美国有线新闻 CNN 特朗普提名卡瓦诺任最高法院大法官

U.S. High Court is set to get a new justice. Those who serve there essentially¹ stay as long as they want. In Article 3, Section 1, the U.S. Constitution states that Supreme² Court Justices quote "shall hold their offices during good behavior." It does not set a limit for how long they can serve. Many justices has passed away while they were still on the High Court. Many have chosen to retire. Associate Justice Anthony Kennedy announced his retirement³ earlier this year. He's been serving since U.S. President Ronald Reagan appointed him in 1988. After Justice Kennedy set a date for his retirement, the next step was for President Donald Trump⁴ to nominate Kennedy's replacement⁵.

美国最高法院将迎来一位新大法官。基本上来说，最高法院大法官想任职多长时间就可以任职多长时间。美国宪法第三条第一款规定，最高法院所有法官都必须“尽忠职守”。但是并没有限定法官的任职时长。许多法官在去世时还未离开最高法院。也有许多人选择退休。今年早些时候，大法官安东尼·肯尼迪宣布退休。他在1988年被罗纳德·里根总统任命为最高法院大法官，从那时起一直在最高法院任职。在肯尼迪大法官确定退休日期之后，唐纳德·特朗普总统要提名人选来接替肯尼迪。

And on July 9th the President named Judge Brett Kavanaugh as his nominee⁶ to serve on the High Court. Kavanaugh is 53 years old. He's currently a judge in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit. He's President Trump's second nominee to the High Court. The first nominee was Judge Neil Gorsuch who was confirmed in April of 2017. He filled a vacancy⁷ left by the death of Associate Justice Antonin Scalia. Just like Justice Gorsuch, Judge Kavanaugh will have to go through a Senate confirmation⁸ process and that doesn't necessarily mean he'll get the job. Before any Presidential nominee can take the bench, the Constitution requires the Senate to provide advice and consent to the President. As part of that, Judge Kavanaugh Senate confirmation hearings are set to begin on September 4th.

7月9日，总统提名布雷特·卡瓦诺法官为最高法院大法官。卡瓦诺今年53岁。他目前是哥伦比亚特区巡回上诉法院法官。他是特朗普总统的第二个最高法院大法官提名人选。总统第一个提名人选是尼尔·戈萨奇法官，他在2017年4月得到确认。他填补了因大法官安东宁·斯卡利亚去世而留下的空缺。和戈萨奇法官一样，卡瓦诺法官也必须通过参议院的确认程序，但是那并不一定意味着他将得到这一职位。宪法规定，在总统提名人选获得大法官一职之前，参议院要向总统提供建议和意见。作为这项工作的一部分，卡瓦诺法官的参议院提名确认听证会将于9月4日开始。

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: The Supreme Court in 60 seconds. You don't need any particular qualifications to be on the Court. You just need a President willing to push you up Pennsylvania Avenue as his nominee. Brett Kavanaugh has that so what's next? At the Capitol Hill meet with the Senate Judiciary Committee, 11 Republicans and 10 Democrats⁹ who will have collected all sorts of information from colleagues and acquaintances and old court records, maybe even law enforcement. And they'll have a lot of questions for him about his resume and his legal opinions and his ideas at the end of which they will vote to either confirm his nomination¹⁰ or to reject his nomination or neither.

身份不明的男性：现在我们用60秒的时间来介绍一下美国最高法院。要成为最高法院大法官，不需要任何特定的资格。只要总统愿意提名你，将你送往宾夕法尼亚大道。布雷特·卡瓦诺已得到了总统的提名，那下一步呢？他将在美国国会山与参议院司法委员会面谈，该委员会的11名共和党议员以及10名民主党议员将从提名人选的同事、熟识以及旧法庭记录处收集各种信息，他们甚至还会从执法人员那里收集各种信息。之后，他们会就他的简历、司法观点以及他的想法进行大量提问，最后，他们将举行投票，确认或拒绝他的提名，议员也可以在投票中弃权。

Then they send him on to the full Senate. And here on the open floor the debate will rage between those who really want the candidate confirmed and those who really don't. 51 Senators can vote to stop the debate. Just as many can vote for confirmation. In the event of the tie, the Vice-President decides. And if Kavanaugh is confirmed his new job is right across the street.

然后，他们将他的提名交给参议院全体议员进行决定。届时参议院内想确认其提名的议员和想拒绝其提名的议员将展开激烈辩论。只要有51名参议员支持就可以终结辩论。另外，只要有51名参议员投赞成票，提名就可以得到确认。在投票出现平局时，将由副总统做出最终决定。卡瓦诺能否获得确认并任职新职务，很快就会见分晓。

1 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

2 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

3 retirement   

n.退休，退职

参考例句：

• She wanted to enjoy her retirement without being beset by financial worries.她想享受退休生活而不必为金钱担忧。
• I have to put everything away for my retirement.我必须把一切都积蓄起来以便退休后用。

4 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

5 replacement   

n.取代，替换，交换；替代品，代用品

参考例句：

• We are hard put to find a replacement for our assistant.我们很难找到一个人来代替我们的助手。
• They put all the students through the replacement examination.他们让所有的学生参加分班考试。

6 nominee   

n.被提名者；被任命者；被推荐者

参考例句：

• His nominee for vice president was elected only after a second ballot.他提名的副总统在两轮投票后才当选。
• Mr.Francisco is standing as the official nominee for the post of District Secretary.弗朗西斯科先生是行政书记职位的正式提名人。

7 vacancy   

n.（旅馆的）空位，空房，（职务的）空缺

参考例句：

• Her going on maternity leave will create a temporary vacancy.她休产假时将会有一个临时空缺。
• The vacancy of her expression made me doubt if she was listening.她茫然的神情让我怀疑她是否在听。

8 confirmation   

n.证实，确认，批准

参考例句：

• We are waiting for confirmation of the news.我们正在等待证实那个消息。
• We need confirmation in writing before we can send your order out.给你们发送订购的货物之前，我们需要书面确认。

9 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 nomination   

n.提名，任命，提名权

参考例句：

• John is favourite to get the nomination for club president.约翰最有希望被提名为俱乐部主席。
• Few people pronounced for his nomination.很少人表示赞成他的提名。