美国国家公共电台 NPR Allergan Recalls Textured Breast Implants Linked To Rare Type Of Cancer

Allergan Recalls Textured² Breast Implants⁴ Linked To Rare Type Of Cancer

RACHEL MARTIN, HOST:

A type of textured breast implant³ linked to a rare type of cancer has been recalled around the world. And the FDA has asked the company to pull the implants from the American market.

NPR's Allison Aubrey reports.

ALLISON AUBREY, BYLINE⁵: The FDA first reported a possible link between textured breast implants and a rare type of lymphoma back in 2011. Now, the agency has new information. It has found that specific types of textured implants manufactured by the company Allergan appear to be directly linked to the harm and to some deaths.

Daniel Maman is a plastic surgeon in New York. He says given the risks linked to these textured implants...

DANIEL MAMAN: Taking them off the market was a prudent⁶ and the right approach.

AUBREY: Every year, about 300,000 people receive breast implants in the U.S. Many surgeons, like Maman, only use smooth, round implants. The textured ones are less commonly used here compared to Europe and Asia. Now, worldwide, the FDA has documented 573 cases where people who got the implants developed a rare type of lymphoma. And among those, 481 cases are attributed to Allergan's textured implants. In addition, a dozen women with the Allergan implants have died from the rare cancer.

MAMAN: I personally have not used a textured implant in at least five years because of this exact reason that they were taken off the market.

AUBREY: As scary as this may sound, the FDA says, overall, the incidence of implant-related lymphoma is relatively⁷ low, given the hundreds of thousands of implants performed each year. And in a statement, Allergan says it's taking this action to recall its products as a precaution.

Now, it has not been clear whether texturing⁸ is responsible for the cancer or just associated with a higher risk. But the latest thinking is that the texture¹ on the implant has a physiological⁹ response and interacts with surrounding scar tissue that forms after the implants are put in.

MAMAN: And it's that response that is believed to cause the formation of this lymphoma.

AUBREY: As for people who already have the textured implants, the FDA does not recommend removing them unless there are symptoms or problems. But surgeon Daniel Maman says it is possible to take them out.

MAMAN: Removing implants is really not a big deal at all. But surgery is surgery. Any surgery has its inherent risks, so it's heavily dependent on the patient and the circumstance.

AUBREY: The FDA is providing information to both patients and to providers who have questions about possible next steps. Allison Aubrey, NPR News, Washington.

(SOUNDBITE OF JIZUE'S "DIFFERENT CHRISTMAS")

1 texture   

n.(织物)质地；(材料)构造；结构；肌理

参考例句：

• We could feel the smooth texture of silk.我们能感觉出丝绸的光滑质地。
• Her skin has a fine texture.她的皮肤细腻。

2 textured   

adj.手摸时有感觉的, 有织纹的

参考例句：

• The shoe's sole had a slightly textured surface. 鞋底表面稍感粗糙。
• Shallow burial seems to preserve chalky textured porosity. 浅埋藏似能保留具白垩状结构的孔隙。

3 implant   

vt.注入，植入，灌输

参考例句：

• A good teacher should implant high ideals in children.好教师应该把高尚理想灌输给孩子们。
• The operation to implant the artificial heart took two hours.人工心脏植入手术花费了两小时。

4 implants   

n.（植入身体中的）移植物( implant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Hormone implants are used as growth boosters. 激素植入物被用作生长辅助剂。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Perhaps the most far-reaching project is an initiative called Living Implants From Engineering (LIFE). 也许最具深远意义的项目，是刚刚启动的建造活体移植工程 (LIFE)。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 医学的第四次革命

5 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

6 prudent   

adj.谨慎的，有远见的，精打细算的

参考例句：

• A prudent traveller never disparages his own country.聪明的旅行者从不贬低自己的国家。
• You must school yourself to be modest and prudent.你要学会谦虚谨慎。

7 relatively   

adv.比较...地，相对地

参考例句：

• The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
• The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

8 texturing   

织构化

参考例句：

• So how to do texturing with 10 layers in 1 pass? 如何才能在一个过程中绘制10层纹理呢？ 来自互联网
• With the development, of time, texturing method also embodies different appreciative features. 随着时代的发展，皴法也体现出各自不同的审美特征。 来自互联网

9 physiological   

adj.生理学的，生理学上的

参考例句：

• He bought a physiological book.他买了一本生理学方面的书。
• Every individual has a physiological requirement for each nutrient.每个人对每种营养成分都有一种生理上的需要。