The History of Coffee 咖啡的历史

According to one story, a sheepherder named Kaldi as he tended his sheep noticed the effect of coffee beans on behavior. He noticed that the sheep became hyperactive after eating the red "cherries" from a certain plant when they changed pastures. He tried a few themselves, and was soon as overactive as his herd⁴. The story relates that a monk⁵ happened by and scolded him for "partaking of the devil's fruit." However the monks⁶ soon discovered that this fruit from the shiny green plant could help them stay awake for their prayers.

Another legend gives us the name for coffee or "mocha." An Arabian was banished⁷ to the desert with his followers⁸ to die of starvation. In desperation, Omar had his friends boil and eat the fruit from an unknown plant. Not only did the broth⁹ save the exiles, but the residents of the nearest town, Mocha, took their survival as a religious sign. The plant and its beverage were named Mocha to honor this event.

One early use for coffee would have little appeal today. The Galla tribe from Ethiopia used coffee, but not as a drink. They would wrap the beans in animal fat as their only source of nutrition while on raiding parties. The Turks were the first countries to adopt it as a drink, often adding spices such as clove¹⁰, cinnamon, cardamom and anise to the brew¹¹.

Coffee was introduced much later to countries beyond Arabia whose inhabitants believed it to be a delicacy¹² and guarded its secret as if they were top secret military plans. The government forbade transportation of the plant out of the Moslem¹³ nations. The actual spread of coffee was started illegally. One Arab named Baba Budan smuggled¹⁴ beans to some mountains near Mysore, India, and started a farm there. Early in this century, the descendants of those original plants were found still growing fruitfully in the region.

Coffee was believed by some Christians¹⁵ to be the devil's drink. Pope Vincent III heard this and decided¹⁶ to taste it before he banished it. He enjoyed it so much and baptized it, saying, "coffee is so delicious it would be a pity to let the infidels have exclusive use of it."

Coffee today is grown and enjoyed worldwide, and is one of the few crops that small farmers in third-world countries can profitably export.

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