VOA常速英语2017--非洲纳米比亚旱灾爆发

Drought-related water and food shortages are posing a risk to many in Namibia, and the U.S. government is providing help.

旱灾引发的水资源紧缺和粮食紧缺正威胁着纳米比亚的很多人，不过美国正在提供援助。

Through the United States Agency for International Development, or USAID, the U.S. will purchase eight water tanker¹ trucks and promote community and school sanitation² valued at $1.6 million (N$21 million) dollars. Additionally, USAID, with funding from the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, known as PEPFAR, is rolling out $2.2 million dollars (N$28 million) for drought assistance activities to help malnourished HIV patients, pregnant and lactating women, orphans³, and vulnerable children in food-insecure districts in Namibia with a high HIV burden.

通过美国国际开发署(USAID, United States Agency for International Development)，美国将购置8辆水罐卡车，改善社群和学校卫生情况，投入达160万美元。此外，美国国际开发署通过艾滋病紧急救援计划(PEPFAR, President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief)提供220万美元用于旱灾援助行动，以帮助纳米比亚粮食紧缺地区营养不良的艾滋病患者、孕期和哺乳期的女性、孤儿和虚弱的儿童，这里艾滋病负担严重。

In collaboration⁴ with the Ministry⁵ of Health and Social Services, USAID will support the training of health extension workers to identify and refer HIV-positive individuals and vulnerable children that are malnourished. Referred clients will receive a medical assessment⁶ and, if needed, therapeutic⁷ nutritional⁸ feeding supplements, as well as counseling on improved nutrition and hygiene⁹.

通过与卫生及公众服务部的合作，美国国际开发署将支持健康拓展员工的培训，让他们能够辨别并推荐阳性艾滋病患者和营养不良的虚弱儿童。被推荐的人会得到医疗审定；如果有需要的话，还会得到营养补充的治疗，并获得提升营养和卫生状况的建议。

To support the Ministry of Gender¹⁰ Equality and Child Welfare's efforts, USAID will assist in expediting the registration¹¹ of orphans and vulnerable children for social grants to mitigate¹² the effect of drought on vulnerable children. In addition, USAID will work with the Office of the Prime Minister and UN organizations to ensure coordination¹³, technical support, and sustainability of the response.

为了支持性别平等与儿童福利部的工作，美国国际开发署将助力推进孤儿和虚弱儿童的社会津贴注册进度，以减少旱灾对虚弱儿童的影响。此外，美国国际开发署还将与泰国首相府及联合国多个组织合作，保证工作协调、技术支持稳定、响应持续。

USAID anticipates providing nutrition screening and counseling to over 42,000 people living with HIV and providing food supplements to up to 14,000 vulnerable children. These drought assistance interventions¹⁴ support the existing PEPFAR and Namibian government program to meet the UNAIDS targets to combat HIV in the country. Since 2005, the U.S. government, through PEPFAR, has invested over $1.1 billion dollars (N$15 billion) in the Namibian health sector¹⁵. In 2015, an additional $34 million (N$465 million) was dedicated¹⁶ to accelerate treatment for all in support of the Ministry of Health and Social Services' fight against HIV/AIDS.

美国国际开发署预计向4.2万多罹患艾滋病的人提供了营养检查服务和咨询服务，向多达1.4万名营养不良的儿童提供了粮食补给。这些中途出现的旱灾援助工作支持了现有的艾滋病紧急救援计划(PEPFAR)以及纳米比亚政府的项目，符合联合国艾滋病规划署(UNAIDS, The Joint¹⁷ United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS)抗击纳米比亚艾滋病的目标。自2005年以来，美国政府已经通过艾滋病紧急救援计划(PEPFAR)投入了11亿多美元于纳米比亚的卫生领域。2015年，美国又捐献了3400万美元，以加速所有病患的治疗，支持卫生及公众服务部抗击艾滋病的工作。

The United States stands with its partner, Namibia, to help meet the urgent water and nutritional needs of the people of Namibia.

美国始终与其伙伴纳米比亚一道，助力满足纳米比亚人民对水资源和营养的紧迫需求。

1 tanker   

n.油轮

参考例句：

• The tanker took on 200,000 barrels of crude oil.油轮装载了二十万桶原油。
• Heavy seas had pounded the tanker into three parts.汹涌的巨浪把油轮撞成三载。

2 sanitation   

n.公共卫生，环境卫生，卫生设备

参考例句：

• The location is exceptionally poor,viewed from the sanitation point.从卫生角度来看，这个地段非常糟糕。
• Many illnesses are the result,f inadequate sanitation.许多疾病都来源于不健全的卫生设施。

3 orphans   

孤儿( orphan的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The poor orphans were kept on short commons. 贫苦的孤儿们吃不饱饭。
• Their uncle was declared guardian to the orphans. 这些孤儿的叔父成为他们的监护人。

4 collaboration   

n.合作，协作；勾结

参考例句：

• The two companies are working in close collaboration each other.这两家公司密切合作。
• He was shot for collaboration with the enemy.他因通敌而被枪毙了。

5 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

6 assessment   

n.评价；评估；对财产的估价，被估定的金额

参考例句：

• This is a very perceptive assessment of the situation.这是一个对该情况的极富洞察力的评价。
• What is your assessment of the situation?你对时局的看法如何？

7 therapeutic   

adj.治疗的，起治疗作用的；对身心健康有益的

参考例句：

• Therapeutic measures were selected to fit the patient.选择治疗措施以适应病人的需要。
• When I was sad,music had a therapeutic effect.我悲伤的时候，音乐有治疗效力。

8 nutritional   

adj.营养的，滋养的

参考例句：

• A diet lacking in nutritional value will not keep a person healthy.缺乏营养价值的饮食不能维持人的健康。
• The labels on food products give a lot of information about their nutritional content.食品上的标签提供很多关于营养成分的信息。

9 hygiene   

n.健康法，卫生学 （a.hygienic）

参考例句：

• Their course of study includes elementary hygiene and medical theory.他们的课程包括基础卫生学和医疗知识。
• He's going to give us a lecture on public hygiene.他要给我们作关于公共卫生方面的报告。

10 gender   

n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性

参考例句：

• French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语，所有的名词都有性。
• Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。

11 registration   

n.登记，注册，挂号

参考例句：

• Marriage without registration is not recognized by law.法律不承认未登记的婚姻。
• What's your registration number?你挂的是几号？

12 mitigate   

vt.（使）减轻，（使）缓和

参考例句：

• The government is trying to mitigate the effects of inflation.政府正试图缓和通货膨胀的影响。
• Governments should endeavour to mitigate distress.政府应努力缓解贫困问题。

13 coordination   

n.协调，协作

参考例句：

• Gymnastics is a sport that requires a considerable level of coordination.体操是一项需要高协调性的运动。
• The perfect coordination of the dancers and singers added a rhythmic charm to the performance.舞蹈演员和歌手们配合得很好，使演出更具魅力。

14 interventions   

n.介入，干涉，干预( intervention的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Economic analysis of government interventions deserves detailed discussion. 政府对经济的干预应该给予充分的论述。 来自辞典例句
• The judge's frequent interventions made a mockery of justice. 法官的屡屡干预是对正义的践踏。 来自互联网

15 sector   

n.部门，部分；防御地段，防区；扇形

参考例句：

• The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。
• The enemy have attacked the British sector.敌人已进攻英国防区。

16 dedicated   

adj.一心一意的；献身的；热诚的

参考例句：

• He dedicated his life to the cause of education.他献身于教育事业。
• His whole energies are dedicated to improve the design.他的全部精力都放在改进这项设计上了。

17 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。