欧洲数千人就移民危机集会

 　　Rallies engulfed¹ Europe on Saturday in response to the escalating³ refugee crisis.

　　Tens of thousands of people filled central London to protest the British government's position on the migrants' plight⁴. Human rights activists⁵, politicians and performers marched to Parliament Square in solidarity⁶ with the refugees, who are trying to escape armed conflicts, especially in the Middle East.

　　Protesters were holding placards reading “Open the Borders” and “Refugees In, Tories Out,” a reference to the party of Prime Minister David Cameron. Cameron agreed last week to take in 20,000 refugees over five years.

　　Five hundred thousand migrants and refugees have been seeking asylum⁷ in European Union countries this year.

　　Thousands Rally in Europe Over Migrant Crisis

　　A crowd of about 30,000 people rallied in Copenhagen, Denmark, where local media reported demonstrators held up signs reading “Refugees Welcome” and “Europe is the closest neighborhood to Syria."

　　In Stockholm, Sweden, about 1,000 people gathered in a show of support for a more generous government policy on welcoming refugees.

　　But about 5,000 people joined a protest against migrants in Warsaw, Poland, where the government has opposed fixed⁸ refugee quotas¹⁰ proposed by the European Union.  Many of them chanted anti-Islamic slogans, foreign media reported, while a much smaller number, about 1,000 people, rallied in favor of welcoming migrants into Poland.

　　Hungary plan criticized

　　Hungary's plan to build a large fence, deploy¹¹ the army and jail immigrants drew harsh criticism from Austrian Chancellor¹² Werner Faymann, who compared Hungary's treatment of migrants to the Nazi¹³ era.

　　"Piling refugees on trains in the hopes that they go far, far away brings back memories of the darkest period of our continent," Faymann was quoted as saying Saturday by the German weekly Der Spiegel.

　　Hungarian Foreign Minister Peter Szijjarto said Faymann's comments were “totally unworthy of any leading 21st-century European politician.”  Hungary summoned the Austrian ambassador in Budapest to object to the comments.

　　Hungary has seen more than 180,000 migrants and refugees this year going through its territory to cross the border to Austria, with Germany as their final destination.

　　Sharing the burden

　　Speaking in Berlin on Saturday, German Chancellor Angela Merkel urged the EU member states to share the responsibility of accepting people seeking asylum. Germany expects to take in 800,000 migrants and refugees this year alone.

　　East European countries, the United States and rich Persian Gulf² nations are coming under sharp criticism from human rights groups for not doing enough to help with the migrant crisis.

　　Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban has called for a massive European aid package for Syria's neighbors to help curb¹⁴ the flow of migrants into the European Union.

　　Orban spoke¹⁵ Friday with Germany's Bild newspaper, defending his reluctance¹⁶ to admit more migrants into the EU through Hungary.

　　The prime minister said Syrian refugees already had a safe place to stay in the refugee camps surrounding Syria, and maintained that those coming to Europe were not in fact seeking safety but instead just a better living standard.

　　He said each country in the EU should contribute an additional 1 percent to the EU budget, to be gleaned¹⁷ from spending cuts elsewhere to make up a $3.4 billion aid package to give to Syria's neighbors, Turkey, Lebanon and Jordan.

　　He also blamed refugees' failure to follow rules on Germany's announcement that it would accept thousands of applications for asylum, in what he said was a break from EU policy. He said that announcement caused a revolt among asylum-seekers waiting to register in Hungary.

　　Orban also said a quota⁹ of refugees to be allocated¹⁸ to each EU nation made no sense unless Europe's borders were closed, because otherwise it would be impossible to know how many refugees needed placement. He said the stream of incoming people would continue as long as the borders were open.

　　Economic migrants?

　　Austria's Faymann told Der Spiegel that Orban was acting¹⁹ "irresponsibly" when he maintained that all the refugees were economic ones. He said Austria, Germany and Sweden — the countries that have been the most welcoming to the current influx²⁰ of people — recognize that the migrants are war refugees and stand by their right to asylum.

　　On Friday at a meeting in Prague, the foreign ministers of Hungary, the Czech Republic, Poland and Slovakia refused entreaties²¹ by their counterparts from Germany and Luxembourg to accept the mandatory²² quotas, despite the plan's   endorsement²³ by the United Nations.

　　?The plan allows for the distribution of 160,000 migrants among the 28 EU member nations.

　　“We need to have control over how many [migrants] we are capable of accepting,” said Czech Foreign Minister Lubomir Zaoralek, host of the gathering²⁴.

　　Germany’s Frank-Walter Steinmeier had urged a unified²⁵ approach to dealing²⁶ with Europe’s largest refugee crisis since World War II, possibly “the biggest challenge for the EU in its history,” he said.

　　Steinmeier also called for a "fair distribution mechanism²⁷" for dealing with the additional migrants expected to enter Europe. His country receives more asylum requests than any other European nation.

　　Denmark declines plan

　　Denmark also announced Friday that it would not absorb any of 160,000 asylum seekers. “We have taken our share,” Integration²⁸ Minister Inger Stojberg said.

　　More than 3,000 migrants arrived in Denmark this week, though most had indicated they were en route to friendlier Sweden.

　　The dissension prompted the European Council's president, Donald Tusk²⁹, to say Friday that he would call a summit of EU leaders this month unless their ministers could agree Monday on how the bloc³⁰ should cope with the migrant surge.

　　Meanwhile, the U.N. High Commissioner³¹ for Refugees (UNHCR) voiced support for the EU distribution plan but also noted³² that by year’s end the EU would have to relocate 200,000 refugees from the front-line countries of Greece, Italy and Hungary.

　　The U.N. called for the immediate³³ establishment of large-scale reception centers in those countries.

　　The UNHCR also welcomed Washington’s offer to accept 10,000 more refugees and increase its humanitarian³⁴ assistance to Syrians fleeing violence at home. But it said “the United States could and should do more.”

　　More on U.S. plan

　　The United States has taken in about 1,500 refugees from Syria since its civil war broke out more than four years ago.

　　White House spokesman Josh Earnest said the president approved accepting more of the refugees beginning in October.

　　The White House promised "robust³⁵" background checks on the new arrivals to ensure that national security is not endangered. U.S. intelligence chief James Clapper said this week that he feared Islamic State militants³⁶ might infiltrate³⁷ the refugees escaping conflict in the Mideast as they head to other countries.

1 engulfed   

v.吞没，包住( engulf的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He was engulfed by a crowd of reporters. 他被一群记者团团围住。
• The little boat was engulfed by the waves. 小船被波浪吞没了。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 gulf   

n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂

参考例句：

• The gulf between the two leaders cannot be bridged.两位领导人之间的鸿沟难以跨越。
• There is a gulf between the two cities.这两座城市间有个海湾。

3 escalating   

v.（使）逐步升级( escalate的现在分词 )；（使）逐步扩大；（使）更高；（使）更大

参考例句：

• The cost of living is escalating. 生活费用在迅速上涨。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The cost of living is escalating in the country. 这个国家的生活费用在上涨。 来自辞典例句

4 plight   

n.困境，境况，誓约，艰难；vt.宣誓，保证，约定

参考例句：

• The leader was much concerned over the plight of the refugees.那位领袖对难民的困境很担忧。
• She was in a most helpless plight.她真不知如何是好。

5 activists   

n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
• Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 solidarity   

n.团结；休戚相关

参考例句：

• They must preserve their solidarity.他们必须维护他们的团结。
• The solidarity among China's various nationalities is as firm as a rock.中国各族人民之间的团结坚如磐石。

7 asylum   

n.避难所，庇护所，避难

参考例句：

• The people ask for political asylum.人们请求政治避难。
• Having sought asylum in the West for many years,they were eventually granted it.他们最终获得了在西方寻求多年的避难权。

8 fixed   

adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的

参考例句：

• Have you two fixed on a date for the wedding yet?你们俩选定婚期了吗？
• Once the aim is fixed,we should not change it arbitrarily.目标一旦确定，我们就不应该随意改变。

9 quota   

n.（生产、进出口等的）配额，（移民的）限额

参考例句：

• A restricted import quota was set for meat products.肉类产品设定了进口配额。
• He overfulfilled his production quota for two months running.他一连两个月超额完成生产指标。

10 quotas   

（正式限定的）定量( quota的名词复数 )； 定额； 指标； 摊派

参考例句：

• In fulfilling the production quotas, John made rings round all his fellow workers. 约翰完成生产定额大大超过他的同事们。
• Quotas of the means of production are allocated by the higher administrative bodies to the lower ones. 物资指标按隶属关系分配。

11 deploy   

v.（军）散开成战斗队形，布置，展开

参考例句：

• The infantry began to deploy at dawn.步兵黎明时开始进入战斗位置。
• The president said he had no intention of deploying ground troops.总统称并不打算部署地面部队。

12 chancellor   

n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长

参考例句：

• They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday.他们昨天向财政大臣递交了报告。
• He was regarded as the most successful Chancellor of modern times.他被认为是现代最成功的财政大臣。

13 Nazi   

n.纳粹分子，adj.纳粹党的，纳粹的

参考例句：

• They declare the Nazi regime overthrown and sue for peace.他们宣布纳粹政权已被推翻，并出面求和。
• Nazi closes those war criminals inside their concentration camp.纳粹把那些战犯关在他们的集中营里。

14 curb   

n.场外证券市场，场外交易；vt.制止，抑制

参考例句：

• I could not curb my anger.我按捺不住我的愤怒。
• You must curb your daughter when you are in church.你在教堂时必须管住你的女儿。

15 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

16 reluctance   

n.厌恶，讨厌，勉强，不情愿

参考例句：

• The police released Andrew with reluctance.警方勉强把安德鲁放走了。
• He showed the greatest reluctance to make a reply.他表示很不愿意答复。

17 gleaned   

v.一点点地收集（资料、事实）( glean的过去式和过去分词 )；（收割后）拾穗

参考例句：

• These figures have been gleaned from a number of studies. 这些数据是通过多次研究收集得来的。
• A valuable lesson may be gleaned from it by those who have eyes to see. 明眼人可从中记取宝贵的教训。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

18 allocated   

adj. 分配的 动词allocate的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• The Ford Foundation allocated millions of dollars for cancer research. 福特基金会拨款数百万美元用于癌症研究。
• More funds will now be allocated to charitable organizations. 现在会拨更多的资金给慈善组织。

19 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

20 influx   

n.流入，注入

参考例句：

• The country simply cannot absorb this influx of refugees.这个国家实在不能接纳这么多涌入的难民。
• Textile workers favoured protection because they feared an influx of cheap cloth.纺织工人拥护贸易保护措施，因为他们担心涌入廉价纺织品。

21 entreaties   

n.恳求，乞求( entreaty的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• He began with entreaties and ended with a threat. 他先是恳求，最后是威胁。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The tyrant was deaf to the entreaties of the slaves. 暴君听不到奴隶们的哀鸣。 来自《简明英汉词典》

22 mandatory   

adj.命令的；强制的；义务的；n.受托者

参考例句：

• It's mandatory to pay taxes.缴税是义务性的。
• There is no mandatory paid annual leave in the U.S.美国没有强制带薪年假。

23 endorsement   

n.背书；赞成，认可，担保；签(注)，批注

参考例句：

• We are happy to give the product our full endorsement.我们很高兴给予该产品完全的认可。
• His presidential campaign won endorsement from several celebrities.他参加总统竞选得到一些社会名流的支持。

24 gathering   

n.集会，聚会，聚集

参考例句：

• He called on Mr. White to speak at the gathering.他请怀特先生在集会上讲话。
• He is on the wing gathering material for his novels.他正忙于为他的小说收集资料。

25 unified   

(unify 的过去式和过去分词)； 统一的； 统一标准的； 一元化的

参考例句：

• The teacher unified the answer of her pupil with hers. 老师核对了学生的答案。
• The First Emperor of Qin unified China in 221 B.C. 秦始皇于公元前221年统一中国。

26 dealing   

n.经商方法，待人态度

参考例句：

• This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
• His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。

27 mechanism   

n.机械装置；机构，结构

参考例句：

• The bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body.骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成部件。
• The mechanism of the machine is very complicated.这台机器的结构是非常复杂的。

28 integration   

n.一体化，联合，结合

参考例句：

• We are working to bring about closer political integration in the EU.我们正在努力实现欧盟內部更加紧密的政治一体化。
• This was the greatest event in the annals of European integration.这是欧洲统一史上最重大的事件。

29 tusk   

n.獠牙，长牙，象牙

参考例句：

• The wild boar had its tusk sunk deeply into a tree and howled desperately.野猪的獠牙陷在了树里，绝望地嗥叫着。
• A huge tusk decorated the wall of his study.他书房的墙上装饰着一支巨大的象牙。

30 bloc   

n.集团；联盟

参考例句：

• A solid bloc of union members support the decision.工会会员团结起来支持该决定。
• There have been growing tensions within the trading bloc.贸易同盟国的关系越来越紧张。

31 commissioner   

n.（政府厅、局、处等部门）专员，长官，委员

参考例句：

• The commissioner has issued a warrant for her arrest.专员发出了对她的逮捕令。
• He was tapped for police commissioner.他被任命为警务处长。

32 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

33 immediate   

adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的

参考例句：

• His immediate neighbours felt it their duty to call.他的近邻认为他们有责任去拜访。
• We declared ourselves for the immediate convocation of the meeting.我们主张立即召开这个会议。

34 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

35 robust   

adj.强壮的，强健的，粗野的，需要体力的，浓的

参考例句：

• She is too tall and robust.她个子太高，身体太壮。
• China wants to keep growth robust to reduce poverty and avoid job losses,AP commented.美联社评论道，中国希望保持经济强势增长，以减少贫困和失业状况。

36 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

37 infiltrate   

vt./vi.渗入，透过；浸润

参考例句：

• The teacher tried to infiltrate her ideas into the children's minds.老师设法把她的思想渗透到孩子们的心中。
• It can infiltrate as much as 100 kilometers into enemy territory at night.可以在夜间深入敌领土100千米。