2019年经济学人 一周要闻 特朗普发表国情咨文演讲 布克角逐2020大选 欧盟建易货贸易体系规避制裁

 

The world of this week Politics

本周要闻 政治

Donald Trump¹ gave his state-of-the-union speech to Congress, delayed by a week because of wrangling² over government spending. He again called for tougher curbs³ on illegal immigration, calling it a “moral duty”. He also said that any new trade deal with China “must include real, structural⁴ change to end unfair trade practices…and protect American jobs”. In a rare cordial moment, Mr Trump welcomed the record number of women in work, drawing whoops⁵ and cheers from Democratic congresswomen, who had dressed in white for the occasion.

唐纳德·特朗普向国会发表国情咨文演讲，因政府开支的争论导致该演讲被推迟了一周。他再次呼吁更严格地限制非法移民，称这是一种“道义责任”。他还表示，与中国的任何新贸易协议“都必须包括结束不公平贸易行为……并保护美国的就业机会的切实、结构性变革”。在一个少见的热情时刻，特朗普还对创纪录的女性公职人数表示欢迎，此举引起了身着白色礼服的民主党国会女议员的欢呼。

Virginia’s state government seemed unable to find anyone to run the place who has not either applied⁷ boot polish to his face while at college or been accused of sexual assault. Ralph Northam, a Democrat⁶ who was initially⁸ unsure whether he was one of those depicted⁹ in a photo of a man in blackface and another in Ku Klux Klan robes, remains¹⁰ the state’s governor.

维吉尼亚州政府似乎很难找到一位既没在大学期间往脸上涂鞋油也没有被控性侵的人来管理该州。民主党人拉尔夫·诺瑟姆(Ralph Northam)最初并不承认自己是否是照片中的黑脸男子和三k党(Ku Klux Klan)成员之一，但他仍然担任该州州长。

Cory Booker joined the race to become the Democrats’ presidential nominee¹¹ in 2020. The first black senator to represent New Jersey¹², Mr Booker is the fourth heavy-hitter to enter the campaign.

科里·布克参加了2020年民主党总统候选人的角逐。作为代表新泽西的首位黑人参议员，布克先生是参选的第四位重量级人物。

A friend indeed

患难见真情

French warplanes bombed a convoy¹³ carrying rebels who had crossed into Chad from Libya. The air strikes in support of Chadian troops are a sign of the willingness of France to use force to prop¹⁴ up the government of Idriss Déby, one of its more important regional allies in the fight against jihadists.

法国战机轰炸了从利比亚进入乍得的叛军车队。这一支持乍得军队的空袭表明，法国愿意动用武力支持伊德里斯·代比(Idriss Deby)的政府部队。代比是法国在打击圣战分子方面更重要的地区盟友之一。

The government and rebel groups in the Central African Republic signed a peace deal aimed at ending more than five years of fighting. Their conflict broke out in 2013 after Islamist groups overthrew¹⁵ the then government.

中非共和国的政府和反叛组织签署了一项和平协议，旨在结束五年多的战乱。2013年，伊斯兰组织推翻了当时的政府，双方爆发了冲突。

The armed forces of Burkina Faso said they had killed 146 jihadists near the border with Mali. Security in the country has deteriorated¹⁶ since a jihadist uprising in Mali in 2012.

布基纳法索武装部队表示，他们在马里边境杀死了146名圣战分子。自2012年马里发生圣战起义以来，该国的安全局势一直在恶化。

Pope Francis celebrated¹⁷ mass in Abu Dhabi, the capital of the United Arab Emirates. It was the first visit by a pope to the Arabian peninsula, the birthplace of Islam. The pope lamented¹⁸ the region’s wars, including the one in Yemen, where the UAE is involved. He also called on Gulf¹⁹ countries to allow more members of religious minorities to become citizens.

教宗方济各在阿联酋首都阿布扎比举行弥撒。这是教皇首次访问伊斯兰教的发源地——阿拉伯半岛。教皇对中东地区的战争表示遗憾，包括位于也门的战争，阿联酋也卷入其中。他还呼吁海湾国家允许更多的宗教少数派成为公民。

Things can only get better

渐入佳境

Robert Biedron, Poland’s first openly gay mayor, founded a new pro-EU party to contest the European Parliament elections in May. The party, Wiosna (“Spring”), supports higher social spending, civil partnerships²⁰ for gay couples and ending Poland’s reliance on coal. It is polling at about 10%.

波兰首位公开同性恋身份的市长罗伯特·比德隆(Robert Biedron)成立了一个新的亲欧盟政党，旨在参加今年5月份的欧洲议会选举。该政党Wiosna(“春天”)支持增加社会支出，为同性恋伴侣提供法定伴侣关系，并结束波兰对于煤炭的依赖。该政党的民意测验支持率约为10%。

The EU established a special-purpose corporation to help it evade²¹ sanctions that America has imposed for doing business with Iran. The company, Instex, will co-ordinate barter²² exchanges to allow Iran to do business with companies from European countries still participating in the nuclear non-proliferation deal, from which America withdrew last year.

欧盟成立了一家特殊目的公司，借此规避美国对伊朗的经济往来实施的制裁。Instex公司将协调易货交易，使伊朗能够与仍在参与核不扩散协议的欧洲国家的公司做生意。美国去年退出了该协议。

1 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

2 wrangling   

v.争吵，争论，口角( wrangle的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• The two sides have spent most of their time wrangling over procedural problems. 双方大部分时间都在围绕程序问题争论不休。 来自辞典例句
• The children were wrangling (with each other) over the new toy. 孩子为新玩具（互相）争吵。 来自辞典例句

3 curbs   

v.限制，克制，抑制( curb的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• In executing his functions he is not bound by any legal curbs on his power. 在他履行职务时，他的权力是不受任何法律约束的。 来自辞典例句
• Curbs on air travel were being worked out and would shortly be announced. 限制航空旅行的有关规定正在拟定中，不久即将公布。 来自辞典例句

4 structural   

adj.构造的，组织的，建筑（用）的

参考例句：

• The storm caused no structural damage.风暴没有造成建筑结构方面的破坏。
• The North American continent is made up of three great structural entities.北美大陆是由三个构造单元组成的。

5 whoops   

int.呼喊声

参考例句：

• Whoops! Careful, you almost spilt coffee everywhere. 哎哟！小心点，你差点把咖啡洒得到处都是。
• We were awakened by the whoops of the sick baby. 生病婴儿的喘息声把我们弄醒了。

6 democrat   

n.民主主义者，民主人士；民主党党员

参考例句：

• The Democrat and the Public criticized each other.民主党人和共和党人互相攻击。
• About two years later,he was defeated by Democrat Jimmy Carter.大约两年后，他被民主党人杰米卡特击败。

7 applied   

adj.应用的；v.应用，适用

参考例句：

• She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
• This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。

8 initially   

adv.最初，开始

参考例句：

• The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
• Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。

9 depicted   

描绘，描画( depict的过去式和过去分词 )； 描述

参考例句：

• Other animals were depicted on the periphery of the group. 其他动物在群像的外围加以修饰。
• They depicted the thrilling situation to us in great detail. 他们向我们详细地描述了那激动人心的场面。

10 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

11 nominee   

n.被提名者；被任命者；被推荐者

参考例句：

• His nominee for vice president was elected only after a second ballot.他提名的副总统在两轮投票后才当选。
• Mr.Francisco is standing as the official nominee for the post of District Secretary.弗朗西斯科先生是行政书记职位的正式提名人。

12 jersey   

n.运动衫

参考例句：

• He wears a cotton jersey when he plays football.他穿运动衫踢足球。
• They were dressed alike in blue jersey and knickers.他们穿着一致，都是蓝色的运动衫和灯笼短裤。

13 convoy   

vt.护送，护卫，护航；n.护送；护送队

参考例句：

• The convoy was snowed up on the main road.护送队被大雪困在干路上了。
• Warships will accompany the convoy across the Atlantic.战舰将护送该船队过大西洋。

14 prop   

vt.支撑；n.支柱，支撑物；支持者，靠山

参考例句：

• A worker put a prop against the wall of the tunnel to keep it from falling.一名工人用东西支撑住隧道壁好使它不会倒塌。
• The government does not intend to prop up declining industries.政府无意扶持不景气的企业。

15 overthrew   

overthrow的过去式

参考例句：

• The people finally rose up and overthrew the reactionary regime. 人们终于起来把反动的政权推翻了。
• They overthrew their King. 他们推翻了国王。

16 deteriorated   

恶化，变坏( deteriorate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Her health deteriorated rapidly, and she died shortly afterwards. 她的健康状况急剧恶化，不久便去世了。
• His condition steadily deteriorated. 他的病情恶化，日甚一日。

17 celebrated   

adj.有名的，声誉卓著的

参考例句：

• He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.不久他就成了英格兰最负盛名的年轻画家之一。
• The celebrated violinist was mobbed by the audience.观众团团围住了这位著名的小提琴演奏家。

18 lamented   

adj.被哀悼的，令人遗憾的v.（为…）哀悼，痛哭，悲伤( lament的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• her late lamented husband 她那令人怀念的已故的丈夫
• We lamented over our bad luck. 我们为自己的不幸而悲伤。 来自《简明英汉词典》

19 gulf   

n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂

参考例句：

• The gulf between the two leaders cannot be bridged.两位领导人之间的鸿沟难以跨越。
• There is a gulf between the two cities.这两座城市间有个海湾。

20 partnerships   

n.伙伴关系( partnership的名词复数 )；合伙人身份；合作关系

参考例句：

• Partnerships suffer another major disadvantage: decision-making is shared. 合伙企业的另一主要缺点是决定要由大家来作。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件
• It involved selling off limited partnerships. 它涉及到售出有限的合伙权。 来自辞典例句

21 evade   

vt.逃避，回避；避开，躲避

参考例句：

• He tried to evade the embarrassing question.他企图回避这令人难堪的问题。
• You are in charge of the job.How could you evade the issue?你是负责人，你怎么能对这个问题不置可否？

22 barter   

n.物物交换，以货易货，实物交易

参考例句：

• Chickens,goats and rabbits were offered for barter at the bazaar.在集市上，鸡、山羊和兔子被摆出来作物物交换之用。
• They have arranged food imports on a barter basis.他们以易货贸易的方式安排食品进口。