美国国家公共电台 NPR 脸谱网遭遇广告金主的联合抵制

This is the day when an advertiser boycott¹ of Facebook takes effect. More than 300 companies are taking down ads, including Target, Starbucks and Volkswagen. Some are acting² just for this month of July, others for longer. And the boycott includes Facebook's property Instagram. The companies are pressing Facebook to do more about malicious³ content. Facebook, we should note, is among NPR's financial supporters, though we cover them just the same, including criticism of the company, which we are hearing this morning from NPR tech correspondent Shannon Bond. Good morning.

今天，广告商抵制脸谱网运动正式实施。300余家企业从其平台撤下广告，这些企业包括塔吉特公司、星巴克和大众汽车。部分企业在7月停止投放广告，其他企业停止投放的时间会更长。这项抵制运动也涉及脸谱网旗下的Instagram平台。这些公司敦促脸谱网对恶意内容采取更多措施。我们应该指出，脸谱网是NPR新闻的资助者，但我们在报道时会秉承公正，也会报道该公司面临的批评，今天早上NPR新闻的科技记者香农·邦德就带来了这方面的报道。早上好。

SHANNON BOND, BYLINE⁴: Good morning, Steve.

香农·邦德连线：早上好，史蒂夫。

INSKEEP: And we should note the advertisers are pressing Facebook because they're under pressure. Who's pushing them?

因斯基普：我们要指出的是，广告商向脸谱网施压是因为他们也面临压力。谁在逼迫他们？

BOND: A coalition⁵ of advocacy groups is urging these advertisers to pull their money from Facebook. One of those groups is Color of Change. They're a civil rights organization. And I spoke⁶ with their president, Rashad Robinson. He says Facebook has given its critics no other choice.

邦德：倡导团体联盟敦促这些广告商从脸谱网撤资。其中一个组织是Color of Change。这是一个民权组织。我采访了该组织的总裁拉沙德·罗宾逊。他说，脸谱网让其批评者别无选择。

RASHAD ROBINSON: This failure to address these problems have given those of us in the civil rights community, as well as corporations, only one path, and that is the path of having to pursue this boycott.

拉沙德·罗宾逊：未能解决这些问题使我们民权团体以及公司只有一条路可走，那就是不得不实施抵制。

BOND: So the coalition is making 10 demands of Facebook, ranging from giving advertisers their money back if their ads appear next to content that gets removed to cracking down on lies from politicians.

邦德：该联盟对脸谱网提出了10项要求，包括如果广告出现在被删除的内容旁边，就将钱还给广告商，以及打击政治家的谎言等。

INSKEEP: Do all 300 of the companies that are dropping Facebook for a while support all the demands?

因斯基普：暂时抛弃脸谱网的300家公司都支持所有这些要求吗？

BOND: Well, there's a real mix. Some do support the demands, but some others, like Coca-Cola and Target say, yes, we're going to pause and reconsider our Facebook advertising⁷, in some cases all of their social media advertising. But they say they're not officially joining this boycott. And I think what's going on there is these companies feel pressure. There are these huge protests, this reckoning over racism⁸ we're seeing in this country. Companies feel pressure to show they're doing something. But they also want to put some distance between themselves and this campaign, so they're more free to make their own decisions about whether and when to resume advertising on Facebook.

邦德：态度不一。一些公司支持这些要求，但可口可乐和塔吉特等公司表示，我们会暂停投放并重新考虑我们在脸谱网上的广告，在某些情况下，这是他们所有的社交媒体广告。但他们表示，他们不会正式加入抵制运动。我认为这些公司感受到了压力。美国爆发了大规模抗议，还有清算种族主义浪潮。各公司都感受到了压力，他们要证明他们在采取行动。但他们也希望与这场运动保持一定距离，以确保他们能更自由地决定是否以及何时恢复脸谱网上的广告投放。

INSKEEP: Well, how is Facebook responding?

因斯基普：脸谱网有何回应？

BOND: Well, Facebook says it invests billions of dollars in keeping its platform safe. And just yesterday, it said it banned hundreds of accounts and groups connected to the Boogaloo movement. That's a loose network of far-right extremists. And that's the kind of thing advertisers want to see the company doing. Here's what Facebook top spokesman, Nick Clegg, told CNN on Sunday.

邦德：脸谱网说，其在确保平台安全方面投资了数十亿美元。就在昨天，脸谱网称其封禁了数百个与波加洛运动有关的帐户和团体。波加洛运动是由极右翼极端分子组成的松散网络。这正是广告商想看到脸谱网采取的行动。以下是脸谱网首席发言人尼克·克莱格周日做客CNN节目时所说。

(SOUNDBITE OF TV SHOW, "RELIABLE SOURCES")

（电视节目《可靠消息来源》录音）

NICK CLEGG: Facebook — we have absolutely no incentive⁹ to tolerate hate speech. We don't like it. Our users don't like it. Advertisers understandably don't like it.

尼克·克莱格：脸谱网——我们绝对没有容忍仇恨言论的动机。我们不喜欢这种言论。我们的用户也不喜欢。广告商不喜欢这种言论是可以理解的。

BOND: Clegg pointed¹⁰ out that over a hundred billion messages are sent on Facebook's platforms every day. And so, you know, the company tries to crack down. It's not perfect. It can't remove everything.

邦德：克莱格指出，每天有数千亿条消息被发布在脸谱网平台上。脸谱网在努力打击。但做得并不完美。脸谱网不能删除所有消息。

Last week, CEO Mark Zuckerberg did announce some policy changes. Facebook is going to put warning labels on posts from politicians like President Trump¹¹ that break its rules, and that's a huge reversal. But when Zuckerberg made that announcement, he did not mention the advertising boycott at all.

上周，脸谱网首席执行官马克·扎克伯格确实宣布了一些政策调整。脸谱网将在特朗普总统等违反其规定的政治家的帖子上贴上警告标签，这是巨大转变。但当扎克伯格宣布这一消息时，他完全没有提及广告抵制运动。

INSKEEP: Well, can I just ask — you've mentioned a couple of times here that for many companies this is a temporary departure. They're coming back. How dependent are they on Facebook?

因斯基普：我想问一下，你刚才多次提到许多公司只是暂时离开。他们还会回来。他们对脸谱网的依赖程度如何？

BOND: Well, you know, Facebook has a huge stable of advertisers. I mean, its whole business is advertising. But for many of these advertisers, it's just not really a choice to leave Facebook. Facebook and other social media groups let them reach specific communities at a fraction of what they would pay to, you know, buy a commercial on broadcast television.

邦德：脸谱网有大量稳定的广告客户。其全部业务就是广告。但对许多广告商来说，离开脸谱网并不是真正的选择。脸谱网和其他社交媒体集团使他们得以接触到特定群体，而所需支付的费用只是电视广告花费的一小部分。

You know, a really good example I think is one of — you know, one of its biggest spenders right now is the Biden campaign. You know, Joe Biden has been very vocal¹² lately in criticizing Facebook. He's calling for changes. He says the company needs to crack down more on hate speech. But, you know, when NPR asked his campaign if it was going to stop advertising on Facebook, the spokesman told us, quote, "with less than five months until Election Day, we cannot afford to ce??de these platforms to Donald Trump and his lies."

我认为一个很好的例证就是，现在在脸谱网上花费最多者之一是拜登竞选团队。乔·拜登最近一直在公开批评脸谱网。他要求脸谱网做出改变。他说，脸谱网需要加大打击仇恨言论的力度。当NPR新闻询问其竞选团队是否会停止在脸谱网上投放广告时，团队发言人告诉我们，“现在距离选举日只剩不到五个月的时间，我们不能将这些平台让给唐纳特·特朗普和他的谎言。”

INSKEEP: That's a quote. NPR Shannon Bond, thanks so much.

因斯基普：这是引用发言人的原话。以上是NPR新闻的香农·邦德带来的报道，非常谢谢你。

BOND: Thank you.

邦德：谢谢。

1 boycott   

n./v.(联合)抵制，拒绝参与

参考例句：

• We put the production under a boycott.我们联合抵制该商品。
• The boycott lasts a year until the Victoria board permitsreturn.这个抗争持续了一年直到维多利亚教育局妥协为止。

2 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

3 malicious   

adj.有恶意的，心怀恶意的

参考例句：

• You ought to kick back at such malicious slander. 你应当反击这种恶毒的污蔑。
• Their talk was slightly malicious.他们的谈话有点儿心怀不轨。

4 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

5 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

6 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

7 advertising   

n.广告业；广告活动 a.广告的；广告业务的

参考例句：

• Can you give me any advice on getting into advertising? 你能指点我如何涉足广告业吗?
• The advertising campaign is aimed primarily at young people. 这个广告宣传运动主要是针对年轻人的。

8 racism   

n.民族主义；种族歧视(意识)

参考例句：

• He said that racism is endemic in this country.他说种族主义在该国很普遍。
• Racism causes political instability and violence.种族主义道致政治动荡和暴力事件。

9 incentive   

n.刺激；动力；鼓励；诱因；动机

参考例句：

• Money is still a major incentive in most occupations.在许多职业中，钱仍是主要的鼓励因素。
• He hasn't much incentive to work hard.他没有努力工作的动机。

10 pointed   

adj.尖的，直截了当的

参考例句：

• He gave me a very sharp pointed pencil.他给我一支削得非常尖的铅笔。
• She wished to show Mrs.John Dashwood by this pointed invitation to her brother.她想通过对达茨伍德夫人提出直截了当的邀请向她的哥哥表示出来。

11 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

12 vocal   

adj.直言不讳的；嗓音的；n.[pl.]声乐节目

参考例句：

• The tongue is a vocal organ.舌头是一个发音器官。
• Public opinion at last became vocal.终于舆论哗然。