2019年经济学人 一周要闻 众议院提交弹劾文件 以色列再次大选 美伊交换战俘

 

The world this week

本周要闻

Politics

政治

The House of Representatives presented two articles of impeachment¹ against Donald Trump²: that the president abused his power by pressing Ukraine to dig up dirt on Joe Biden, and that he obstructed³ Congress by insisting that key witnesses cannot testify. The votes on those charges are expected to be swift and along party lines in the House. Mr Trump could be impeached⁴ before Christmas, setting up a trial early next year in the Senate, which will in all likelihood acquit⁵ him.

众议院提交了两份针对特朗普的弹劾文件:一份是总统滥用职权，迫使乌克兰挖掘乔·拜登的丑闻；另一份是他坚称关键证人不能作证，从而阻挠国会听证。有关这些指控的投票预计将很快进行，并在众议院按照党派路线进行。特朗普可能会在圣诞节前被弹劾，并于明年初在参议院接受审判，届时他极有可能被无罪释放。

Officials in Jersey⁶ City, which lies across the Hudson river from Manhattan, said three people murdered in a kosher market may have been targeted for anti-Semitic reasons. The two shooters, linked to a black hate group that considers itself the true Israelites, also killed a policeman before entering the store. The suspects were killed during an hours-long gun battle with police.

与曼哈顿隔哈德逊河相望的泽西城的官员表示，在犹太洁食市场被杀的三人可能是反犹太势力的目标。这两名枪手与一个自认为是真正的以色列人的黑人仇恨组织有关，他们在进入商店前还杀害了一名警察。嫌疑人在与警方长达一小时的枪战中被击毙。

A trainee⁷ in the Saudi air force murdered three sailors at a navy training base in Pensacola, Florida, before being shot dead by police. The motive⁸ was unclear but terrorism is one line of inquiry⁹.

一名沙特空军学员在佛罗里达州彭萨科拉的海军训练基地杀害了三名海军士兵，随后被警方击毙。其动机尚不清楚，但调查的路线不排除恐怖主义。

First-day priorities

初上任的第一把火

Alberto Fernández, a Peronist, took office as Argentina’s president. The economy he inherits from his centre-right predecessor¹⁰, Mauricio Macri, is in recession and has an inflation rate of more than 50%. In his inauguration¹¹ address Mr Fernández promised to end the “social catastrophe” of hunger and said Argentina could not pay its foreign creditors¹² unless its economy grows.

庇隆主义者阿尔贝托·费尔南德斯就任阿根廷总统。他从中右翼前任总统毛里西奥·马克里手中接过经济已陷入衰退的国家，该国通胀率超过50%。在其就职演说中，费尔南德斯承诺将结束饥饿带来的“社会灾难”，并表示除非经济增长，否则阿根廷将无法偿还外国债权人的债务。

Genaro García Luna, who was Mexico’s secretary of public security during the presidency¹³ of Felipe Calderón, was arrested in Texas. Prosecutors¹⁴ say he took millions of dollars in cash from the Sinaloa drug gang in exchange for protecting its activities and providing intelligence to it. Mr Calderón, who was president from 2006 to 2012, waged a bloody¹⁵ war against Mexico’s drug gangs.

于墨西哥前总统费利佩·卡尔德龙任总统期间的公共安全部长格纳罗·加西亚·卢纳在德克萨斯州被捕。检察官表示，他从锡那罗亚贩毒集团获取了数百万美元的现金，以换取保护其活动和向其提供情报。卡尔德隆于2006年至2012年担任墨西哥总统，他发动了一场针对墨西哥贩毒团伙的血腥战争。

Honduras’s congress voted to recommend that the president not renew the mandate¹⁶ of MACCIH, a corruption-fighting mission backed by the Organisation¹⁷ of American States. Lawmakers complained that it disclosed names of people under investigation¹⁸, but most Hondurans back MACCIH, which helped to jail a former first lady.

洪都拉斯国会投票建议总统不要延长反腐败及有罪不罚现象委员会（MACCIH）的任期，这是一个由美洲国家组织支持的反腐败机构。议员们抱怨称，其披露了被调查人员的姓名，但是大多数洪都拉斯人支持该委员会，因为一位前第一夫人就是因此被关押。

None of Israel’s political parties was able to form a government before the December 12th deadline, so the country will hold another election, its third in less than a year, on March 2nd. Polls show little change in voter preferences.

在12月12日的最后期限之前，没有一个以色列政党能够组建政府，所以该国将在3月2日再次举行选举，这是不到一年内的第三次选举。民调显示，选民的偏好变化不大。

America and Iran exchanged prisoners in a rare bit of diplomacy¹⁹ between the two countries. The swap²⁰ involved a Chinese-American researcher who had been convicted of spying in Iran, and an Iranian stem-cell scientist who was held by America for trying to export biological material.

美国和伊朗在两国罕见的外交活动中交换了战俘。交换的对象包括一名在伊朗从事间谍活动的美籍华人研究员和一名因试图出口生物材料而被美国拘留的伊朗干细胞科学家。

Opposition²¹ activists²² claimed that up to 1m people took to the streets in Conakry, the capital of Guinea, to protest against the rule of President Alpha Condé. Mr Condé is meant to step down at the end of his second term next year, but he may try to change the constitution so that he can run for a third term.

反对派活动人士称，多达100万人走上几内亚首都科纳克里街头，抗议总统阿尔法·孔戴(Alpha Conde)的统治。孔戴本打算在明年第二任期结束时下台，但他可能会试图修改宪法，以便能够竞选第三个任期。

1 impeachment   

n.弹劾；控告；怀疑

参考例句：

• Impeachment is considered a drastic measure in the United States.在美国，弹劾被视为一种非常激烈的措施。
• The verdict resulting from his impeachment destroyed his political career.他遭弹劾后得到的判决毁了他的政治生涯。

2 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

3 obstructed   

阻塞( obstruct的过去式和过去分词 )； 堵塞； 阻碍； 阻止

参考例句：

• Tall trees obstructed his view of the road. 有大树挡着，他看不到道路。
• The Irish and Bristol Channels were closed or grievously obstructed. 爱尔兰海峡和布里斯托尔海峡或遭受封锁，或受到了严重阻碍。

4 impeached   

v.控告（某人）犯罪( impeach的过去式和过去分词 )；弹劾；对（某事物）怀疑；提出异议

参考例句：

• Elected officials can be impeached. 经过选举产生的官员可以被弹劾。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The judge was impeached for taking a bribe. 这个法官被检举接受贿赂。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

5 acquit   

vt.宣判无罪；(oneself)使(自己)表现出

参考例句：

• That fact decided the judge to acquit him.那个事实使法官判他无罪。
• They always acquit themselves of their duty very well.他们总是很好地履行自己的职责。

6 jersey   

n.运动衫

参考例句：

• He wears a cotton jersey when he plays football.他穿运动衫踢足球。
• They were dressed alike in blue jersey and knickers.他们穿着一致，都是蓝色的运动衫和灯笼短裤。

7 trainee   

n.受训练者

参考例句：

• The trainee checked out all right on his first flight.受训者第一次飞行完全合格。
• Few of the trainee footballers make it to the top.足球受训人员中没有几个能达到顶级水平。

8 motive   

n.动机，目的；adv.发动的，运动的

参考例句：

• The police could not find a motive for the murder.警察不能找到谋杀的动机。
• He had some motive in telling this fable.他讲这寓言故事是有用意的。

9 inquiry   

n.打听，询问，调查，查问

参考例句：

• Many parents have been pressing for an inquiry into the problem.许多家长迫切要求调查这个问题。
• The field of inquiry has narrowed down to five persons.调查的范围已经缩小到只剩5个人了。

10 predecessor   

n.前辈，前任

参考例句：

• It will share the fate of its predecessor.它将遭受与前者同样的命运。
• The new ambassador is more mature than his predecessor.新大使比他的前任更成熟一些。

11 inauguration   

n.开幕、就职典礼

参考例句：

• The inauguration of a President of the United States takes place on January 20.美国总统的就职典礼于一月二十日举行。
• Three celebrated tenors sang at the president's inauguration.3位著名的男高音歌手在总统就职仪式上演唱。

12 creditors   

n.债权人，债主( creditor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• They agreed to repay their creditors over a period of three years. 他们同意3年内向债主还清欠款。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Creditors could obtain a writ for the arrest of their debtors. 债权人可以获得逮捕债务人的令状。 来自《简明英汉词典》

13 presidency   

n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期)

参考例句：

• Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。

14 prosecutors   

检举人( prosecutor的名词复数 )； 告发人； 起诉人； 公诉人

参考例句：

• In some places,public prosecutors are elected rather than appointed. 在有些地方，检察官是经选举而非任命产生的。 来自口语例句
• You've been summoned to the Prosecutors' Office, 2 days later. 你在两天以后被宣到了检察官的办公室。

15 bloody   

adj.非常的的；流血的；残忍的；adv.很；vt.血染

参考例句：

• He got a bloody nose in the fight.他在打斗中被打得鼻子流血。
• He is a bloody fool.他是一个十足的笨蛋。

16 mandate   

n.托管地；命令，指示

参考例句：

• The President had a clear mandate to end the war.总统得到明确的授权结束那场战争。
• The General Election gave him no such mandate.大选并未授予他这种权力。

17 organisation   

n.组织，安排，团体，有机休

参考例句：

• The method of his organisation work is worth commending.他的组织工作的方法值得称道。
• His application for membership of the organisation was rejected.他想要加入该组织的申请遭到了拒绝。

18 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

19 diplomacy   

n.外交；外交手腕，交际手腕

参考例句：

• The talks have now gone into a stage of quiet diplomacy.会谈现在已经进入了“温和外交”阶段。
• This was done through the skill in diplomacy. 这是通过外交手腕才做到的。

20 swap   

n.交换；vt.交换，用...作交易

参考例句：

• I will swap you my bicycle for your radio.我想拿我的自行车换你的收音机。
• This comic was a swap that I got from Nick.这本漫画书是我从尼克那里换来的。

21 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

22 activists   

n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
• Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》