VOA名师答疑2023 to me和for me的区别

Hello!

大家好!

This week on Ask a Teacher, we will answer a question from Maria, a teacher from Brazil, about the difference between “to me” and “for me.”

本周《名师答疑》，我们回答来自巴西的教师玛丽亚提出的问题，即to me和for me有什么区别。

Hello, If I am asking a student to read in class, should I say “to me” or “for me?”

你好，如果我让学生在课堂上朗读文章，我应该说to me还是for me？

I would to know which one is correct.

我想知道哪一个是正确的。

Could you read it to me? Or Could you read it for me?

“你能读给我听吗？”还是“你能为我读一读吗？”

Thanks a lot, Maria

非常感谢，玛丽亚。

Dear Maria, Thank you for writing to us.

亲爱的玛丽亚，谢谢你的来信。

Both of these questions can be correct.

这两个问句都可以是正确的。

The choice of “to me” or “for me” depends on the meaning you would like to express.

是选to me还是for me取决于你想表达什么意思。

In the examples you sent us, “to” and “for” are both used as prepositions².

在你给我们的例子中，to和for都用作介词。

Prepositions are a word or group of words that is used with a noun³, pronoun⁴, or noun phrase to show physical direction, location, time, or to introduce an object.

介词是一个词或一组词，与名词、代词或名词短语连用，表示物理方向、位置、时间或引出对象。

“To” and “for” in the examples you sent are used to introduce an object, but the meanings are different.

在你的例子中，to和for用来引出对象，但含义不同。

We will take a closer look at these differences.

我们将更仔细地看看这些差异。

“To” is used to show the physical direction of an action.

to用来表示动作的物理方向。

But in your example, the use slightly changes.

但在你的例子中，用法略有变化。

Could you read it to me?

你能读给我听吗？

In your example, “to” is used to show who the action of reading is directed towards.

在你的例子中，to用来表示阅读的对象是谁。

The object of the preposition¹ is “me”, receiving the action of reading.

介词的宾语是“我”，“我”接受阅读的动作。

It is like asking: Could you direct your reading towards me?

这就像在问：你能把你的阅读动作对向我吗？

You could have also said: Could you read it to us?

你也可以说：你能读给我们听吗？

In this example “us” would be the whole class.

在这个例子中，us指整个班的人。

The preposition of “for” can have many meanings.

介词for可以有很多种意思。

Could you read it for me?

你能为我读一下吗？

The preposition of “for” in this example means “in place of,” “to help,” or “on behalf⁵ of.”

在本例中，介词for表示“代替”“帮助”或“代表”。

“Me” is again the object of the preposition.

“我”还是介词的宾语。

So, instead of you reading a story, you are asking the student to read a story in place of you or to help you by reading it.

因此，不是你在读故事，而是让学生代替你读故事，或者通过读故事来帮助你。

If something is directed towards you and you are receiving the action, use “to me.”

如果某事是针对你的，而且你在接受动作，就用to me。

Another example is: Could you bring my science book to me?

另一个例子是：你能把我的科学书带给我吗？

Here you are asking someone to bring your book to you.

这里，你在要求某人把你的书带给你。

You will receive it and take it with you.

你会收到书，并把书带在身边。

But if you ask, Could you bring my science book for me?

但如果你问，你能帮我把我的科学书带来吗？

You are requesting that someone brings your book in place of you bringing it.

你是在请求别人替你把书带来，而不是你自己去把书带来。

They will take it with them to class, instead of you taking it.

他们会带着书去上课，而不是你带着书去。

“For me” is used if you are asking someone to do something on behalf of you, in place of you doing it, or to help you.

For me用于请求某人代表你做某事，或代替你做某事，或帮助你做某事。

Please let us know if these example s and explanations have helped you, Maria!

玛丽亚，请让我们知道这些例子和解释是否对你有帮助！

And that’s Ask a Teacher.

以上就是《名师答疑》。

I’m Faith Pirlo.

我是费思·皮尔洛。

1 preposition   

n.介词

参考例句：

• You should cancel this preposition in the sentence.你应该删去句子中的这个介词。
• We use different preposition to talk about time,days,months and seasons.我们用不动的介词来谈论时间，日，月和季节等。

2 prepositions   

n.介词( preposition的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• She lays a lot of emphasis on the usage of prepositions. 她把重点放在介词的使用上。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Prepositions and conjunctions are particles. 介词和连词是小品词。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 noun   

n.名词

参考例句：

• What kind of noun is this?这是哪类名词？
• This word is a collective noun.这个词是个集体名词。

4 pronoun   

n.代词

参考例句：

• The relative pronoun is often dropped if it is the subject.关系代名词做受词时常被省略。
• Here you should use plural pronoun.这里你应该用复数代词。

5 behalf   

n.利益，方面；支持，赞成

参考例句：

• Ken is not present,so I shall accept the prize on his behalf.肯没有出席，所以我将代表他领奖。
• They fixed on him to speak on their behalf.他们已经确定他作为代表发言。