VOA标准英语2012--美国死于丙肝人数超过艾滋病

Hepatitis C Kills More Americans Than HIV/AIDS
美国死于丙肝人数超过艾滋病

The number of deaths from the hepatitis C virus is up while deaths related to HIV/AIDS are down, according to U.S. researchers. As a result, more Americans are now dying from hepatitis C than from HIV/AIDS.
根据美国研究人员研究结果显示,HIV / AIDS死亡人数有递减的趋势,而丙型肝炎死亡人数一直在增加。结果,越来越多的美国人现在死于丙肝而非死于艾滋病。
Researchers at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) used death certificates to track fatal cases of three viral infections - hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV/AIDS - over almost a decade, starting in 1999.
美国疾病控制与预防中心的研究人员自从1999年以来在近几十年中用死亡证明跟踪三种致命的病毒感染-乙肝,丙肝及HIV / AIDS。
Over nine years, HIV deaths steadily¹ decreased as prevention programs took effect and better treatment became available. At the same time, hepatitis C cases climbed, and by 2007, more Americans were dying from that virus than from the one that causes AIDS.
在9年中,艾滋病由于不间断的预防项目和更好的治疗生效而使死亡人数不断减少。与此同时,丙型肝炎病例攀升,截至2007年,更多的美国人死于这种病毒而非艾滋病病毒。
Hepatitis B deaths were relatively² steady during the study period, and they accounted for a fraction of the deaths caused by the other two viruses.
在研究期间乙型肝炎死亡率相对固定,只占另外两种病毒的一小部分。
Co-author John Ward³, director of the CDC hepatitis division, says the uptick in hepatitis C deaths doesn't indicate more people are becoming infected.
疾病控制与预防中心肝炎部门主任兼作者之一的约翰·沃德表示丙型肝炎死亡率的上升不表示越来越多的人将被感染。
"The number of deaths from hepatitis C [is] increasing," he says, "because the persons infected with this virus are aging into a period of their lives when they're becoming sick with liver cirrhosis or liver cancer caused by this viral infection."
“丙型肝炎的死亡的人数在增加,”他说道,“因为感染这种病毒的人已经进入老龄化阶段,他们因为肝硬化和肝癌而加重病症，造成这种病毒感染。”
Hepatitis C was discovered in 1989, and Ward says most of the three million Americans who are infected with it were exposed before then - for example through contaminated blood transfusions⁴ or by injecting illicit⁵ drugs.
丙型肝炎在1989年被发现,沃德表示三百万美国人的绝大多数在通过例如被污染的输血或注射毒品之前已经受到感染。
A person can carry the virus for decades without any symptoms, until major, and often fatal, liver disease develops.
一个人可以携带病毒几十年而没有任何症状,直到扩散,并且通常是致命肝脏疾病发展。
Ward says the successes of the fight against HIV/AIDS could serve as a roadmap for battling hepatitis C. That includes more testing of people at risk, especially those born between 1945 and 1965, and developing a robust⁶ treatment network to reach patients with the latest generation of effective medicines.
沃德表示成功抗争HIV / AIDS的事例可对于与丙型肝炎抗争起到指导作用。这将包括更多的风险测试,尤其是对于那些出生在1945年与1965年之间的人来说更是如此,还要使用最新一代的有效药物为患者建立一个壮大的处理网络。
"And when we say effective, we're really talking about eliminating the viral infection - essentially⁷, a cure of the infection, not lifelong or ongoing⁸ chronic⁹ therapy, but a course of treatment that for 70 percent of persons can lead to elimination¹⁰ of the virus."
“当我们表示有效的时候,我们实际上是在讨论消除病毒感染——一种治疗的感染,而不是终身的或者是正在进行的慢性治疗,一个疗程的治疗会使70%的人会彻底消除病毒。”
He says the effort could save 80-120,000 lives over the coming years.
他表示这些努力在近未来可能拯救80至120000人的性命。

1 steadily   

adv.稳定地；不变地；持续地

参考例句：

• The scope of man's use of natural resources will steadily grow.人类利用自然资源的广度将日益扩大。
• Our educational reform was steadily led onto the correct path.我们的教学改革慢慢上轨道了。

2 relatively   

adv.比较...地，相对地

参考例句：

• The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
• The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

3 ward   

n.守卫，监护，病房，行政区，由监护人或法院保护的人（尤指儿童）；vt.守护，躲开

参考例句：

• The hospital has a medical ward and a surgical ward.这家医院有内科病房和外科病房。
• During the evening picnic,I'll carry a torch to ward off the bugs.傍晚野餐时，我要点根火把，抵挡蚊虫。

4 transfusions   

n.输血( transfusion的名词复数 )；输液；倾注；渗透

参考例句：

• Still, transfusions have apparently never spread the disease, even among hemophiliacs. 还有，输血很明显从未传播过这种病，即使在血友病人之间也是如此。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 口蹄疫疯牛病
• Blood transfusions are a special, limited example of tissue transplantation. 输血是一个特殊的、有限制的组织移植的例子。 来自辞典例句

5 illicit   

adj.非法的，禁止的，不正当的

参考例句：

• He had an illicit association with Jane.他和简曾有过不正当关系。
• Seizures of illicit drugs have increased by 30% this year.今年违禁药品的扣押增长了30%。

6 robust   

adj.强壮的，强健的，粗野的，需要体力的，浓的

参考例句：

• She is too tall and robust.她个子太高，身体太壮。
• China wants to keep growth robust to reduce poverty and avoid job losses,AP commented.美联社评论道，中国希望保持经济强势增长，以减少贫困和失业状况。

7 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

8 ongoing   

adj.进行中的，前进的

参考例句：

• The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
• The issues raised in the report relate directly to Age Concern's ongoing work in this area.报告中提出的问题与“关心老人”组织在这方面正在做的工作有直接的关系。

9 chronic   

adj.(疾病)长期未愈的，慢性的；极坏的

参考例句：

• Famine differs from chronic malnutrition.饥荒不同于慢性营养不良。
• Chronic poisoning may lead to death from inanition.慢性中毒也可能由虚弱导致死亡。

10 elimination   

n.排除，消除，消灭

参考例句：

• Their elimination from the competition was a great surprise.他们在比赛中遭到淘汰是个很大的意外。
• I was eliminated from the 400 metres in the semi-finals.我在400米半决赛中被淘汰。