危险的饮食上瘾

　　更多不常见的上瘾

　　Addictions are persistent³, obsessive⁴ behaviors and sufferers will feel anxious if they can’t do them, regardless of any negative consequences. But while most people imagine addictions to be related to drugs or alcohol did you know there are other more unusual ones involving food and drink that can be equally as damaging?

　　上瘾是持续的着迷行为，不管会带来多少负面影响，如果上瘾者不做则会感到焦虑。然而尽管大多数人认为上瘾是与药物或酒精相关，但你知道吗，还有更多涉及饮食的不常见上瘾也会带来同样的危害。

　　French fries

　　炸薯条

　　Thirty-something American woman Amber⁵ Scott has only eaten French fries since she was a child. She suffers from Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake⁶ Disorder⁷ (ARFID) that affects her ability to eat a balanced diet.

　　30多岁的美国女性安贝?斯科特打小时候起就开始吃炸薯条了。现在她患有抗激限制性食物摄入紊乱（ARFID），这一疾病影响了她饮食平衡的能力。

　　Harm rating: This mental illness can lead to serious nutritional⁸ deficiencies.

　　危害评级：这一精神疾病会导致严重的营养失调。

　　Bananas

　　香蕉

　　Diet guru Freelee the Banana Girl eats a largely raw diet that’s fruit and veg based; it’s not unusual for the Australian to eat between 30-50 bananas a day.

　　饮食专家“香蕉姑娘Freelee”会吃大量的果蔬天然食物；对这位澳大利亚姑娘来说每天吃30-50个香蕉都不是事儿。

　　Harm rating: Bananas are rich in potassium, which is essential to health but too much can put a strain on the kidneys.

　　危害评级：香蕉富含钾元素，这对身体健康至关重要，但钾元素过多则会导致肾脏压力过大。

　　Milk

　　牛奶

　　A woman called Sandra, from Stockport in the UK, is addicted⁹ to milk. She’s drunk about 10 pints¹⁰ (nearly 6 liters) a day for decades and will do a midnight shop if she’s running low.

　　来自英国斯托克波特的女子桑德拉有牛奶上瘾癖。数十年来，她每天喝10品脱左右（近6升）的牛奶，如果午夜时分发现家里牛奶不够了，她甚至会出去购买。

　　Harm rating: Too much of any one food can lead to a nutritional deficiency.

　　危害评级：任何食物食用过多都会造成营养失调。

　　Carrots

　　胡萝卜

　　It’s possible to develop a craving¹¹ for carrots and numerous examples have been reported. Beta-carotene – an antioxidant that is converted in the body into vitamin A – is probably what people are drawn¹² to.

　　热爱胡萝卜是可能的，已报道过很多例子。β胡萝卜素是一种抗氧化剂，在人体内会转化为维他命A，可能这就是人们对胡萝卜上瘾的原因吧。

　　Harm rating: Eating more than two pounds of carrots a day can turn the skin, nails and organs yellow, though this is reversible.

　　危害评级：每天吃两磅以上的胡萝卜会使得皮肤、指甲和器官变成黄色，尽管这是可逆的。

　　危险的饮食上瘾.jpg

　　Cheese

　　奶酪

　　Countless¹³ people claim cheese is their weakness and there is some truth in its habit-forming quality. Cheese contains casein, which releases casomorphins into the body – peptides that trigger the brain’s opioid receptors, which are responsible for addiction¹.

　　无以计数的人都宣称奶酪是他们的致命点，这一习惯形成品质是有一定道理的。奶酪含有酪蛋白，会在人体内释放酪啡肽，这种肽类会触发大脑中负责成瘾的阿片受体。

　　Harm rating: Cheese is high in saturated¹⁴ fat, which can raise cholesterol¹⁵ and contribute towards obesity¹⁶.

　　危害评级：奶酪富含饱和脂肪，会提高胆固醇含量，导致肥胖。

　　Tofu

　　豆腐

　　A Chinese man called He Dong had more than 400 kidney stones removed as a result of consuming large amounts of tofu.

　　一位叫做何东的中国男性由于摄入了大量豆腐，体内移出的肾结石达400多个。

　　Harm rating: Tofu, especially gypsum tofu, is a soy product high in calcium¹⁷, too much of which can cause kidney stones.

　　危害评级：豆腐，尤其是石膏豆腐，是一种豆制品，富含钙元素，摄入过多会造成肾结石。

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