专业术语—口腔生理学术语O2(英文详解)

（单词翻译:单击）

   Osmotic pressure - Water tends to move towards dense¹ concentrations of ions. Sugar solutions on the surface of exposed dentine cause water to be drawn² out of the dentinal tubules causing which distorts the odontoblast causing pain.

    Osseous integration³ - a term used to describe the desired adhesion between an implant⁴ and the bone which holds it in place.

    Osteoblasts - cells which differentiate⁵ from pericytes and secrete⁶ both the matrix and mineral of bone.

    Osteocalcin - a calcium⁷ binding⁸ protein, synthesised by the osteoblast and secreted⁹ into the matrix at the time of bone mineralisation. Mice bread without the osteocalcin gene¹⁰ develop heavy bones suggesting that osteocalcin is a negative regulator of bone formation

    Osteoclast - a multi-nucleate cellcapable of removing both the organic and mineral component¹¹ of bone. Osteoclasts activity is controlled by nearby osteoblasts.

    Osteoid - the extracellular matrix inwhich bone forms. It is high in collagen and other bone proteins but lacks any crystal formation.

    Osteonectin - a bone glycoprotein which has the property of binding to both collagen fibres and the hydroxyapatite crystals, and thus may be important in initiating¹² bone mineralisation by acting¹³ as a template for nucleation. Osteonectin is also produced by endothelial cells and plateletes and is able to bindfibrinogen.

    Osteopontin - an adhesive¹⁴ glycoprotein related to sialoproteins, which is secreted by osteoclasts to assist in their adhesion to the bone surface. After bone resorption it may then act as a signal to stimulate¹⁵ osteoblast activity

    Osteoporosis - a reduction in bone mass which occurs commonly in post menopausal females, but also in older men. It is due to a reduction in the activity of the ovaries and a decreased secretion¹⁶ of oestrogen. Bone formation and bone healing are not affected¹⁷ but more bone is resorbed by osteoclasts than is replaced. Lack of exercise is also a factor in bone loss.

    Oxytalin fibres - are related to elastic¹⁸ fibres, though they have a smaller core of elastin. They are found in the periodontal ligament and in the epidermis¹⁹ of thin skin, but not in the oral mucosa.