在线英语听力室

实用语法--宾语从句

时间:2011-09-14 05:59:39

(单词翻译:单击)

   宾语从句

  1. 宾语从句的定义:
  2. 宾语从句的连接词:
  引导宾语从句的连词有that、whether1、if;连接代词主要有who、whom、whose、which、what;连接副词主要有when、where、why、how等。
  3. whether与if用法区别
  whether与if在表示“是否”、引导宾语从句时常可通用。但以下情况下只能用whether
  1)介词后的宾语从句用whether引导
  例:We’re talking about whether we can get the chance2.
  2)whether引导宾语从句时可以与or not连用
  例:I don’t care3 whether the work will take long or not.
  3)whether引导的宾语从句可置于句首
  例:Whether they will join in the picnic I don’t care.
  4)在不定式前,只有whether
  例:I am just wondering4 whether to stay for another hour or jus start off5 right away.
  4. 宾语从句之主句与从句时态一致
  补充内容:
  主句若为过去时态,从句要用相应的过去时态。
  1)从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动作同时发生。
  例:I only knew Cathy was6 studying in a western7 country, but I didn’t know
  what country she was in.
  2)从句用过去完成时,表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前。
  例:Carol8 told me that she had9 told Sally about the meeting10 already11.
  3)从句谓语用过去将来时,表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后。
  例:He told me that he would12 take part13 in the high jump.
  5. 宾语从句的简化
  宾语从句的简化有三种情况:
  1)当主句谓语动词是find, see, watch, hear等感官动词时,从句常简化为“宾语+宾语补足语”结构,宾语补足语为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。
  例:She found14 that the wallet15 lay/was lying16 on the ground17.
  = She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.
  2)当主语谓语动词是hope, wish, decide18, forget, plan19, agree等,且主句主语与从句主语相同时,从句可简化为不定式结构。
  例:She agreed20 that she could21 help me with my maths.
  = She agreed to help me with my maths.
  3)在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中,当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时,宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词+不定式”结构。
  例:Can you tell me how I can get to the station?
  = Can you tell me how to get to the station?

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