2023年经济学人 宇宙神秘现象竟有联系？(2)

 

    Previous work has shown that, in general relativity, the compression of matter past a certain point以前的结果已经表明，在广义相对论中，物质压缩超过某一点can lead to the formation of a zone containing vacuum energy, the background energy of empty space.

    可以导致一个包含真空能量的区域形成，真空能量是真空空间的背景能量。

    Instead of an infinitely¹ dense² singularity, it is therefore possible that black holes contain a well of such energy,因此，黑洞可能包含一个能量阱，而不是一个密度无穷大的奇点，the presence of which would account for the observed mass discrepancy³.

    这种能量阱的存在可以解释观测到的质量差异。

    “This”, says Dr. Pearson,

    皮尔森博士说:

    “is the first time there’s been observational evidence that links these theories to the real world.”

    “这是第一次有观测证据将这些理论与现实世界联系起来。”

    More radical⁴ implications follow.

    更根本的含义随之而来。

    One of the universe’s most mysterious features is that the expansion which began with the Big Bang is accelerating.

    宇宙最神秘的特征之一是始于大爆炸的膨胀正在加速。

    The driving force is labeled “dark energy”, but no one knows what it actually is.

    这种驱动力被称为“暗能量”，但没有人知道它到底是什么。

    In a daring theoretical leap, Dr. Pearson and his colleagues suggest that皮尔森博士和他的同事们在理论上迈出了大胆的一步，the pockets of vacuum energy present in black holes could be responsible.

    他们认为黑洞中存在的真空能量可能是原因之一。

    What would make this possible is that the properties of vacuum energy are dependent on the size of the universe as a whole.

    支持这种假设的是，真空能量的性质取决于整个宇宙的大小。

    An expanding universe, say theorists, would contain vacuum energy at ever greater densities⁵.

    理论学家说，一个膨胀的宇宙会包含更大密度的真空能量。

    This not only means that black holes would gain mass in hitherto unexplained ways,这不仅意味着黑洞将以迄今无法解释的方式增加质量，but that their growth would fill the universe with vast reservoirs of energy.

    而且它们的增长将使宇宙充满巨大的能量储备。

    They could, in other words, be sources of dark energy.

    换句话说，它们可能是暗能量的来源。

    The team’s calculations show that the size and number of black holes in the universe该团队的计算表明，宇宙中黑洞的大小和数量

    would be enough to account for all the measured influence of dark energy.

    足以解释所有测量到的暗能量的影响。

    The neatness of this explanation is remarkable⁶, but elegance⁷ is no proof of truth.

    这种简洁的解释令人瞩目，但优雅并不能证明真理。

    Much more work is needed to discount other, albeit⁸ less spectacular, possibilities.

    需要更多的成果来排除其他可能性，尽管这些可能性不那么引人注目。

1 infinitely   

adv.无限地，无穷地

参考例句：

• There is an infinitely bright future ahead of us.我们有无限光明的前途。
• The universe is infinitely large.宇宙是无限大的。

2 dense   

a.密集的，稠密的，浓密的；密度大的

参考例句：

• The general ambushed his troops in the dense woods. 将军把部队埋伏在浓密的树林里。
• The path was completely covered by the dense foliage. 小路被树叶厚厚地盖了一层。

3 discrepancy   

n.不同；不符；差异；矛盾

参考例句：

• The discrepancy in their ages seemed not to matter.他们之间年龄的差异似乎没有多大关系。
• There was a discrepancy in the two reports of the accident.关于那次事故的两则报道有不一致之处。

4 radical   

n.激进份子，原子团，根号；adj.根本的，激进的，彻底的

参考例句：

• The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.病人在医院得到了根治。
• She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激。

5 densities   

密集( density的名词复数 )； 稠密； 密度（固体、液体或气体单位体积的质量）； 密度（磁盘存贮数据的可用空间）

参考例句：

• The range of densities of interest is about 3.5. 有用的密度范围为3．5左右。
• Densities presumably can be probed by radar. 利用雷达也许还能探测出气体的密度。

6 remarkable   

adj.显著的，异常的，非凡的，值得注意的

参考例句：

• She has made remarkable headway in her writing skills.她在写作技巧方面有了长足进步。
• These cars are remarkable for the quietness of their engines.这些汽车因发动机没有噪音而不同凡响。

7 elegance   

n.优雅；优美，雅致；精致，巧妙

参考例句：

• The furnishings in the room imparted an air of elegance.这个房间的家具带给这房间一种优雅的气氛。
• John has been known for his sartorial elegance.约翰因为衣着讲究而出名。

8 albeit   

conj.即使；纵使；虽然

参考例句：

• Albeit fictional,she seemed to have resolved the problem.虽然是虚构的，但是在她看来好象是解决了问题。
• Albeit he has failed twice,he is not discouraged.虽然失败了两次，但他并没有气馁。