2020年经济学人 一周要闻 中国放宽36国入境限制 美卫生部长访台 俄罗斯注册新冠疫苗

Rebels in northern Mozambique captured the port city of Mocímboa da Praia, killing¹ dozens of soldiers and sinking a navy patrol boat. The jihadist insurgency² threatens the development of offshore³ gasfields, Africa’s biggest energy project.

莫桑比克北部的反政府武装占领了港口城市莫辛波亚达普拉亚，造成数十名士兵死亡，一艘海军巡逻艇沉没。圣战分子的叛乱威胁到了非洲最大的能源项目——海上天然气田的开发。

The government of Lebanon resigned in the wake of a devastating⁴ explosion in Beirut. The outgoing prime minister, Hassan Diab, blamed a “system of corruption⁵” for bankrupting the country and crippling basic services. Tens of thousands of people protested. World leaders and international organisations pledged nearly $300m to help those affected⁶ by the blast.

黎巴嫩政府在贝鲁特发生毁灭性爆炸后辞职。即将离任的总理哈桑·迪亚布(Hassan Diab)指责“腐败体系”导致国家破产、基本服务瘫痪。成千上万的人抗议。世界各国领导人和国际组织承诺提供近3亿美元，帮助受爆炸影响的民众。

China eased sweeping⁷ restrictions⁸ on entry to the country by foreigners, which it imposed in March in response to COVID-19. Citizens of 36 countries, including Britain, France and Germany, who already hold a Chinese residence permit will be allowed to apply for visas. They will still have to be tested and endure 14 days of quarantine.

中国全面放宽了对外国人入境的限制，今年3月，为应对新冠肺炎疫情国家采取了入境限制措施。已经持有中国居留许可证的36个国家的公民，包括英国、法国和德国，将获准申请签证。入境者仍需接受检测并接受14天的隔离。

Alex Azar, America’s secretary of health, became the highest-ranking American official to visit Taiwan since America established formal diplomatic relations with China in 1979, and ended them with Taiwan.

美国卫生部长亚历克斯·阿扎(Alex Azar)成为自1979年中美建立正式外交关系并结束与台湾的外交关系以来，访问台湾的级别最高的美国官员。

Mahathir Mohamad, a two-time prime minister of Malaysia who was ousted⁹ from power earlier this year after a rift¹⁰ within his coalition¹¹, founded a new political party that says it will champion ethnic¹² Malays and fight corruption. Dr Mahathir, who is 95, says his previous party, Bersatu, which is now led by the incumbent¹³ prime minister, Muhyiddin Yassin, has been hijacked¹⁴ by defenders¹⁵ of kleptocracy.

曾两次担任马来西亚总理的马哈蒂尔·穆罕默德(Mahathir Mohamad)成立了一个新政党，声称将拥护马来人，打击腐败。今年早些时候，他因执政联盟内部不和而被赶下台。95岁的马哈蒂尔博士表示，他的前政党Bersatu，现在由现任总理Muhyiddin Yassin领导，已经被盗贼统治的捍卫者劫持了。

After a special consultative congress gave the go-ahead, the Afghan government said it would release a further 400 Taliban prisoners, in addition to the 4,600 it has recently freed. The decision paves the way for a peace conference.

经过特别协商会议的批准，阿富汗政府表示，除了最近释放的4600名塔利班囚犯外，还将释放400名塔利班囚犯。这一决定为和平会议铺平了道路。

Coronavirus briefs

疫情一览

The number of cases in the United States passed 5m. Brazil reached over 100,000 deaths in total.

美国的新冠病例数量突破500万。而巴西新冠肺炎死亡总数达到10万多人。

New Zealand investigated the possibility that its first infections for 102 days had come from freight. The people involved had not travelled. Auckland was locked down.

新西兰调查了102天来的首例感染源于货运输入的可能性。感染者没有过旅行史。目前的奥克兰实施了封锁。

Masks became compulsory¹⁶ outdoors in Paris and Brussels.

巴黎和布鲁塞尔规定，人们外出必须戴口罩。

Russia said that it had approved a vaccine¹⁷ against the coronavirus. Scientists elsewhere had doubts. The drug, named Sputnik V, appears simply to have skipped all but the first stages of testing for safety and efficacy.

俄罗斯表示已经批准了一种对抗冠状病毒的疫苗。其他国家的科学家对此表示怀疑。这种名为Sputnik V的药物，除了第一阶段的安全性和有效性测试外，似乎跳过了所有的测试过程。

1 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

2 insurgency   

n.起义；暴动；叛变

参考例句：

• And as in China, unrest and even insurgency are widespread. 而在中国，动乱甚至暴乱都普遍存在。 来自互联网
• Dr Zyphur is part an insurgency against this idea. 塞弗博士是这一观点逆流的一部分。 来自互联网

3 offshore   

adj.海面的，吹向海面的；adv.向海面

参考例句：

• A big program of oil exploration has begun offshore.一个大规模的石油勘探计划正在近海展开。
• A gentle current carried them slowly offshore.和缓的潮流慢慢地把他们带离了海岸。

4 devastating   

adj.毁灭性的，令人震惊的，强有力的

参考例句：

• It is the most devastating storm in 20 years.这是20年来破坏性最大的风暴。
• Affairs do have a devastating effect on marriages.婚外情确实会对婚姻造成毁灭性的影响。

5 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

6 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

7 sweeping   

adj.范围广大的，一扫无遗的

参考例句：

• The citizens voted for sweeping reforms.公民投票支持全面的改革。
• Can you hear the wind sweeping through the branches?你能听到风掠过树枝的声音吗？

8 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

9 ousted   

驱逐( oust的过去式和过去分词 )； 革职； 罢黜； 剥夺

参考例句：

• He was ousted as chairman. 他的主席职务被革除了。
• He may be ousted by a military takeover. 他可能在一场军事接管中被赶下台。

10 rift   

n.裂口，隙缝，切口；v.裂开，割开，渗入

参考例句：

• He was anxious to mend the rift between the two men.他急于弥合这两个人之间的裂痕。
• The sun appeared through a rift in the clouds.太阳从云层间隙中冒出来。

11 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

12 ethnic   

adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的

参考例句：

• This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
• The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。

13 incumbent   

adj.成为责任的，有义务的；现任的，在职的

参考例句：

• He defeated the incumbent governor by a large plurality.他以压倒多数票击败了现任州长。
• It is incumbent upon you to warn them.你有责任警告他们。

14 hijacked   

劫持( hijack的过去式和过去分词 )； 绑架； 拦路抢劫； 操纵（会议等，以推销自己的意图）

参考例句：

• The plane was hijacked by two armed men on a flight from London to Rome. 飞机在从伦敦飞往罗马途中遭到两名持械男子劫持。
• The plane was hijacked soon after it took off. 那架飞机起飞后不久被劫持了。

15 defenders   

n.防御者( defender的名词复数 )；守卫者；保护者；辩护者

参考例句：

• The defenders were outnumbered and had to give in. 抵抗者寡不敌众，只能投降。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• After hard fighting,the defenders were still masters of the city. 守军经过奋战仍然控制着城市。 来自《简明英汉词典》

16 compulsory   

n.强制的，必修的；规定的，义务的

参考例句：

• Is English a compulsory subject?英语是必修课吗？
• Compulsory schooling ends at sixteen.义务教育至16岁为止。

17 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。