲突升级。

19 foment   

v.煽动，助长

参考例句：

• The rebels know the truth and seek to foment revolution.那些叛乱者知道真相，并且想办法来挑起革命。
• That's an attempt to foment discord.这是挑拨。

20 insurgency   

n.起义；暴动；叛变

参考例句：

• And as in China, unrest and even insurgency are widespread. 而在中国，动乱甚至暴乱都普遍存在。 来自互联网
• Dr Zyphur is part an insurgency against this idea. 塞弗博士是这一观点逆流的一部分。 来自互联网