（单词翻译:单击）
Stem cells - cells from which a number of more Stimulated1 saliva2 - saliva which has been stimulated by chewing.
Stippled3 - a pattern which is made of small dots. Gingiva has a stippled appearance due to small depressions caused by the attachment4 of clumps5 of fibres in the lamina propria to the basement membrane6 of the epithelium..
Striated7 ducts - ducts which carry saliva from the intercalated ducts to a series of main collecting ducts. Striated duct cells are actively8 involved in secretion9 and absorption. Their striated appearance is due to the many long folds of the cell membrane.
Submucosa - a layer beneath the lamina propria of mucosa, which is loose and elastic10. It may contain large blood vessels11, nerves, glands12 and lymphatic tissue.
Substance P - a neuropeptide with a particularly powerful ability to excite a post synaptic cell. When substance P is released into a synapse13 of a sensory14 neurone it causes severe pain.
Sulcus - see Gingival sulcus.
Super-saturated15 solutions - When a solution is saturated and still more ions are added, they cannot be held in solution but precipitate16 as a solid deposit. The proline-rich proteins of saliva are capable of binding17 calcium18. They hold a store of calcium ions which allows saliva to carry more ions in solution than is theoretically possible. Saliva is thus a super-saturated solution of calcium phosphate.
