纪录片《美丽中国》 第35期 神奇高原（7）

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Yartsa gunbu has been used as a traditional remedy for thousands of years,

冬虫夏草被用作传统药物已经上千年

though only by the very wealthy.

但仅限于非常富有的人群

It has been bartered¹ for tea and silk,

它被用来交换茶叶和丝绸

and is worth more than four times its weight in silver.

可以换回超过本身四倍重量的银子

So lucrative² is this trade,that sites and information are jealously guarded.

这项贸易是如此的暴利使得它的交易地点和信息都被谨慎地保护起来

At the nearby market,the yartsa gunbu are cleaned,

在附近的集市上冬虫夏草被清理干净

and their true nature becomes clear.

这使得它的本来面目显露了出来

The yartsa gunbu translates as "summer grass,winter worm".

冬虫夏草被翻译为“冬天的虫子夏天的草”

The winter worm is a caterpillar³.

冬虫是一种毛虫

It eats roots of grasses

它以草根为食

in preparation for its transformation⁴ into a moth⁵.

为自己变身成蛾做准备。

But some winter worms never make it as moths⁶.

但有些冬虫却从没有机会变成蛾

Instead,a strange growth erupts from their body,

而在夏季一个奇怪的植物

appearing above ground in summer.

在冬虫的体内生长发育直至破土而出

This is the "summer grass",

这就是“夏草”

a fungus⁷ called Cordyceps,whose spores⁸ have infected the caterpillar,

一种被称为虫草的真菌是它的孢子侵入了毛虫体内

using its body as their host.

并将毛虫的身体作为它们的宿主

Modern scientific tests have shown that substances contained

现代科学实验证明含有冬虫夏草的物质可以

in Cordyceps lower blood pressure and make it easier to breathe.

降低血压并能使呼吸更顺畅

So in recent years,harvesting this natural treasure

所以近些年来收获这种自然资源

has grown into a huge and profitable business.

已经成为有巨大利益的生意

1 bartered   

v.作物物交换，以货换货( barter的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The local people bartered wheat for tools. 当地人用小麦换取工具。
• They bartered farm products for machinery. 他们用农产品交换机器。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 lucrative   

adj.赚钱的，可获利的

参考例句：

• He decided to turn his hobby into a lucrative sideline.他决定把自己的爱好变成赚钱的副业。
• It was not a lucrative profession.那是一个没有多少油水的职业。

3 caterpillar   

n.毛虫，蝴蝶的幼虫

参考例句：

• A butterfly is produced by metamorphosis from a caterpillar.蝴蝶是由毛虫脱胎变成的。
• A caterpillar must pass through the cocoon stage to become a butterfly.毛毛虫必须经过茧的阶段才能变成蝴蝶。

4 transformation   

n.变化；改造；转变

参考例句：

• Going to college brought about a dramatic transformation in her outlook.上大学使她的观念发生了巨大的变化。
• He was struggling to make the transformation from single man to responsible husband.他正在努力使自己由单身汉变为可靠的丈夫。

5 moth   

n.蛾，蛀虫

参考例句：

• A moth was fluttering round the lamp.有一只蛾子扑打着翅膀绕着灯飞。
• The sweater is moth-eaten.毛衣让蛀虫咬坏了。

6 moths   

n.蛾( moth的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The moths have eaten holes in my wool coat. 蛀虫将我的羊毛衫蛀蚀了几个小洞。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The moths tapped and blurred at the window screen. 飞蛾在窗帘上跳来跳去，弄上了许多污点。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

7 fungus   

n.真菌，真菌类植物

参考例句：

• Mushrooms are a type of fungus.蘑菇是一种真菌。
• This fungus can just be detected by the unaided eye.这种真菌只用肉眼就能检查出。

8 spores   

n.（细菌、苔藓、蕨类植物）孢子( spore的名词复数 )v.（细菌、苔藓、蕨类植物）孢子( spore的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• Ferns, mosses and fungi spread by means of spores. 蕨类植物、苔藓和真菌通过孢子传播蔓生。
• Spores form a lipid membrane during the process of reproducing. 孢于在生殖过程中形成类脂膜。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 预防生物武器