不用被动语态的情况

　　1) 不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：

　　appear¹, die² disappear³, end (vi. 结束), fail⁴, happen, last, lie⁵, remain⁶, sit, spread⁷, stand

　　break out, come true⁸, fall asleep⁹, keep silence¹⁰, lose¹¹ heart¹², take place.

　　After the fire, very little remained¹³ of my house.

　　比较： rise¹⁴, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat¹⁵是及物动词。

　　(错) The price¹⁶ has been risen¹⁷.

　　(对) The price has risen.

　　(错) The accident¹⁸ was¹⁹ happened last week.

　　(对) The accident happened last week.

　　(错) The price has raised²⁰.

　　(对) The price has been raised.

　　(错) Please seat.

　　(对) Please be seated²¹.

　　要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。

　　2) 不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：

　　fit²², have, hold, marry²³, own²⁴, wish, cost²⁵, notice²⁶, watch agree²⁷ with, arrive at / in, shake²⁸ hands with, succeed²⁹ in, suffer³⁰ from, happen to, take part³¹ in, walk into, belong³² to

　　This key just fits³³ the lock³⁴.

　　Your story agrees³⁵ with what had³⁶ already³⁷ been heard.

　　3) 系动词无被动语态：

　　appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem³⁸, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn

　　It sounds good.

　　4) 带同源宾语的及物动词，反身代词，相互代词，不能用于被动语态：

　　die, death³⁹, dream⁴⁰, live, life⁴¹

　　She dreamed⁴² a bad dream last night.

　　5) 当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。

　　(对) She likes to swim.

　　(错) To swim is liked by her.

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