2020年经济学人 一周要闻 韩国夜店现集体感染 上海迪士尼恢复营业 1.2亿印度人失业

India's government said it would spend $266bn (10% of GDP) on stimulus¹ measures to diminish the economic damage done by its COVID-19 lockdown. Around 120m Indians have lost their jobs over the past two months.

印度政府表示，将投入2660亿美元(相当于国内生产总值的10%)用于经济刺激措施，以减轻因新冠疫情封锁造成的经济损失。在过去的两个月里，大约有1.2亿印度人失业。

Terrorists attacked a maternity² ward³ in Afghanistan, killing⁴ 24 people including mothers, babies, medics and a policeman. A suicide-bomber killed 32 mourners at a funeral. The Taliban denied responsibility for both attacks, but the government ordered the army to go back on the offensive, after a period in which it had sought to reduce violence.

恐怖分子袭击了阿富汗的一个产科病房，造成24人死亡，其中包括母亲、婴儿、医护人员和一名警察。一名自杀式炸弹袭击者在一场葬礼上炸死32名哀悼者。塔利班否认对这两起袭击事件负责，但政府命令军队重新发起进攻，此前一段时间政府曾寻求减少暴力活动。

A missile fired by an Iranian naval⁵ vessel⁶ mistakenly struck an Iranian support ship, killing 19 sailors.

一艘伊朗海军舰艇发射的导弹误击了一艘伊朗支援舰，造成19名船员死亡。

The IMF agreed to lend Egypt $2.8bn to help it cope with the economic fallout from COVID-19. "The global shock has resulted in a tourism standstill, significant capital flight, and a slowdown in remittances," said the fund. Meanwhile, President AbdelFattah al-Sisi approved changes to Egypt's state of emergency that grant him and the security services more power. Human-rights groups say he has used the pandemic to tighten⁷ his grip.

国际货币基金组织同意向埃及提供28亿美元贷款，以帮助埃及应对新冠肺炎的经济影响。该组织表示:“全球冲击已导致旅游停滞、大量资本外逃和汇款放缓。”与此同时，总统阿卜杜勒法塔赫塞西(AbdelFattah al-Sisi)批准了埃及紧急状态的改变，赋予他和安全部门更多权力。人权组织表示，他利用这场疫情来加强控制。

Ethiopian troops accidentally shot down a Kenyan plane carrying humanitarian⁸ supplies to Somalia, according to a leaked report of the incident.

根据一份泄露的事故报告，埃塞俄比亚军队意外击落了一架向索马里运送人道主义物资的肯尼亚飞机。

Three UN peacekeepers were killed when a UN convoy⁹ in northern Mali hit a roadside bomb. The peacekeeping mission is the UN's most dangerous ongoing¹⁰ operation.

联合国车队在马里北部遭遇路边炸弹袭击，三名联合国维和人员遇难。维和任务是联合国目前最危险的行动。

Coronavirus briefs

疫情一览

The Chinese city of Wuhan, which recently ended a stringent¹¹ lockdown, recorded its first new infections since early April. South Korea, which had also largely brought the epidemic¹² under control, reported a cluster of new cases linked to nightclubs in Seoul.

最近结束了严格封锁的中国城市武汉记录了自4月初以来的首次新感染病例。韩国也在很大程度上控制了疫情，不过该国报告了一系列与首尔夜店有关的新增病例。

Lebanon reimposed its lockdown after a spike¹³ in COVID-19. The government has faced widespread protests recently. It blamed people who ignore social-distancing rules.

在新冠肺炎感染数量激增后，黎巴嫩重新实施封锁。政府最近遭到了大规模的抗议。不过政府将其归咎于那些忽视社交距离规则的民众。

Brazil recorded its highest daily death toll¹⁴. It is the sixthworst affected¹⁵ country by cases and fatalities¹⁶.

巴西创下了最高的每日死亡人数记录。该国是感染病例和死亡人数严重程度排名第六的国家。

Disneyland Shanghai reopened for business after shutting for three months. The limited number of visitors must have a digital health code.

上海迪士尼乐园在关闭三个月后重新开业。游客的数量受到限制且需要出示健康码。

The White House ordered everyone in the building to wear a face mask, except Donald Trump¹⁷ and Mike Pence.

白宫要求所有人都戴上口罩，不过总统特朗普和副总统迈克·彭斯例外。

1 stimulus   

n.刺激，刺激物，促进因素，引起兴奋的事物

参考例句：

• Regard each failure as a stimulus to further efforts.把每次失利看成对进一步努力的激励。
• Light is a stimulus to growth in plants.光是促进植物生长的一个因素。

2 maternity   

n.母性，母道，妇产科病房；adj.孕妇的，母性的

参考例句：

• Women workers are entitled to maternity leave with full pay.女工产假期间工资照发。
• Trainee nurses have to work for some weeks in maternity.受训的护士必须在产科病房工作数周。

3 ward   

n.守卫，监护，病房，行政区，由监护人或法院保护的人（尤指儿童）；vt.守护，躲开

参考例句：

• The hospital has a medical ward and a surgical ward.这家医院有内科病房和外科病房。
• During the evening picnic,I'll carry a torch to ward off the bugs.傍晚野餐时，我要点根火把，抵挡蚊虫。

4 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

5 naval   

adj.海军的，军舰的，船的

参考例句：

• He took part in a great naval battle.他参加了一次大海战。
• The harbour is an important naval base.该港是一个重要的海军基地。

6 vessel   

n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管

参考例句：

• The vessel is fully loaded with cargo for Shanghai.这艘船满载货物驶往上海。
• You should put the water into a vessel.你应该把水装入容器中。

7 tighten   

v.(使)变紧；(使)绷紧

参考例句：

• Turn the screw to the right to tighten it.向右转动螺钉把它拧紧。
• Some countries tighten monetary policy to avoid inflation.一些国家实行紧缩银根的货币政策，以避免通货膨胀。

8 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

9 convoy   

vt.护送，护卫，护航；n.护送；护送队

参考例句：

• The convoy was snowed up on the main road.护送队被大雪困在干路上了。
• Warships will accompany the convoy across the Atlantic.战舰将护送该船队过大西洋。

10 ongoing   

adj.进行中的，前进的

参考例句：

• The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
• The issues raised in the report relate directly to Age Concern's ongoing work in this area.报告中提出的问题与“关心老人”组织在这方面正在做的工作有直接的关系。

11 stringent   

adj.严厉的；令人信服的；银根紧的

参考例句：

• Financiers are calling for a relaxation of these stringent measures.金融家呼吁对这些严厉的措施予以放宽。
• Some of the conditions in the contract are too stringent.合同中有几项条件太苛刻。

12 epidemic   

n.流行病；盛行；adj.流行性的，流传极广的

参考例句：

• That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out.那种传染病早已绝迹。
• The authorities tried to localise the epidemic.当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。

13 spike   

n.长钉，钉鞋；v.以大钉钉牢，使...失效

参考例句：

• The spike pierced the receipts and held them in order.那个钉子穿过那些收据并使之按顺序排列。
• They'll do anything to spike the guns of the opposition.他们会使出各种手段来挫败对手。

14 toll   

n.过路(桥)费；损失，伤亡人数；v.敲(钟)

参考例句：

• The hailstone took a heavy toll of the crops in our village last night.昨晚那场冰雹损坏了我们村的庄稼。
• The war took a heavy toll of human life.这次战争夺去了许多人的生命。

15 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

16 fatalities   

n.恶性事故( fatality的名词复数 )；死亡；致命性；命运

参考例句：

• Several people were injured, but there were no fatalities. 有几个人受伤，但没有人死亡。
• The accident resulted in fatalities. 那宗意外道致多人死亡。 来自《简明英汉词典》

17 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。