美国学生人类历史第7期:我们最早的祖先(1)

 　　Chapter 2

　　第二章

　　Our earliest ancestors

　　我们最早的祖先

　　We know very little about the first "true" men. We have never seen their pictures. In the deepest layer of clay of an ancient soil we have sometimes found pieces of their bones. These lay buried amidst the broken skeletons¹ of other animals that have long since disappeared from the face of the earth. Anthropologists (learned scientists who devote their lives to the study of man as a member of the animal kingdom) have taken these bones and they have been able to reconstruct our earliest ancestors with a fair degree of accuracy.

　　我们关于原始的"真"人知道的很少。我们从不曾见过他们的图像。有时我们在最深的地层里，寻出几片他们的枯骨来。这些枯骨大概都混杂在早已绝种的动物的碎骨中。人类学者（那些有学问的科学家把人当作动物界中的分子，去作终身的研究）居然将它们极精细的构成我们最早的祖宗。

　　The growth of the human skull²

　　（人的头颅之生长）

　　The great-great-grandfather of the human race was a very ugly and unattractive mammal. He was quite small, much smaller than the people of today. The heat of the sun and the biting wind of the cold winter had coloured his skin a dark brown. His head and most of his body, his arms and legs too, were covered with long, coarse hair. He had very thin but strong fingers which made his hands look like those of a monkey. His forehead was low and his jaw³ was like the jaw of a wild animal which uses its teeth both as fork and knife. He wore no clothes. He had seen no fire except the flames of the rumbling⁴ volcanoes which filled the earth with their smoke and their lava⁵.

　　人类最早的祖宗是一种寒伧，不讨人喜欢的哺乳动物。他的体格很小，比较现在的人小得多。他的皮肤因为风吹日曝，染成棕褐色。他的头部，身体的大部分，以及两腿两臂都长满了粗长的毛发。他有细而有力的手指，使他的手颇像猴子的。他的前额是低的，他的颚像那些用牙齿代刀叉的野兽的颚。他不穿衣服。除去火山的火焰，他没有见过火。

　　He lived in the damp blackness of vast forests, as the pygmies of Africa do to this very day. When he felt the pangs⁶ of hunger he ate raw leaves and the roots of plants or he took the eggs away from an angry bird and fed them to his own young.

　　他同现在非洲的矮人一样，住在潮湿黑暗的森林里。他饿了，就以树叶和树根来充饥，或从一只发怒的鸟身旁抢蛋来喂他自己的小孩。

1 skeletons   

n.（建筑物等的）骨架( skeleton的名词复数 )；骨骼；梗概；骨瘦如柴的人（或动物）

参考例句：

• Only skeletons of buildings remained. 只剩下了建筑物的框架。 来自辞典例句
• It looks like six skeletons in front of that stone door! 在这石头门前看上去就象有六副骨骼！ 来自辞典例句

2 skull   

n.头骨；颅骨

参考例句：

• The skull bones fuse between the ages of fifteen and twenty-five.头骨在15至25岁之间长合。
• He fell out of the window and cracked his skull.他从窗子摔了出去，跌裂了颅骨。

3 jaw   

n.颚，颌，说教，流言蜚语；v.喋喋不休，教训

参考例句：

• He delivered a right hook to his opponent's jaw.他给了对方下巴一记右钩拳。
• A strong square jaw is a sign of firm character.强健的方下巴是刚毅性格的标志。

4 rumbling   

n. 隆隆声, 辘辘声 adj. 隆隆响的 动词rumble的现在分词

参考例句：

• The earthquake began with a deep [low] rumbling sound. 地震开始时发出低沉的隆隆声。
• The crane made rumbling sound. 吊车发出隆隆的响声。

5 lava   

n.熔岩，火山岩

参考例句：

• The lava flowed down the sides of the volcano.熔岩沿火山坡面涌流而下。
• His anger spilled out like lava.他的愤怒像火山爆发似的迸发出来。

6 pangs   

突然的剧痛( pang的名词复数 )； 悲痛

参考例句：

• She felt sudden pangs of regret. 她突然感到痛悔不已。
• With touching pathos he described the pangs of hunger. 他以极具感伤力的笔触描述了饥饿的痛苦。