VOA常速英语2008年-Sudan-Chad Agreement Faces Challenges

By Nancy Palus
Dakar
14 March 2008

The presidents of Chad and Sudan have signed an agreement to stop destabilizing each other's country after several hours of meetings in the Senegalese capital, Dakar. But analysts² and officials agree there are remaining challenges to end the violence in a region with many rebel and militia³ groups. Nancy Palus in Dakar has this report for VOA.

Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir and Chad President Idriss Deby shook hands on the red-carpeted steps of the Senegalese presidential palace at around 11:00 p.m. Thursday, after hours of wrangling⁴ over the text of the agreement.

The single page of text, read by Senegalese Foreign Minister Cheikh Tidiane Gadio, reiterates⁵ the two sides' commitment to past agreements, signed in 2006 and 2007.

In the newest element of the accord, Chad and Sudan agree to the formation of an observer group - jointly⁶ led by Libya and the Republic of Congo - which will meet once a month and monitor compliance⁷.

Chad and Sudan have long accused one another of trying to destabilize their respective countries by giving rebel groups safe haven⁸ and resources. Past agreements - which called on both sides to stop rebels from using their territory - have failed.

Samani al-Wasila is state minister for the Sudanese Ministry⁹ of Foreign Affairs. He says what is needed is the will to follow past accords, notably¹⁰ one signed in Tripoli in 2006.

"We do not need anymore agreements," he said. "What we need is a good will to implement¹¹ what we had before. We had the Tripoli agreement, which is a wonderful agreement with all the mechanisms¹², all it needs is a will to implement it."

The Sudanese official says both Chad and Sudan must resolve rebellions within their own countries.

Talks are ongoing¹³ between Darfurian rebels, who have their political headquarters in Chad, and Sudan's government, for a new peace deal to end that conflict, but progress has been slow.

Meanwhile, Chad signed an agreement with its rebels last October, but earlier this year Chadian rebels nearly toppled Mr. Deby.

"Why it is not implemented¹⁴ it is not our concern. It is not that we could do it - we could not force them,Samani al-Wasila said. But, unless the Chadian government and the opposition¹⁵ reach an agreement there is no security in Chad or stability in Chad going to happen. Same thing in Darfur."

Kissy Agyeman is a sub-Saharan Africa analyst¹ in London. She says Chadian rebels think they are fighting for a just cause.

"The niggling problem that the rebels have is the fact that Mr. Deby is in power and they consider him to be a tyrant¹⁶ who is exploiting oil wealth and so forth¹⁷, she said. So arguably they will not rest until he goes or at least until some sort of agreement is reached."

The Chad-Sudan talks, mediated¹⁸ by Senegalese President Abdoulaye Wade¹⁹, took place during a summit of the Organization of the Islamic Conference, or OIC, in Dakar.

U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon and other officials say the OIC has an important role to play in tackling conflicts around the world.

Ban Ki-moon spoke²⁰ at the opening of the summit Thursday. He said a political solution is essential to resolving the region's conflicts.

"The OIC is well-placed to support this process," he said. "You can utilize²¹ your considerable influence on behalf of a lasting²² peace within and between Chad and Sudan and as you do so the UN will continue to do everything it can to help end the suffering in the region."

Just after the signing ceremony at the presidential palace, Senegalese artist Ismael Lo, seated in the candle-lit courtyard with his guitar, broke into one of his best-known songs, Jammu Africa, which in the local Wolof language means Peace in Africa.

1 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

2 analysts   

分析家，化验员( analyst的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
• I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。

3 militia   

n.民兵，民兵组织

参考例句：

• First came the PLA men,then the people's militia.人民解放军走在前面，其次是民兵。
• There's a building guarded by the local militia at the corner of the street.街道拐角处有一幢由当地民兵团守卫的大楼。

4 wrangling   

v.争吵，争论，口角( wrangle的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• The two sides have spent most of their time wrangling over procedural problems. 双方大部分时间都在围绕程序问题争论不休。 来自辞典例句
• The children were wrangling (with each other) over the new toy. 孩子为新玩具（互相）争吵。 来自辞典例句

5 reiterates   

反复地说，重申( reiterate的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• The Chinese government reiterates that the question of Taiwan is China's internal affair. 中国政府重申，台湾问题是中国的内政。 来自汉英非文学 - 汉英文件
• Wang Jianzhou reiterates a fact and a viewpoint in Davos. 王建宙在达沃斯重申一个事实和一个观点。

6 jointly   

ad.联合地，共同地

参考例句：

• Tenants are jointly and severally liable for payment of the rent. 租金由承租人共同且分别承担。
• She owns the house jointly with her husband. 她和丈夫共同拥有这所房子。

7 compliance   

n.顺从；服从；附和；屈从

参考例句：

• I was surprised by his compliance with these terms.我对他竟然依从了这些条件而感到吃惊。
• She gave up the idea in compliance with his desire.她顺从他的愿望而放弃自己的主意。

8 haven   

n.安全的地方，避难所，庇护所

参考例句：

• It's a real haven at the end of a busy working day.忙碌了一整天后，这真是一个安乐窝。
• The school library is a little haven of peace and quiet.学校的图书馆是一个和平且安静的小避风港。

9 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

10 notably   

adv.值得注意地，显著地，尤其地，特别地

参考例句：

• Many students were absent,notably the monitor.许多学生缺席，特别是连班长也没来。
• A notably short,silver-haired man,he plays basketball with his staff several times a week.他个子明显较为矮小，一头银发，每周都会和他的员工一起打几次篮球。

11 implement   

n.(pl.)工具，器具；vt.实行，实施，执行

参考例句：

• Don't undertake a project unless you can implement it.不要承担一项计划，除非你能完成这项计划。
• The best implement for digging a garden is a spade.在花园里挖土的最好工具是铁锹。

12 mechanisms   

n.机械( mechanism的名词复数 )；机械装置；[生物学] 机制；机械作用

参考例句：

• The research will provide direct insight into molecular mechanisms. 这项研究将使人能够直接地了解分子的机理。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He explained how the two mechanisms worked. 他解释这两台机械装置是如何工作的。 来自《简明英汉词典》

13 ongoing   

adj.进行中的，前进的

参考例句：

• The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
• The issues raised in the report relate directly to Age Concern's ongoing work in this area.报告中提出的问题与“关心老人”组织在这方面正在做的工作有直接的关系。

14 implemented   

v.实现( implement的过去式和过去分词 )；执行；贯彻；使生效

参考例句：

• This agreement, if not implemented, is a mere scrap of paper. 这个协定如不执行只不过是一纸空文。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• The economy is in danger of collapse unless far-reaching reforms are implemented. 如果不实施影响深远的改革，经济就面临崩溃的危险。 来自辞典例句

15 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

16 tyrant   

n.暴君，专制的君主，残暴的人

参考例句：

• The country was ruled by a despotic tyrant.该国处在一个专制暴君的统治之下。
• The tyrant was deaf to the entreaties of the slaves.暴君听不到奴隶们的哀鸣。

17 forth   

adv.向前；向外，往外

参考例句：

• The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。
• He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。

18 mediated   

调停，调解，斡旋( mediate的过去式和过去分词 )； 居间促成； 影响…的发生； 使…可能发生

参考例句：

• He mediated in the quarrel between the two boys. 他调解两个孩子之间的争吵。
• The government mediated between the workers and the employers. 政府在工人与雇主间搞调和。

19 wade   

v.跋涉，涉水；n.跋涉

参考例句：

• We had to wade through the river to the opposite bank.我们只好涉水过河到对岸。
• We cannot but wade across the river.我们只好趟水过去。

20 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

21 utilize   

vt.使用，利用

参考例句：

• The cook will utilize the leftover ham bone to make soup.厨师要用吃剩的猪腿骨做汤。
• You must utilize all available resources.你必须利用一切可以得到的资源。

22 lasting   

adj.永久的，永恒的；vbl.持续，维持

参考例句：

• The lasting war debased the value of the dollar.持久的战争使美元贬值。
• We hope for a lasting settlement of all these troubles.我们希望这些纠纷能获得永久的解决。