VOA常速英语2018--美国支持叙利亚政治转型

U.S. Policy Toward Syria

ISIS has lost the vast majority of the territory it once held in Syria, as it has in Iraq. But while Russia may consider the fight in Syria to be over, U.S. Acting¹ Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs David Satterfield said recently before Congress that the United States remains² committed to the total and enduring defeat of ISIS and other terrorist groups in Syria and the region, and to ensuring that they cannot regenerate³ and return.

IS不仅失去了其在叙利亚的大片领土，在伊拉克也是同样的境遇。不过，虽然俄罗斯认为叙利亚之战已经结束，但负责近东事务的美国代理助理国务卿大卫 萨特菲尔德最近在国会面前发表讲话时称，美国依然致力于确保叙利亚乃至近东地区的IS等恐怖组织一蹶不振，确保他们不会重燃旧火，重返故地

One thing that such an enduring defeat requires is a credible⁴ political process leading to a government chosen by the Syrian people, without Bashar Al Assad at the helm.

确保恐怖组织一蹶不振的其中一个因素是开启一个可信的政治进程，让叙利亚人民来选择他们的政府，而不是现在的阿萨德政权。

“They've inflicted⁵ suffering and countless⁶ deaths on the Syrian people...This regime is a magnet for terror,” Mr. Satterfield said. And while acknowledging the grave challenges ahead, he declared that with the U.N-led Geneva process and international support for credible electoral and constitutional reform, political transition in Syria is “a potentially achievable goal.”

阿萨德政权让叙利亚人民遭受痛苦，死伤无数……萨特菲尔德表示，阿萨德政权是吸引恐怖主义的磁铁。萨特菲尔德虽然承认今后所要面临的诸多严峻挑战，但在联合国领导的日内瓦进程以及国际社会对叙利亚可信选举改革和宪法改革的支持下，政治转型是可以实现的目标。

Progress toward that goal depends in part on Assad's ally Russia: “We're going to need Russia to put pressure on the regime to abide⁷ by Security Council Resolution 2254 and participate in political discussions in Geneva...Why should Russia do that?” Mr. Satterfield asked. “Because minus such engagement there's going to be no money coming into Syria [for reconstruction⁸]. There's going to be no legitimization from the broad international community, either for Russia or for Syria.”

朝着这一目标的进程也需要阿萨德盟友俄罗斯的支持：我们将需要俄罗斯对阿萨德政权施压，让其遵守安理会的2254号决议，并参与到日内瓦的政治讨论中……俄罗斯为什么要这样做呢？萨特菲尔德设问道。因为如果俄罗斯不参与进来，那么叙利亚就没有资金进行重建。而广大国际社会也失去了合法性，无论是俄罗斯还是叙利亚。

Resolution 2254's political process “is the key,” Mr. Satterfield declared. “It is the key to addressing Assad in his departure. It is the key to resolving the question of foreign forces and Iranian influence.” And our tools to move that process forward, he said, include “the denial of legitimacy⁹ and authenticity¹⁰ to any claim of victory by the regime or its supporters in Moscow or Tehran, and the withholding¹¹ of reconstruction funds, which are vital to the regime and...Moscow's interests over the long-term.”

萨特菲尔德表示，2254号决议的政治进程是关键。该决议是让阿萨德政权彻底消失的关键，是解决境外军力问题和伊朗影响问题的关键。萨特菲尔德表示，而我们推进该进程的工具就包括否认阿萨德政权及其支持者在莫斯科或德黑兰号称所取得胜利的合法性和可靠性、不给阿萨德政权和俄罗斯长期利益所在的关键重建资金，

The United States, Acting Assistant Secretary Satterfield said, “is committed to remaining in Syria to achieve all of our strategic goals,” including the enduring defeat of ISIS, progress on a Syrian political transition, and a diminution¹² of Iran's malign¹³ influence in and around Syria. The evaluation¹⁴ of these goals, he declared, will not be based on calendars, but on the assessment¹⁵ of conditions reviewed “on a progressive basis over the time ahead.”

代理助理国务卿萨特菲尔德表示，美国致力于留在叙利亚实现我们所有的战略目标，包括使IS一蹶不振、在叙利亚政治转型方面取得进展、减少伊朗对叙利亚及其周边地区的恶性影响。萨特菲尔德表示，这些目标的评估不会根据时间来进行，而是根据未来的进度对当下的情况进行评估。

1 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

2 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

3 regenerate   

vt.使恢复，使新生；vi.恢复，再生；adj.恢复的

参考例句：

• Their aim is to regenerate British industry.他们的目的是复兴英国的工业。
• Although it is not easy,you have the power to regenerate your life.尽管这不容易，但你有使生活重获新生的能力。

4 credible   

adj.可信任的，可靠的

参考例句：

• The news report is hardly credible.这则新闻报道令人难以置信。
• Is there a credible alternative to the nuclear deterrent?是否有可以取代核威慑力量的可靠办法？

5 inflicted   

把…强加给，使承受，遭受( inflict的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• They inflicted a humiliating defeat on the home team. 他们使主队吃了一场很没面子的败仗。
• Zoya heroically bore the torture that the Fascists inflicted upon her. 卓娅英勇地承受法西斯匪徒加在她身上的酷刑。

6 countless   

adj.无数的，多得不计其数的

参考例句：

• In the war countless innocent people lost their lives.在这场战争中无数无辜的人丧失了性命。
• I've told you countless times.我已经告诉你无数遍了。

7 abide   

vi.遵守；坚持；vt.忍受

参考例句：

• You must abide by the results of your mistakes.你必须承担你的错误所造成的后果。
• If you join the club,you have to abide by its rules.如果你参加俱乐部，你就得遵守它的规章。

8 reconstruction   

n.重建，再现，复原

参考例句：

• The country faces a huge task of national reconstruction following the war.战后，该国面临着重建家园的艰巨任务。
• In the period of reconstruction,technique decides everything.在重建时期，技术决定一切。

9 legitimacy   

n.合法，正当

参考例句：

• The newspaper was directly challenging the government's legitimacy.报纸直接质疑政府的合法性。
• Managing from the top down,we operate with full legitimacy.我们进行由上而下的管理有充分的合法性。

10 authenticity   

n.真实性

参考例句：

• There has been some debate over the authenticity of his will. 对于他的遗嘱的真实性一直有争论。
• The museum is seeking an expert opinion on the authenticity of the painting. 博物馆在请专家鉴定那幅画的真伪。

11 withholding   

扣缴税款

参考例句：

• She was accused of withholding information from the police. 她被指控对警方知情不报。
• The judge suspected the witness was withholding information. 法官怀疑见证人在隐瞒情况。

12 diminution   

n.减少；变小

参考例句：

• They hope for a small diminution in taxes.他们希望捐税能稍有减少。
• He experienced no diminution of his physical strength.他并未感觉体力衰落。

13 malign   

adj.有害的；恶性的；恶意的；v.诽谤，诬蔑

参考例句：

• It was easy to see why the cartoonists regularly portrayed him as a malign cherub.难怪漫画家总是把他画成一个邪恶的小天使。
• She likes to malign innocent persons.她爱诋毁那些清白的人。

14 evaluation   

n.估价，评价；赋值

参考例句：

• I attempted an honest evaluation of my own life.我试图如实地评价我自己的一生。
• The new scheme is still under evaluation.新方案还在评估阶段。

15 assessment   

n.评价；评估；对财产的估价，被估定的金额

参考例句：

• This is a very perceptive assessment of the situation.这是一个对该情况的极富洞察力的评价。
• What is your assessment of the situation?你对时局的看法如何？