《美国学生人类历史》叙述西方文明是如何从原始人类发源，并进一步讲述书写文字、艺术、建筑以及主要的信仰，直至近代民族国家的兴起等。本书能帮助英语学习爱好者在提高英语水平的同事，了解人类历史知识，增强英语文化素养。
The other Greek cities followed her example with the exception of tiny Plataea which sent a thousand men. On the twelfth of September of the year 490, Miltiades, the Athenian commander, threw this little army against the hordes of the Persians. The G...
Of course, the Greeks enjoyed a certain degree of safety because their country lay hidden beyond the deep waters of the Aegean. But here their old enemies, the Phoenicians, stepped forward with offers of help and advice to the Persians. If the Persia...
Chapter 18 第十八章 The Persian Wars 抗击波斯人侵的战争 How the Greeks defended Europe Against Asiatic invasion and drove the Persians back across the Aegean Sea 希腊人成功抵御了亚洲对欧洲的入侵，将波斯人赶回了爱琴...
This new form of dramatic entertainment demanded a proper setting, and soon every Greek city owned a theatre, cut out of the rock of a nearby hill. The spectators sat upon wooden benches and faced a wide circle (our present orchestra where you pay th...
This individual was allowed to step out of line. He waved his arms and gesticulated while he spoke (that is to say he acted while the others merely stood by and sang) and he asked a lot of questions, which the bandmaster answered according to the rol...
The singer who meh-mehed like a goat therefore was called a tragos-oidos or goat singer, and it is this strange name which developed into the modern word Tragedy, which means in the theatrical sense a piece with an unhappy ending, just as Comedy (whi...
Chapter 17 第十七章 The Greek Theater 古希腊的戏剧 The Origins of the theater, the first form of public amusement 人类第一种公共娱乐形式---戏剧的起源 At a very early stage of their history the Greeks had begun to collect the...
The same simplicity which prevailed in the dining room also dominated their choice of clothes. They liked to be clean and well groomed, to have their hair and beards neatly cut, to feel their bodies strong with the exercise and the swimming of the gy...
Within this courtyard the family lived when it did not rain or when it was not too cold. In one corner of the yard the cook (who was a slave) prepared the meal and in another corner, the teacher (who was also a slave) taught the children the alpha be...
For the Greeks, who loved moderation in all things, did not like to treat their slaves after the fashion which afterward was so common in Rome, where a slave had as few rights as an engine in a modern factory and could be thrown to the wild animals u...
The slaves did all the cooking and baking and candlestick making of the entire city. They were the tailors and the carpenters and the jewelers and the school-teachers and the bookkeepers and they tended the store and looked after the factory while th...
Chapter 16 第十六章 Greek life 古希腊人的生活 How the Greeks Lived 古希腊人是怎样生活的 But how, you will ask, did the ancient Greeks have time to look after their families and their business if they were forever running to the m...
To protect the poorer classes against abuse on the part of the judges (who were always elected from the class of the nobles because they received no salary) Solon made a provision whereby a citizen with a grievance had the right to state his case bef...
They asked a man by the name of Draco to provide them with a set of laws that would protect the poor against the aggressions of the rich. Draco set to work. Unfortunately he was a professional lawyer and very much out of touch with ordinary life. In...
His place had been taken by the nobles-a class of rich people who during the course of time had got hold of an undue share of the farms and estates. 他的位置被一群贵族占据。他们是在社会演进的过程中攫取了超额的土地与财产...
