Three new European financial watchdogs start work

    BRUSSELS, Jan. 3 (Xinhua) -- As the three new pan-European financial（金融的） watchdogs began to operate at the start of 2011, the European financial sector¹ will usher² in a new era of tough supervision³.
    "The date of Jan. 1, 2011 marks a turning point for the European financial sector," Michel Barnier, the European commissioner⁴ for internal markets and services, said in a statement released on Saturday.
    The three new bodies - the European Banking⁵ Authority (EBA), the European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority (EIOPA) and the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA), will oversee⁶ financial activities for banks, markets, insurances and pensions, respectively.
    They will be able to mediate⁷ among national financial supervisors⁸ and to impose temporary bans on risky⁹ financial products and activities.
    The three new bodies can also impose decisions directly on financial institutions（金融机构）, such as banks, so as to remedy breaches¹⁰ of EU law when national supervisors fail to act.
    Barnier pointed¹¹ out that the crisis highlighted the limits and sometimes the failures of Europe's supervision of the financial sector. The lack of coordination¹² among EU member states also contributed to the crisis.
    "Europe is learning the lessons from the crisis and that is why today, it is giving itself a new apparatus¹³ of surveillance and supervision," he said.
    Besides the three new agencies, the European Systemic Risk Board (ESRB), which will monitor and warn about the general build-up of risk in the Europe's economy, also started to work last month.
    The ESRB is tasked with developing a common set of indicators¹⁴ to permit uniform ratings of the riskiness¹⁵ of specific cross-border financial institutions and make it easier to identify the types of risks they carry.
    The board is attached to the European Central Bank and presided over by ECB President Jean-Claude Trichet for the first five years.
    Barnier said the ESRB was not meant to steal power from national authorities but to enhance cooperation among them.
    "With this new framework of financial supervision in Europe in place, we are putting into effect in practical terms the lessons learnt from the crisis," he said.
    Barnier noted¹⁶ that the new supervision framework was at the heart of the ongoing¹⁷ financial reforms and will be followed by other reforms, such as those for credit rating agencies, hedge funds, derivatives¹⁸ and stress tests.（本文由在线英语听力室整理编辑）

1 sector   

n.部门，部分；防御地段，防区；扇形

参考例句：

• The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。
• The enemy have attacked the British sector.敌人已进攻英国防区。

2 usher   

n.带位员，招待员；vt.引导，护送；vi.做招待，担任引座员

参考例句：

• The usher seated us in the front row.引座员让我们在前排就座。
• They were quickly ushered away.他们被迅速领开。

3 supervision   

n.监督，管理

参考例句：

• The work was done under my supervision.这项工作是在我的监督之下完成的。
• The old man's will was executed under the personal supervision of the lawyer.老人的遗嘱是在律师的亲自监督下执行的。

4 commissioner   

n.（政府厅、局、处等部门）专员，长官，委员

参考例句：

• The commissioner has issued a warrant for her arrest.专员发出了对她的逮捕令。
• He was tapped for police commissioner.他被任命为警务处长。

5 banking   

n.银行业，银行学，金融业

参考例句：

• John is launching his son on a career in banking.约翰打算让儿子在银行界谋一个新职位。
• He possesses an extensive knowledge of banking.他具有广博的银行业务知识。

6 oversee   

vt.监督，管理

参考例句：

• Soldiers oversee the food handouts.士兵们看管着救济食品。
• Use a surveyor or architect to oversee and inspect the different stages of the work.请一位房产检视员或建筑师来监督并检查不同阶段的工作。

7 mediate   

vi.调解，斡旋；vt.经调解解决；经斡旋促成

参考例句：

• The state must mediate the struggle for water resources.政府必须通过调解来解决对水资源的争夺。
• They may be able to mediate between parties with different interests.他们也许能在不同利益政党之间进行斡旋。

8 supervisors   

n.监督者，管理者( supervisor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• I think the best technical people make the best supervisors. 我认为最好的技术人员可以成为最好的管理人员。 来自辞典例句
• Even the foremen or first-level supervisors have a staffing responsibility. 甚至领班或第一线的监督人员也有任用的责任。 来自辞典例句

9 risky   

adj.有风险的，冒险的

参考例句：

• It may be risky but we will chance it anyhow.这可能有危险，但我们无论如何要冒一冒险。
• He is well aware how risky this investment is.他心里对这项投资的风险十分清楚。

10 breaches   

破坏( breach的名词复数 )； 破裂； 缺口； 违背

参考例句：

• He imposed heavy penalties for breaches of oath or pledges. 他对违反誓言和保证的行为给予严厉的惩罚。
• This renders all breaches of morality before marriage very uncommon. 这样一来，婚前败坏道德的事就少见了。

11 pointed   

adj.尖的，直截了当的

参考例句：

• He gave me a very sharp pointed pencil.他给我一支削得非常尖的铅笔。
• She wished to show Mrs.John Dashwood by this pointed invitation to her brother.她想通过对达茨伍德夫人提出直截了当的邀请向她的哥哥表示出来。

12 coordination   

n.协调，协作

参考例句：

• Gymnastics is a sport that requires a considerable level of coordination.体操是一项需要高协调性的运动。
• The perfect coordination of the dancers and singers added a rhythmic charm to the performance.舞蹈演员和歌手们配合得很好，使演出更具魅力。

13 apparatus   

n.装置，器械；器具，设备

参考例句：

• The school's audio apparatus includes films and records.学校的视听设备包括放映机和录音机。
• They had a very refined apparatus.他们有一套非常精良的设备。

14 indicators   

（仪器上显示温度、压力、耗油量等的）指针( indicator的名词复数 )； 指示物； （车辆上的）转弯指示灯； 指示信号

参考例句：

• The economic indicators are better than expected. 经济指标比预期的好。
• It is still difficult to develop indicators for many concepts used in social science. 为社会科学领域的许多概念确立一个指标仍然很难。

15 riskiness   

n.风险性

参考例句：

• As they do, the riskiness of the system steadily increases. 因此他们乐于更多地借贷。
• Small town banks have to assess the relative riskiness of threir loans. 小城市的银行必须预估他们贷款相当的冒险。

16 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

17 ongoing   

adj.进行中的，前进的

参考例句：

• The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
• The issues raised in the report relate directly to Age Concern's ongoing work in this area.报告中提出的问题与“关心老人”组织在这方面正在做的工作有直接的关系。

18 derivatives   

n.衍生性金融商品；派生物，引出物( derivative的名词复数 )；导数

参考例句：

• Many English words are derivatives of Latin words. 许多英语词来自拉丁语。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• These compounds are nitrosohydroxylamine derivatives. 这类合成物是亚硝基羟胺衍生物。 来自辞典例句