全新版大学英语综合教程第一册 Unit1

Unit 1
Growing Up

Part I Pre-reading Task

Listen to the recording¹ two or three times and then think over the following questions:
1. Do you know who John Lennon was?
2. Have you ever heard the song before?
3. What does Lennon think of growing up? Is it easy or full of adventures?
4. Can you guess what the texts in this unit are going to be about?

The following words in the recording may be new to you:

monster
n. 怪物

prayer
n. 祈祷

Part II
Text A

When we are writing we are often told to keep our readers in mind, to shape what we say to fit their tastes and interests. But there is one reader in particular who should not be forgotten. Can you guess who? Russell Baker² surprised himself and everyone else when he discovered the answer.

WRITING FOR MYSELF

Russell Baker

The idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Belleville, but it wasn't until my third year in high school that the possibility took hold. Until then I'd been bored by everything associated with English courses. I found English grammar dull and difficult. I hated the assignments to turn out long, lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to read and for me to write.
When our class was assigned to Mr. Fleagle for third-year English I anticipated another cheerless year in that most tedious of subjects. Mr. Fleagle had a reputation among students for dullness and inability to inspire. He was said to be very formal, rigid³ and hopelessly out of date. To me he looked to be sixty or seventy and excessively prim⁴. He wore primly⁵ severe eyeglasses, his wavy⁶ hair was primly cut and primly combed. He wore prim suits with neckties set primly against the collar buttons of his white shirts. He had a primly pointed⁷ jaw⁸, a primly straight nose, and a prim manner of speaking that was so correct, so gentlemanly, that he seemed a comic antique.
I prepared for an unfruitful year with Mr. Fleagle and for a long time was not disappointed. Late in the year we tackled the informal essay. Mr. Fleagle distributed a homework sheet offering us a choice of topics. None was quite so simple-minded as "What I Did on My Summer Vacation," but most seemed to be almost as dull. I took the list home and did nothing until the night before the essay was due. Lying on the sofa, I finally faced up to the unwelcome task, took the list out of my notebook, and scanned it. The topic on which my eye stopped was "The Art of Eating Spaghetti."
This title produced an extraordinary sequence of mental images. Vivid memories came flooding back of a night in Belleville when all of us were seated around the supper table — Uncle Allen, my mother, Uncle Charlie, Doris, Uncle Hal — and Aunt Pat served spaghetti for supper. Spaghetti was still a little known foreign dish in those days. Neither Doris nor I had ever eaten spaghetti, and none of the adults had enough experience to be good at it. All the good humor of Uncle Allen's house reawoke in my mind as I recalled the laughing arguments we had that night about the socially respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth.
Suddenly I wanted to write about that, about the warmth and good feeling of it, but I wanted to put it down simply for my own joy, not for Mr. Fleagle. It was a moment I wanted to recapture and hold for myself. I wanted to relive the pleasure of that evening. To write it as I wanted, however, would violate all the rules of formal composition I'd learned in school, and Mr. Fleagle would surely give it a failing grade. Never mind. I would write something else for Mr. Fleagle after I had written this thing for myself.
When I finished it the night was half gone and there was no time left to compose a proper, respectable essay for Mr. Fleagle. There was no choice next morning but to turn in my tale of the Belleville supper. Two days passed before Mr. Fleagle returned the graded papers, and he returned everyone's but mine. I was preparing myself for a command to report to Mr. Fleagle immediately after school for discipline when I saw him lift my paper from his desk and knock for the class's attention.
"Now, boys," he said. "I want to read you an essay. This is titled, 'The Art of Eating Spaghetti.'"
And he started to read. My words! He was reading my words out loud to the entire class. What's more, the entire class was listening. Listening attentively⁹. Then somebody laughed, then the entire class was laughing, and not in contempt and ridicule¹⁰, but with open-hearted enjoyment¹¹. Even Mr. Fleagle stopped two or three times to hold back a small prim smile.
I did my best to avoid showing pleasure, but what I was feeling was pure delight at this demonstration¹² that my words had the power to make people laugh. In the eleventh grade, at the eleventh hour as it were, I had discovered a calling. It was the happiest moment of my entire school career. When Mr. Fleagle finished he put the final seal on my happiness by saying, "Now that, boys, is an essay, don't you see. It's — don't you see — it's of the very essence of the essay, don't you see. Congratulations, Mr. Baker."
(797 words)

New Words and Expressions

off and on
from time to time; sometimes 断断续续地；有时

possibility
n. 可能（性）

take hold
become established 生根，确立

bore
vt. make (sb.) become tired and lose interest 使（人）厌烦

associate
vt. join or connect together; bring in the mind 使联系起来；使联想

assignment
n. a piece of work that is given to a particular person（分配的）工作，任务，作业

turn out
produce 编写；生产，制造

agony▲
n. very great pain or suffering of mind or body （身心的）极度痛苦

assign
vt. give as a share or duty 分配，分派

anticipate
vt. expect 预期，期望

tedious
a. boring and lasting¹³ for a long time 乏味的；冗长的

reputation
n. 名声；名誉

inability
n. lack of power, skill or ability 无能，无力

inspire
vt. fill (sb.) with confidence, eagerness, etc. 激励，鼓舞

formal
a. (too) serious and careful in manner and behavior; based on correct or accepted rules 刻板的，拘谨的；正式的，正规的

rigid
a. (often disapproving) fixed¹⁴ in behavior, views or methods; strict 一成不变的；严格的

hopelessly
ad. very much; without hope 十分，极度；绝望地

excessively
ad. 过分地

out of date
old-fashioned 过时的

prim
a. (usu. disapproving) (of a person) too formal or correct in behavior and showing a dislike of anything rude; neat 古板的，拘谨的；循规蹈矩的；整洁的

primly ad.

severe
a. completely plain; causing very great pain, difficulty, worry, etc. 朴素的；严重的，剧烈的

necktie
n. tie 领带

jaw
n. 颌，颚

comic▲
a. 滑稽的；喜剧的
n. 连环漫画（册）

antique
n. 古物，古玩

tackle
vt. try to deal with 处理，应付

essay
n. 散文，小品文；论说文

distribute
vt. divide and give out among people, places, etc. 分发，分配，分送

finally
ad. at last 最终，终于

face up to
be brave enough to accept or deal with 勇敢地接受或对付

scan
v. look through quickly 浏览，粗略地看

spaghetti
n. 意大利式细面条

title
n. a name given to a book, film, etc. 标题，题目
vt. give a name to 给…加标题，加题目于

extraordinary
a. very unusual or strange 不同寻常的；奇特的

sequence
n. 一连串相关的事物；次序，顺序

image
n. a picture formed in the mind 形象；印象；（图）像

adult
n. a fully¹⁵ grown person or animal 成年人；成年动物

humor
n. 心情；幽默，诙谐

recall
vt. bring back to the mind; remember 回想起，回忆起

argument
n. 论据，论点；争论

respectable
a. (of behavior, appearance, etc.) socially acceptable 可敬的；体面的；文雅的

put down
write down 写下

recapture
vt. (lit) bring back into the mind; experience again 再现；再次经历

relive
vt. experience again, esp. in one's imagination 再体验，重温

violate
vt. act against 违背，违反

compose
vt. write or create (music, poetry, etc.) 创作

turn in
hand in (work that one has done) 交（作业）

command
n.,v.命令，指令

discipline
n. punishment; order kept (among school-children, soldiers, etc.) 惩罚，处分；纪律

what's more
in addition, more importantly 而且，此外；更有甚者

contempt▲
n. 轻视，轻蔑

ridicule
n. making or being made fun of 嘲笑，嘲弄；被戏弄

open-hearted
a. sincere, frank 诚挚的

hold back
prevent the expression of (feelings, tears, etc.) 控制（感情、眼泪等）

avoid
vt. keep or get away from 避免

demonstration
n. act of showing or proving sth. 表明；证明

career
n. 生涯，事业；职业

seal
n. 印，图章

essence▲
n. the most important quality of a thing 本质；精髓

congratulation
n. (usu. pl) expression of joy for sb.'s success, luck, etc. 祝贺，恭喜

Proper Names

Russell Baker
拉赛尔·贝克

Belleville
贝尔维尔（美国地名）

Fleagle
弗利格尔（姓氏）

Allen
艾伦（男子名）

Charlie
查理（男子名）

Doris
多丽丝（女子名）

Hal
哈尔（男子名，Henry, Harold的昵称）

Pat
帕特（女子名，Patricia的昵称）

1 recording   

n.录音，记录

参考例句：

• How long will the recording of the song take?录下这首歌得花多少时间？
• I want to play you a recording of the rehearsal.我想给你放一下彩排的录像。

2 baker   

n.面包师

参考例句：

• The baker bakes his bread in the bakery.面包师在面包房内烤面包。
• The baker frosted the cake with a mixture of sugar and whites of eggs.面包师在蛋糕上撒了一层白糖和蛋清的混合料。

3 rigid   

adj.严格的，死板的；刚硬的，僵硬的

参考例句：

• She became as rigid as adamant.她变得如顽石般的固执。
• The examination was so rigid that nearly all aspirants were ruled out.考试很严，几乎所有的考生都被淘汰了。

4 prim   

adj.拘泥形式的，一本正经的；n.循规蹈矩，整洁；adv.循规蹈矩地，整洁地

参考例句：

• She's too prim to enjoy rude jokes!她太古板，不喜欢听粗野的笑话！
• He is prim and precise in manner.他的态度一本正经而严谨

5 primly   

adv.循规蹈矩地，整洁地

参考例句：

• He didn't reply, but just smiled primly. 他没回答，只是拘谨地笑了笑。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He wore prim suits with neckties set primly against the collar buttons of his white shirts. 他穿着整洁的外套，领结紧贴着白色衬衫领口的钮扣。 来自互联网

6 wavy   

adj.有波浪的，多浪的，波浪状的，波动的，不稳定的

参考例句：

• She drew a wavy line under the word.她在这个词的下面画了一条波纹线。
• His wavy hair was too long and flopped just beneath his brow.他的波浪式头发太长了，正好垂在他的眉毛下。

7 pointed   

adj.尖的，直截了当的

参考例句：

• He gave me a very sharp pointed pencil.他给我一支削得非常尖的铅笔。
• She wished to show Mrs.John Dashwood by this pointed invitation to her brother.她想通过对达茨伍德夫人提出直截了当的邀请向她的哥哥表示出来。

8 jaw   

n.颚，颌，说教，流言蜚语；v.喋喋不休，教训

参考例句：

• He delivered a right hook to his opponent's jaw.他给了对方下巴一记右钩拳。
• A strong square jaw is a sign of firm character.强健的方下巴是刚毅性格的标志。

9 attentively   

adv.聚精会神地；周到地；谛；凝神

参考例句：

• She listened attentively while I poured out my problems. 我倾吐心中的烦恼时，她一直在注意听。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• She listened attentively and set down every word he said. 她专心听着，把他说的话一字不漏地记下来。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 ridicule   

v.讥讽，挖苦；n.嘲弄

参考例句：

• You mustn't ridicule unfortunate people.你不该嘲笑不幸的人。
• Silly mistakes and queer clothes often arouse ridicule.荒谬的错误和古怪的服装常会引起人们的讪笑。

11 enjoyment   

n.乐趣；享有；享用

参考例句：

• Your company adds to the enjoyment of our visit. 有您的陪同，我们这次访问更加愉快了。
• After each joke the old man cackled his enjoyment.每逢讲完一个笑话，这老人就呵呵笑着表示他的高兴。

12 demonstration   

n.表明，示范，论证，示威

参考例句：

• His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。
• He gave a demonstration of the new technique then and there.他当场表演了这种新的操作方法。

13 lasting   

adj.永久的，永恒的；vbl.持续，维持

参考例句：

• The lasting war debased the value of the dollar.持久的战争使美元贬值。
• We hope for a lasting settlement of all these troubles.我们希望这些纠纷能获得永久的解决。

14 fixed   

adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的

参考例句：

• Have you two fixed on a date for the wedding yet?你们俩选定婚期了吗？
• Once the aim is fixed,we should not change it arbitrarily.目标一旦确定，我们就不应该随意改变。

15 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。