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2023年经济学人 日本央行令投资者震惊(2)

时间:2024-01-30 03:16来源:互联网 提供网友:nan   字体: [ ]
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    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

 

 

    For most of the policy’s history that more or less worked.

    在以往执行该政策的大部分时间里,这种做法或多或少地发挥了作用。

    In 2022, however, the peg1 has come under considerable pressure as traders have speculated that monetary2 policy would need to be tightened3.

    然而,在2022年,由于交易员猜测货币政策将需要收紧,价格固定面临着相当大的压力。

    The chasm4 between the policies of Japan and those in the rest of the rich world caused the yen5 to plunge6 by 23% against the dollar from the start of 2022 to mid-October.

    从2022年初到10月中旬,日本和其他发达国家政策之间的鸿沟导致日元兑美元汇率暴跌了23%。

    In October, annual inflation was 3.6%, a 40-year high and well above the BOJ’s 2% target.

    10月份的年通胀率为3.6%,为40年来的最高水平,远高于日本央行2%的目标。

    Though most of the inflation was imported, many central banks have been caught out since the covid-19 pandemic by assuming price growth will cool without tighter monetary policy.

    尽管大部分通胀是输入性的,但自从新冠肺炎疫情至今,许多央行陷入了困境,因为它们认为,不收紧货币政策,物价上涨也会降温。

    Yet it was widely assumed that any pivot7 by the BOJ would come after its current governor, Kuroda Haruhiko, leaves in April.

    然而,人们普遍认为,日本央行的任何转向都将在现任行长黑田东彦4月份离职之后发生。

    That policymakers moved faster makes sense: it spares the BOJ months of bond-buying to enforce the old cap, and the greater losses it would endure on its bigger bond portfolio8.

    政策制定者采取更快的行动是有道理的:这使得日本央行不必花几个月的时间购买债券来执行旧的上限,也不必承受其更大债券投资组合上的更多损失。

    How far will Japan’s central bank now go?

    日本央行现在会走多远?

    After the announcement the dollar fell by 3.4% against the yen, but the Japanese currency remains9 at its weakest level in two decades.

    声明公布后,美元兑日元汇率下跌了3.4%,但日元汇率仍处于20年来的最低水平。

    Economists10 are watching the shunto, Japan’s springtime wage negotiations11 between large companies and trade unions, for more signs of inflation.

    经济学家正在关注大公司和工会之间的日本春季劳资谈判--春斗,以寻找更多通胀迹象。

    Japanese firms raised winter bonuses by 9.7%, according to Nikkei, a business newspaper, the largest such increase since 1975.

    据商业报纸《日本经济新闻》报道,日本企业将冬季奖金提高了9.7%,这是1975年以来的最大增幅。

    Mr Kuroda claims that he has not tightened monetary policy, only responded to volatile12 market conditions.

    黑田东彦声称,他没有收紧货币政策,只是对动荡的市场状况做出了反应。

    Yet the announcement was his “sayonara present”, according to Jesper Koll of Monex Group, a Japanese brokerage.

    然而,根据日本经纪公司莫尼克斯集团杰斯珀·科尔的说法,这一声明是他的“告别礼物”。

    “It opens the door for ‘Operation Freedom’ for whoever his successor will be.”

    “这为他的继任者开启了‘自由行动’的大门。”

    Japanese financial markets could be in for a turbulent 2023.

    日本金融市场可能会在2023年陷入动荡。


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 peg p3Fzi     
n.木栓,木钉;vt.用木钉钉,用短桩固定
参考例句:
  • Hang your overcoat on the peg in the hall.把你的大衣挂在门厅的挂衣钩上。
  • He hit the peg mightily on the top with a mallet.他用木槌猛敲木栓顶。
2 monetary pEkxb     
adj.货币的,钱的;通货的;金融的;财政的
参考例句:
  • The monetary system of some countries used to be based on gold.过去有些国家的货币制度是金本位制的。
  • Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。
3 tightened bd3d8363419d9ff838bae0ba51722ee9     
收紧( tighten的过去式和过去分词 ); (使)变紧; (使)绷紧; 加紧
参考例句:
  • The rope holding the boat suddenly tightened and broke. 系船的绳子突然绷断了。
  • His index finger tightened on the trigger but then relaxed again. 他的食指扣住扳机,然后又松开了。
4 chasm or2zL     
n.深坑,断层,裂口,大分岐,利害冲突
参考例句:
  • There's a chasm between rich and poor in that society.那社会中存在着贫富差距。
  • A huge chasm gaped before them.他们面前有个巨大的裂痕。
5 yen JfSwN     
n. 日元;热望
参考例句:
  • He wanted to convert his dollars into Japanese yen.他想将美元换成日币。
  • He has a yen to be alone in a boat.他渴望独自呆在一条船上。
6 plunge 228zO     
v.跳入,(使)投入,(使)陷入;猛冲
参考例句:
  • Test pool's water temperature before you plunge in.在你跳入之前你应该测试水温。
  • That would plunge them in the broil of the two countries.那将会使他们陷入这两国的争斗之中。
7 pivot E2rz6     
v.在枢轴上转动;装枢轴,枢轴;adj.枢轴的
参考例句:
  • She is the central pivot of creation and represents the feminine aspect in all things.她是创造的中心枢轴,表现出万物的女性面貌。
  • If a spring is present,the hand wheel will pivot on the spring.如果有弹簧,手轮的枢轴会装在弹簧上。
8 portfolio 9OzxZ     
n.公事包;文件夹;大臣及部长职位
参考例句:
  • He remembered her because she was carrying a large portfolio.他因为她带着一个大公文包而记住了她。
  • He resigned his portfolio.他辞去了大臣职务。
9 remains 1kMzTy     
n.剩余物,残留物;遗体,遗迹
参考例句:
  • He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
  • The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。
10 economists 2ba0a36f92d9c37ef31cc751bca1a748     
n.经济学家,经济专家( economist的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The sudden rise in share prices has confounded economists. 股价的突然上涨使经济学家大惑不解。
  • Foreign bankers and economists cautiously welcomed the minister's initiative. 外国银行家和经济学家对部长的倡议反应谨慎。 来自《简明英汉词典》
11 negotiations af4b5f3e98e178dd3c4bac64b625ecd0     
协商( negotiation的名词复数 ); 谈判; 完成(难事); 通过
参考例句:
  • negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
  • Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。
12 volatile tLQzQ     
adj.反复无常的,挥发性的,稍纵即逝的,脾气火爆的;n.挥发性物质
参考例句:
  • With the markets being so volatile,investments are at great risk.由于市场那么变化不定,投资冒着很大的风险。
  • His character was weak and volatile.他这个人意志薄弱,喜怒无常。
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TAG标签:   2023年听力  经济学人
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