（单词翻译:单击）
ical - in a local area. e.g application of medication to the affected1 part only.
Trabecula-bone -a description of the radiographic appearance of spongy bone. Radiographs provide an unusual opportunity to see condensations2 within spongy bone. These condensations form lines, or beams with are orientated3 so as to give the best support to loads tending to crush or fracture the bone.( the Latin word for a wooden beam was trabes, a small beam was a trabecula)
Transcription- a process which leads to the copying of a gene4's code, from a section of DNA5, onto a strand6 of messenger RNA and which eventually leads to the synthesis of the peptide or protein which that gene codes for.
Transforming growth factor- TGF a superfamily of cytokines secreted7 by a variety of cells (monocytes, T cells, platelets, fibroblasts). The family include bone morphogenic proteins, which stimulate8 angiogenesis, fibroblast proliferation and inhibit9 T cell proliferation.
Tropocollagen - the precursor10 to the collagen molecule11 secreted by the cell. The removal of terminal peptides on the tropocollagen allows each molecule to join end to end with another to make a collagen fibril.
Tubule - a small tube leading into a duct,or as in dentinal tubules.
Turnover12 - the replacement13 of cells by mitosis which keeps pace with cell loss, as in epithelia and blood cells. Also refers to the continual replacement of connective tissues like bone and fibrous tissue.
