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TED演讲:我们能够避免老化(1)

时间:2018-10-27 05:10来源:互联网 提供网友:mapleleaf   字体: [ ]
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    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

   18 minutes is an absolutely brutal1 time limit,  十八分钟是一个非常紧的时间限制,

  so I'm going to dive straight in, right at the point  因此我直入主题,讲重点的,
  where I get this thing to work.  我将马上开始。
  Here we go. I'm going to talk about five different things.  好,我要谈五个不同的事情。
  I'm going to talk about why defeating aging is desirable.  一,我要谈谈为什么抗老化是可行的。
  I'm going to talk about why we have to get our shit together,  二,我要谈谈为什么我们必须打起精神,
  and actually talk about this a bit more than we do.  多讨论这个课题,并且发觉我们应该指望战胜老化。
  I'm going to talk about feasibility as well, of course.  当然,三,我也会谈谈战胜老化的可行性。
  I'm going to talk about why we are so fatalistic  四,我要谈谈为什么我们在人类抗老化上采取的行动这么的认命,
  about doing anything about aging.  以为都是注定的。
  And then I'm going spend perhaps the second half of the talk  然后,第五,我也许在这个节目的下半段的时间谈谈
  talking about, you know, how we might actually be able to prove that fatalism is wrong,  我们如何证明这个对战胜老化漠不关心以及以为是注定的心态是错误的,
  namely, by actually doing something about it.  并且实际上做点什么事来纠正这个错误。
  I'm going to do that in two steps.  这第五点,我会用两个步骤来谈论。
  The first one I'm going to talk about is  第一个步骤是
  how to get from a relatively2 modest amount of life extension --  如何从一个相对适中的延长寿命治疗科技 -
  which I'm going to define as 30 years, applied3 to people  我这就把它定义为可延长三十年寿命,
  who are already in middle-age when you start --  并且在已经是中年年龄的人开始应用 –
  to a point which can genuinely be called defeating aging.  直到一个能真正被称为战胜老化问题的程度。
  Namely, essentially4 an elimination5 of the relationship between  也就是说,实质上消除了你多大年纪,
  how old you are and how likely you are to die in the next year --  以及你在下一年死去或
  or indeed, to get sick in the first place.  生病的可能性之间的关系。
  And of course, the last thing I'm going to talk about  最后一件事第五件事情,
  is how to reach that intermediate step,  第二个步骤我要谈的是如何实现过度步骤,
  that point of maybe 30 years life extension.  那个能给我们每一个人延长三十年寿命的治疗科技。
  So I'm going to start with why we should.  好,我就从为什么要延长人类的寿命开始。
  Now, I want to ask a question.  现在,我想问一个问题。
  Hands up: anyone in the audience who is in favor of malaria6?  观众席里有谁赞成疟疾是有利的?请举手。
  That was easy. OK.  好,这很简单。
  OK. Hands up: anyone in the audience  行。行。请不知道疟疾
  who's not sure whether malaria is a good thing or a bad thing?  是好事还是坏事的人举手?
  OK. So we all think malaria is a bad thing.  好。所以,我们都认为,疟疾是一件坏事。
  That's very good news, because I thought that was what the answer would be.  这是一个非常好的消息,因为我原以为这就是答案。
  Now the thing is, I would like to put it to you  现在我希望你们想一想
  that the main reason why we think that malaria is a bad thing  我们认为疟疾是一件坏事主要的原因,
  is because of a characteristic of malaria that it shares with aging.  是因为疟疾和老化有着共同的特征。
  And here is that characteristic.  那个特征就是两者都杀死人。
  The only real difference is that aging kills considerably7 more people than malaria does.  唯一真正的区别是,老龄化杀死的人数比疟疾杀死的多许多。
  Now, I like in an audience, in Britain especially,  现在,我喜欢观众,尤其是在英国的观众,
  to talk about the comparison with foxhunting,  比较一下老化和打猎狐狸。
  which is something that was banned after a long struggle,  打猎狐狸是是经过长期斗争
  by the government not very many months ago.  不久前被政府禁止的活动。
  I mean, I know I'm with a sympathetic audience here,  我的意思是,虽然我知道富有同情心的观众应该大多数都反对打猎狐狸,
  but, as we know, a lot of people are not entirely8 persuaded by this logic9.  但我们知道,很多人并不是完全被这个逻辑说服。
  And this is actually a rather good comparison, it seems to me.  在我看来,这其实和老化是一个不错的比较。
  You know, a lot of people said, "Well, you know,  你知道,很多郊外的人说:“你们这些
  city boys have no business telling us rural types what to do with our time.  住在城市的人没有权利告诉我们什么活动可以做什么东西不能做。
  It's a traditional part of the way of life,  这是我们住在郊外的人的传统生活方式的一部分,
  and we should be allowed to carry on doing it.  我们应该有权力继续做它。
  It's ecologically sound; it stops the population explosion of foxes."  这是促进生态健全的,它控制了狐狸数量爆涨。”
  But ultimately, the government prevailed in the end,  但是,政府最终占了上风,
  because the majority of the British public,  因为大多数的英国公众,
  and certainly the majority of members of Parliament,  还有国会多数成员,
  came to the conclusion that it was really something  得出的结论,就是这打猎狐狸
  that should not be tolerated in a civilized10 society.  是一个文明社会所不能容忍的活动。
  And I think that human aging shares  我认为,人类衰老也有这些特点,
  all of these characteristics in spades.  它是一个不能容忍的活动。
  What part of this do people not understand?  这有什么难明白的?
  It's not just about life, of course --  这当然不只是生命,
  it's about healthy life, you know --  这也是有关可以健康的生活下去。
  getting frail11 and miserable12 and dependent is no fun,  因为无论人们觉得死亡是否好玩是否应该容忍,
  whether or not dying may be fun.  身体越来越衰弱,悲惨地依赖别人一点都不好玩。
  So really, this is how I would like to describe it.  因此,其实这就是我想要对它的人类衰老描述。
  It's a global trance.  这是一个全球性恍惚。
  These are the sorts of unbelievable excuses  这是人们对老龄化作出了
  that people give for aging.  种种令人难以置信的借口。
  And, I mean, OK, I'm not actually saying  而且,我的意思是,好吧,我不是在说
  that these excuses are completely valueless.  这些借口是完全没有价值。
  There are some good points to be made here,  这些借口也有一些好的积极方面。
  things that we ought to be thinking about, forward planning  比如说我们应该思考的种种问题,有规划些,
  so that nothing goes too -- well, so that we minimize  来尽量减少我们在战胜老化路途上
  the turbulence13 when we actually figure out how to fix aging.  的不必要的动荡。
  But these are completely crazy, when you actually  但只要如果你真正衡量它们,
  remember your sense of proportion.  这些借口都是完全疯了!
  You know, these are arguments; these are things that  你知道,这些借口的论点
  would be legitimate14 to be concerned about.  是合理的,值得去关注。
  But the question is, are they so dangerous --  但问题是,这些论点有没有那么危险?
  these risks of doing something about aging --  战胜老化的风险
  that they outweigh15 the downside of doing the opposite,  有没有高过
  namely, leaving aging as it is?  不理会人类老化的代价?
  Are these so bad that they outweigh  难道这些修复老化的风险如此糟糕,
  condemning16 100,000 people a day to an unnecessarily early death?  比每天超过十万人面对早死的命运还糟糕?

点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 brutal bSFyb     
adj.残忍的,野蛮的,不讲理的
参考例句:
  • She has to face the brutal reality.她不得不去面对冷酷的现实。
  • They're brutal people behind their civilised veneer.他们表面上温文有礼,骨子里却是野蛮残忍。
2 relatively bkqzS3     
adv.比较...地,相对地
参考例句:
  • The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
  • The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。
3 applied Tz2zXA     
adj.应用的;v.应用,适用
参考例句:
  • She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
  • This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。
4 essentially nntxw     
adv.本质上,实质上,基本上
参考例句:
  • Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
  • She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。
5 elimination 3qexM     
n.排除,消除,消灭
参考例句:
  • Their elimination from the competition was a great surprise.他们在比赛中遭到淘汰是个很大的意外。
  • I was eliminated from the 400 metres in the semi-finals.我在400米半决赛中被淘汰。
6 malaria B2xyb     
n.疟疾
参考例句:
  • He had frequent attacks of malaria.他常患疟疾。
  • Malaria is a kind of serious malady.疟疾是一种严重的疾病。
7 considerably 0YWyQ     
adv.极大地;相当大地;在很大程度上
参考例句:
  • The economic situation has changed considerably.经济形势已发生了相当大的变化。
  • The gap has narrowed considerably.分歧大大缩小了。
8 entirely entirely     
ad.全部地,完整地;完全地,彻底地
参考例句:
  • The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
  • His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。
9 logic j0HxI     
n.逻辑(学);逻辑性
参考例句:
  • What sort of logic is that?这是什么逻辑?
  • I don't follow the logic of your argument.我不明白你的论点逻辑性何在。
10 civilized UwRzDg     
a.有教养的,文雅的
参考例句:
  • Racism is abhorrent to a civilized society. 文明社会憎恶种族主义。
  • rising crime in our so-called civilized societies 在我们所谓文明社会中日益增多的犯罪行为
11 frail yz3yD     
adj.身体虚弱的;易损坏的
参考例句:
  • Mrs. Warner is already 96 and too frail to live by herself.华纳太太已经九十六岁了,身体虚弱,不便独居。
  • She lay in bed looking particularly frail.她躺在床上,看上去特别虚弱。
12 miserable g18yk     
adj.悲惨的,痛苦的;可怜的,糟糕的
参考例句:
  • It was miserable of you to make fun of him.你取笑他,这是可耻的。
  • Her past life was miserable.她过去的生活很苦。
13 turbulence 8m9wZ     
n.喧嚣,狂暴,骚乱,湍流
参考例句:
  • The turbulence caused the plane to turn over.空气的激流导致飞机翻转。
  • The world advances amidst turbulence.世界在动荡中前进。
14 legitimate L9ZzJ     
adj.合法的,合理的,合乎逻辑的;v.使合法
参考例句:
  • Sickness is a legitimate reason for asking for leave.生病是请假的一个正当的理由。
  • That's a perfectly legitimate fear.怀有这种恐惧完全在情理之中。
15 outweigh gJlxO     
vt.比...更重,...更重要
参考例句:
  • The merits of your plan outweigh the defects.你制定的计划其优点胜过缺点。
  • One's merits outweigh one's short-comings.功大于过。
16 condemning 3c571b073a8d53beeff1e31a57d104c0     
v.(通常因道义上的原因而)谴责( condemn的现在分词 );宣判;宣布…不能使用;迫使…陷于不幸的境地
参考例句:
  • The government issued a statement condemning the killings. 政府发表声明谴责这些凶杀事件。
  • I concur with the speaker in condemning what has been done. 我同意发言者对所做的事加以谴责。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
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TAG标签:   TED演讲
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